Search results for ‘Subject term:"young people"’ Sort:
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Predictors of psychosocial adjustment in adolescents in residential care: a systematic review
- Authors:
- COSTA Monica, MOTA Catarina P., MATOS Paula M.
- Journal article citation:
- Child Care in Practice, 28(1), 2022, pp.52-81.
- Publisher:
- Taylor and Francis
Adolescents in residential care have an increased risk of developing psychosocial problems, however, not all adolescents are equally vulnerable. This study aims to provide a review and methodological evaluation of current studies, which focus on protective and risk factors associated with the psychosocial adjustment of adolescents in residential care. Relevant literature was searched in five databases and the researchers identified 25 publications, which met the inclusion criteria. Information regarding direct/indirect risk and protective factors was organized at the individual, social and contextual levels for different outcomes. The results showed that risk and protective factors, were mainly social and contextual factors. Moreover, very few individual factors were found to be related to psychosocial adjustment. Qualitative content analysis was used to analyze each study and showed that some data was poorly or inconsistently reported. This review showed that research on risk and protective factors related to adolescents living in residential care is still limited. Therefore, longitudinal studies with high-quality design and power are needed. (Edited publisher abstract)
A narrative review of reviews of interconnecting risks (IR) of mental health problems for young people
- Authors:
- EDBROOKE-CHILDS Julian, DEIGHTON Jessica
- Journal article citation:
- Journal of Family Therapy, 43(4), 2021, pp.748-772.
- Publisher:
- Wiley
The aim of this narrative review is to examine the most prevalent multiple or interconnecting risks of mental health problems that have been identified in previous reviews of the literature and to examine those most prevalent for children and young people. Overall, ten databases were searched for published literature reviews, and from 1,556 unique hits, 91 reviews examining individual risks were included, with 35 reviews examining interconnecting risks. The findings suggest that interpersonal connection plays a central role in interconnecting risks, as indicated by the number of interconnections between social groups, interpersonal, parental relationships and family cohesion with other risk themes. Family and systemic approaches have clear value in supporting young people by enabling the development of a secure relational foundation on which to build future protective interpersonal connections. (Edited publisher abstract)
Risk factors for (violent) radicalization in juveniles: a multilevel meta-analysis
- Authors:
- EMMELKAMP Julie, et al
- Journal article citation:
- Aggression and Violent Behavior, 55, 2020, p.101489.
- Publisher:
- Elsevier
Juveniles who become radicalized pose a great threat for society. Although research on radicalization is accumulating, a quantitative review of risk factors for youth radicalization is lacking. Therefore, a series of meta-analyses were conducted on k = 30 studies (247 effect sizes) to examine risk factors for radicalization in youth, yielding significant effects for 15 out of 17 risk domains, ranging in magnitude from r = 0.080 to r = 0.482. Medium positive effects were found for activism, perceived in-group superiority and perceived distance to other people, while small effects were found for gender, personality, delinquency and aggression, lower educational level, negative peers, in-group identification, perceived discrimination, perceived group threat, perceived procedural injustice, perceived illegitimacy of authorities, and other, whereas the effect for poverty was very small. Moderator analyses showed that the risks of negative parenting and societal disconnection were smaller for right-wing radicalization than for religious or unspecified radicalization. The risks of personality and perceived group threat were greater for willingness to carry out extremist acts and extremist behavior than for attitude towards radicalization. Further, when the percentage of ethnic minorities in the sample increased, the risks of personality, negative parenting, and societal disconnection for radicalization were larger. (Edited publisher abstract)
The price of youth: commodification of young people through malleable risk practices
- Author:
- TURNBULL Gavin
- Journal article citation:
- Journal of Youth Studies, 19(8), 2016, pp.1007-1021.
- Publisher:
- Taylor and Francis
- Place of publication:
- Philadelphia, USA
Risk has become a dominant part of theory and practice in young people's services over the past 30 years. This paper reports on a UK study of youth practitioners’ perceptions of young people in relation to ‘risk’ and how this affects practice. Findings identify a context where practitioners engage with notions of young people as at-risk or risky, managing tensions between external constructions and the ‘real’ individual on an on-going basis. ‘Risk’ becomes malleable, with young people's risk biographies being amplified or attenuated on the basis of the practitioner's view of needs, resource allocations, contracts, targets, practitioner or organisational fears, risk management processes, and the desire to get the best for the young person. Whilst of short-term benefit, this commodification of young people is counter-productive, magnifying the construction of youth as risky others. The paper calls for new approaches to challenge the continued dominance of the youth risk paradigm in practice, policy and the academic youth studies field. (Edited publisher abstract)
All the lonely people
- Authors:
- HORSFALL Chelsea, ALLEN Susan
- Journal article citation:
- Social Work Matters (e-Magazine), January 2014, pp.20-21. Online only
- Publisher:
- The College of Social Work
Draws on findings from Joseph Rowntree research 'Neighbourhood approaches to loneliness' and the pan-European study 'Loneliness and social isolation: why it matters' by Northumbria Univesity to highlight the risk of loneliness in young people. (Original abstract)
Young people as victims of crime on the internet: a population-based study in Finland
- Authors:
- OKSANEN Atte, KEIPI Teo
- Journal article citation:
- Vulnerable Children and Youth Studies, 8(4), 2013, pp.298-309.
- Publisher:
- Taylor and Francis
- Place of publication:
- Philadelphia, USA
This study investigates cybercrime, which has become a significant phenomenon within the last two decades. Being a victim of fraud, defamation or harassment online concerns, younger age groups who are active Internet users. A population-based cross-sectional survey collected from 15 to 74 year olds in Finland (n = 46,139) is used as data. The first analysis section assesses whether the younger age group (15–24 year olds) is more likely to be exposed to cybercrime than older age groups. The second analysis section delves into what kinds of risk factors are associated with the exposure to Internet crime among young people aged 15–24. Descriptive analysis and multinomial logistic regression analysis are used as methods. The results show that young people are more likely to be victims of cybercrime even when other factors were adjusted for. Besides age, other factors including gender, education, economic status, and violent victimsation are associated with cybercrime victimisation. The analysis conducted on 15–24 year olds shows that participation in online communities and violent victimisation were associated with cybercrime victimisation. Good offline social networks were a protective factor against cybercrime victimisation among females. Young cybercrime victims were more likely to be worried about future victimisation. Our findings highlight the importance of understanding both psychosocial risk factors offline and patterns of risky online behaviour. The risk of cybercrime victimisation is related to the problems that young people may face in the offline everyday life. (Publisher abstract)
Too much, too young
- Author:
- NAUGHTON Louise
- Journal article citation:
- Community Practitioner, 86(5), 2013, pp.16-19.
- Publisher:
- Community Practitioners' and Health Visitors' Association
More young people than ever are turning to self-harm to cope with the increasing pressures of teenage life. The triggers, patterns and effects of this behaviour are investigated. (Original abstract)
Transitions to long-term unemployment risk among young people: evidence from Ireland
- Authors:
- KELLY Elish, MCGUINNESS Seamus, O'CONNELL Philip J.
- Journal article citation:
- Journal of Youth Studies, 15(6), September 2012, pp.780-801.
- Publisher:
- Taylor and Francis
- Place of publication:
- Philadelphia, USA
Many young people have short spells of unemployment during their transition from school to work. However, some get trapped in unemployment and become long-term unemployed. The aim of this study was to identify the factors associated with long-term unemployment risk for those youths who become unemployed in Ireland. The research used a combination of unemployment register data and information gathered from a specially designed claimant questionnaire that was issued to all jobseekers making an unemployment benefit claim between September and December 2006. These individuals were subsequently tracked for 78 weeks. Individuals who stayed on the register for 12 months or more were defined as long-term unemployed. The results indicate that factors such as a recent history of long term unemployment, a lack of basic literacy/numeracy skills, and low levels of educational attainment all have a significant impact on the likelihood that young people will become long-term unemployed. A number of attributes are gender-specific, such as the presence of children, additional welfare benefits and spousal earnings for females and apprenticeship training and participation in a public sector job creation scheme for males. Comparisons with the characteristics associated with older welfare claimants long term unemployment risk reveals the differences between younger and older unemployed individuals.
Responding to young runaways: problems of risk and responsibility
- Author:
- LANSKEY Caroline
- Journal article citation:
- Youth Justice, 11(1), April 2011, pp.61-76.
- Publisher:
- Sage
Based on the findings of a scoping study commissioned by the Scottish Coalition for Young Runaways, this article highlights the challenges of defining young runaways and assessing the scale and nature of running away from home and substitute care. It critically considers constructions of ‘risk’ and ‘responsibility’ that have come to be applied to distinguish ‘genuine’ runaways from others and the problems this distinction creates for appropriate responses aimed at meeting the needs of all young people who run away.
Adolescent-onset alcohol abuse exacerbates the influence of childhood conduct disorder on late adolescent and early adult antisocial behaviour
- Authors:
- HOWARD Richard, et al
- Journal article citation:
- Journal of Forensic Psychiatry and Psychology (The), 23(1), February 2012, pp.7-22.
- Publisher:
- Taylor and Francis
This study investigated whether adolescent-onset alcohol abuse (AOAA) would mediate and moderate the effect of childhood conduct disorder on anti-social behaviour in late adolescence and early adulthood. Five hundred and four participants from a small mid-west college town in the United States were grouped using the criteria of the DSM-IV, as follows: neither childhood conduct disorder (CCD) nor alcohol abuse/dependence; CCD but no alcohol abuse or dependence; alcohol abuse/dependence but no CCD; both CCD and alcohol abuse/dependence. Findings revealed that severity of lifetime alcohol-related and CCD problems served as predictor variables in regression analysis. Anti-social behaviour problems were greatest in individuals with a history of co-occurring conduct disorder and alcohol abuse/dependence. While CCD was strongly predictive of adult anti-social behaviour, this effect was both mediated and moderated by AOAA.