Search results for ‘Subject term:"traumas"’ Sort:
Results 1 - 10 of 59
The full story
- Author:
- WELLARD Sarah
- Journal article citation:
- Community Care, 19.8.04, 2004, pp.40-41.
- Publisher:
- Reed Business Information
Oral storytelling is a tradition that has all but died out in modern life. But it is one that a Scottish charity is doing its best to revive. Children First's storytelling development project aims to enable staff to acquire storytelling skills and to integrate storytelling into their work with vulnerable children. The project also works with parents and teachers so that storytelling can be used at home or in schools. The idea for the project grew out of development worker who discovered that storytelling was a powerful tool for helping children to come to terms with multiple separation, and wanted to exploit its potential to help children deal with all kinds of distressing and traumatic experiences.
Caregiver substance use and trauma exposure in young children
- Authors:
- SPRANG Ginny, CLARK James J., STATON-TINDALL Michele
- Journal article citation:
- Families in Society, 91(4), October 2010, pp.401-407.
- Publisher:
- The Alliance for Children and Families
This paper focuses on child exposure to traumatic events that occur with parental methamphetamine production and use. The study examined the differential experiences of 3 groups of children who were involved in the child welfare system: children living in homes with caregivers who had used methamphetamine; those living in homes with caregivers who used other drugs; and those in homes where there was no evidence of caregiver substance misuse. Data relating to caregiver substance use, child trauma exposure, and time in out-of-home care was collected from the electronic records of a random sample of 1127 children selected from the public child welfare log of open cases in 2005-2006. The results indicated that caregiver methamphetamine use was a robust correlate of trauma exposure, with interpersonal violence being the most prevalent form of trauma exposure. Practice and policy implications are presented for a wide range of professionals working with these children.
Commercial sexual exploitation, stigma, and trauma: a detrimental trio for an altered sense of self
- Authors:
- LANCTOT Nadine, et al
- Journal article citation:
- Journal of Child Sexual Abuse, 30(6), 2021, pp.703-721.
- Publisher:
- Taylor and Francis
- Place of publication:
- Philadelphia, USA
This study aimed to assess whether, and to what extent, the commercial sexual exploitation of female adolescents placed in residential care predicted different manifestations of an altered sense of self in emerging adulthood while considering the possible confounding effects of child maltreatment and perceived stigmatization. Data were gathered in a broader longitudinal study conducted among a sample of 124 female adolescents placed in residential youth care centers. Commercial sexual exploitation was self-reported during adolescence. Altered sense of self was self-reported in emerging adulthood with the following dependent variables: sense of failure, sense of defensiveness and shame, lack of self-awareness, and other-directedness. Findings suggest that, even after accounting for the significant effects of confounding variables, commercial sexual exploitation increases specific vulnerabilities pertaining to identity development. This creates unique intervention needs among young women. Our study adds to the literature by highlighting the unique influence of commercial sexual exploitation experiences among vulnerable female adolescents on their sense of self in young adulthood. Our results point to the relevance of considering the intersection of trauma and stigmatization when working with and providing services to adolescent females with a history of commercial sexual exploitation. (Edited publisher abstract)
The psychobiological consequences of child separation at the border: lessons from research on attachment and emotion regulation
- Authors:
- JONES-MASON Karen, BEHRENS Kazuko Y., BAHM Naomi I. Gribneau
- Journal article citation:
- Attachment and Human Development, 23(1), 2021, pp.1-36.
- Publisher:
- Taylor and Francis
In the spring of 2018, the Attorney General of the United States issued a memorandum declaring a “zero tolerance policy” under which all adults entering the United States illegally would be criminally prosecuted, and, if traveling with minor children, forcibly separated from their children. Although the government was ordered to reunite the children with their parents it is still unclear how many children have been or remain separated. Given the high risk of permanent harm to a vulnerable population, and the fact that this risk may continue into the near future, this paper presents a review of what nearly eight decades of scholarly research has taught us about the damaging impact of deprivation and separation from parents. The article briefly reviews the origins of attachment theory as well as empirical studies that examine the psychobiological impact on children who experienced parental deprivation or separation. The paper concludes with recommendations, for future research. (Edited publisher abstract)
Trauma-informed approaches: what they are and how to introduce them
- Authors:
- INFIELD Margery, BOSWELL Katie
- Publisher:
- New Philanthropy Capital
- Publication year:
- 2020
- Pagination:
- 10
- Place of publication:
- London
This short guide is written for charity leaders to help understand what trauma-informed approaches are, and how to introduce them into services. At the most basic level, trauma-informed approaches are ways of supporting people that recognise specific needs they may have as a result of past or ongoing trauma. Trauma can arise from many places, so it is difficult to estimate how many people in Britain are living with its lasting effects but at least one in ten people have had four or more traumatic experiences as children. The guide sets out the key principles for providing care in a trauma-informed way, which include: recognise and respond to trauma; provide safe environments; take a strengths-based view; build empowering relationships; and promote equality of access. The guide also describes how organisations and services can shift to a trauma-informed approach, by adopting a whole organisational approach; providing staff training, support and supervision; and protecting staff wellbeing. (Edited publisher abstract)
Trauma screening and assessment outcomes in child welfare: a systematic review
- Author:
- WHITT-WOOSLEY Adrienne
- Journal article citation:
- Journal of Public Child Welfare, 14(4), 2020, pp.412-434.
- Publisher:
- Taylor and Francis
- Place of publication:
- Philadelphia, USA
This systematic review analyzes findings from all identified studies measuring traumatic stress in child welfare specific samples in order to explore how the existing literature informs trauma screening and assessment practices in child welfare systems. Most prior research involving measures of traumatic stress in children has been conducted with clinical samples that are not child welfare specific or entirely limited to this population. The aims of this review are to describe the child welfare samples screened for traumatic stress, their reported traumatic stress outcomes, other important variables investigated that could assist with the identification of high risk sub-groups, and to review trauma related implications for child serving systems. Searches of all relevant databases identified 14 studies for the analysis. Implications are provided regarding the mental health and trauma recovery needs of maltreated children, high risk sub-groups within this population, systemic challenges and considerations regarding how the child welfare system might collect and utilize trauma information to enhance decision making. (Edited publisher abstract)
Coping with life in a new country – affect regulation based on unaccompanied refugee minors’ needs
- Authors:
- ERIKSSON Riitta, RUNDGREN Asa Hedberg
- Journal article citation:
- European Journal of Social Work, 22(6), 2019, pp.1012-1024.
- Publisher:
- Taylor and Francis
Many unaccompanied refugee minors have experienced adversity, stress and/or trauma. This article discusses how to create a supportive environment for unaccompanied minors with refugee status in residential care and what challenges are present. How do these young people describe their strategies to cope with life? Self-regulation for these young people refers to the ability to regulate emotions to influence their behaviour based on emotional and social demands in a particular situation. Through co-regulation they learn to self-regulate emotions with available, trustworthy and empathetic caregivers in an interactive process. Awareness of the adult’s own feelings is important. In co-regulation, the adults combine soothing language with a willingness to ignore provocative behaviour with young people who are emotionally upset. Data were collected through interviews with 10 unaccompanied refugee minors with experience of residential care. The aim was to examine what challenges these young people experience in creating a supportive environment, and how do they describe their strategies for coping with challenges. Data were analysed using qualitative content analysis. This article formulates issues of possible ways of supporting unaccompanied refugee minors in the process of life in a new country. (Edited publisher abstract)
The potential of early intervention for preventing and reducing ACE-related trauma
- Authors:
- ASMUSSEN Kirsten, McBRIDE Tom, WADDELL Stephanie
- Journal article citation:
- Social Policy and Society, 18(3), 2019, pp.425-434.
- Publisher:
- Cambridge University Press
Too many children face disadvantages that negatively impact their health, happiness and future life chances. Adverse Childhood Experiences (ACEs) represent a particularly traumatic set of circumstances that have been found through research to dramatically increase the likelihood of poor adult physical and mental health outcomes. This article identifies twenty-four interventions with causal evidence of preventing or reducing ACE-related trauma and considers how they could be offered through system-wide strategies aimed at improving the lives of children who are at the greatest risk. While the authors do not suggest that these interventions represent a magic solution to ACEs, or the wider societal issues that contribute to them, they propose that knowledge about their effectiveness can improve the quality of services that support the needs of highly vulnerable children. (Edited publisher abstract)
Grooming hurts too: the effects of types of perpetrator grooming on trauma symptoms in adult survivors of child sexual abuse
- Authors:
- WOLF Molly R., PRUITT Doyle K.
- Journal article citation:
- Journal of Child Sexual Abuse, 28(3), 2019, pp.345-359.
- Publisher:
- Taylor and Francis
- Place of publication:
- Philadelphia, USA
There are a multitude of behaviors that child sexual abusers use to ‘groom’ children into becoming vulnerable to abuse. In this study of 277 adult survivors of child sexual abuse, participants advised the many ways they were groomed into being abused by up to three perpetrators. The effects of three categories of grooming (Verbal Coercion, Grooming that used Drugs/Alcohol, and Threatening/Violent Grooming) were examined for their effects on trauma symptom severity. Using Linear Regressions, each grooming category had a significant predictive effect on trauma symptom severity. Multiple Linear Regressions revealed that for most trauma symptoms, Threatening/Violent Grooming was a significant predictor of trauma symptom severity, even when other more well-known variables were controlled for (including age at onset of abuse, relationship to perpetrator, and severity of abuse), with a notable exception of verbal coercion as a significant predictor of sexual problems in adulthood (i.e. not satisfied, low drive, overactivity, confusion, bad thoughts or feelings). (Edited publisher abstract)
Interactive models of depression vulnerability: the role of childhood trauma, dysfunctional attitudes, and coping
- Authors:
- MORRIS Matthew C., et al
- Journal article citation:
- British Journal of Clinical Psychology, 53(2), 2014, pp.245-263.
- Publisher:
- Wiley
Objectives: This prospective study investigated whether within-individual relations between depression vulnerability factors (childhood trauma, dysfunctional attitudes, maladaptive coping) and depressive symptom trajectories varied as a function of the number of prior major depressive episodes (MDEs) experienced in their lifetime. Design: Participants were 68 young adults who varied with regard to their history of depression; 32 were remitted depressed and 36 were never depressed. Methods: Depressive symptoms and disorders were assessed using semi-structured psychiatric interviews conducted twice over a 6-month period; interviews yielded weekly ratings of depressive symptoms during the follow-up interval. Childhood trauma, dysfunctional attitudes and coping were assessed with self-report measures. Data analyses were conducted using time-lagged multilevel models. Results: Individual with more previous MDEs who reported greater childhood trauma exposure, more dysfunctional attitudes, or greater use of maladaptive coping strategies experienced more rapid increases in depressive symptoms during the follow-up period. A significant interaction of coping, number of previous MDEs, and time was found indicating that among individuals with less adaptive coping (i.e., lower primary or lower secondary control coping scores), depressive symptoms rating (DSR) increased significantly in relation to number of prior depressive episodes; no change in DSR was observed for never-depressed individuals. Among individuals with higher primary control coping scores, significant increases in DSR scores were observed for individuals with ≥3 prior MDEs only. Conclusions: Findings highlight the need for treatment and prevention programmes that target stress reactivity and coping strategies early in the course of depression. (Publisher abstract)