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The U.S. long term care system: development and expansion occurring retirement communities as an innovative model for aging in place
- Authors:
- GUO Kristina L., CATILLO Richard J.
- Journal article citation:
- Ageing International, 37(2), June 2012, pp.210-227.
- Publisher:
- Springer
- Place of publication:
- New York
This paper describes the importance of naturally occurring retirement communities (NORCs) in the United States to promote the health and mental well being of older individuals through the collaborative efforts of formal and informal home and community based services and support. NORCs are considered a crucial model for aging in place since older adults prefer to remain in the comfort of their homes, and services can be provided in a much more efficient and cost effective manner. This paper examines the strengths, opportunities, and challenges of existing NORCs and discusses the need for the development and expansion of additional NORC programs as an innovative and viable solution for older adults aging in place.
Putting the ‘care’ in housing-with-care: integrated retirement communities: improving care quality and tackling the workforce crisis
- Author:
- ASSOCIATED RETIREMENT COMMUNITY OPERATORS
- Publisher:
- Associated Retirement Community Operators
- Publication year:
- 2021
- Pagination:
- 17
- Place of publication:
- London
This report analyses the quality, efficiency and benefits of social care provided by Integrated Retirement Community (IRC) operators in the UK. The report is based on an analysis of the Care Quality Commission (CQC) ratings of domiciliary care agencies run by Associated Retirement Community Operators (ARCO) members in IRCs; a survey of IRC operators; empirical data from the ExtraCare Charitable Trust; findings from a study on Covid-19 and IRC conducted by St Monica Trust; and a review of other relevant literature and research. The study found that care can be provided more effectively and efficiently in IRCs due to staff giving care to residents onsite and not needing to travel in between visits, and because many residents require less care after moving in due to health and wellbeing improvements. The report compares the care and support requirements of people living in IRC with those living in dispersed family homes, and calculates that, for a typical IRC with 200 people living there, 16 fewer care staff are needed than if the same levels of care were provided in the wider community – freeing up staff to provide care to those who need it elsewhere. Other findings include: IRCs deliver high quality and effective care and that the Covid-19 pandemic has shone a light on the way in which IRCs can keep residents safe and secure. Case studies include: Wixams Retirement Village (Extra Care Charitable Trust); Audley St Elphin’s Park, Derbyshire; Rangeford Villages. The report concludes with three main recommendations addressed to the UK government. (Edited publisher abstract)