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Deinstitutionalisation and community living: an international perspective
- Author:
- MANSELL Jim
- Journal article citation:
- Housing Care and Support, 8(3), September 2005, pp.26-33.
- Publisher:
- Emerald
This article reviews progress in deinstitutionalisation and community living for people with learning disabilities. The effects of replacing institutional care on residents are summarised and some emerging problems are identified.
Deinstitutionalisation and community living: an international perspective
- Author:
- MANSELL Jim
- Journal article citation:
- Tizard Learning Disability Review, 10(1), February 2005, pp.22-29.
- Publisher:
- Emerald
Reviews progress in deinstitutionalisation and community living for people with learning disabilities, summarising the effects of replacing institutional care on residents and identifying emerging problems.
Grouping people with learning disabilities and challenging behaviour in residential care
- Authors:
- MANSELL Jim, BEADLE-BROWN Julie
- Journal article citation:
- Tizard Learning Disability Review, 9(2), April 2004, pp.4-10.
- Publisher:
- Emerald
Grouping people with learning disabilities and challenging behaviour in residential care has been the focus of several recent research studies. Describes these studies and what they found. In general they found negative effects of grouping people with challenging behaviour together in terms of the quality of staff interaction with them and the outcomes they experience.
Developing staffed housing for people with mental handicaps
- Author:
- MANSELL Jim
- Publisher:
- Costello
- Publication year:
- 1987
- Pagination:
- 294p., tables, bibliog.
- Place of publication:
- Tunbridge Wells
Practical guide for staff involved in transition of people from institutional to community care. Based on a staffed housing scheme in Andover, Hampshire.
Staffing and staff training for a residential service
- Authors:
- MANSELL Jim, PORTERFIELD Jan
- Publisher:
- Campaign for People with Mental Handicap
- Publication year:
- 1986
- Pagination:
- 13p., bibliog.
- Place of publication:
- London
Care standards in homes for people with intellectual disabilities
- Authors:
- BEADLE-BROWN Julie, HUTCHINSON Aislinn, MANSELL Jim
- Journal article citation:
- Journal of Applied Research in Intellectual Disabilities, 21(3), May 2008, pp.210-218.
- Publisher:
- Wiley
National minimum standards for residential care homes were introduced following the Care Standards Act 2000 in response to concern about the lack of consistency and poor quality services. These standards are intended to reflect outcomes for service users and to be comprehensive in scope. This study compared ratings made by care standards inspectors with research measures for 52 homes for people with intellectual disabilities serving 299 people. The research measures focused on the lived experience of residential care, including engagement in meaningful activity, choice and participation in activities of daily living. They also included measures of related care practices and organizational arrangements. The research measures were in general significantly correlated with each other. Most of the care standards ratings were also correlated with each other. However, only two of 108 correlations between care standards and research measures were significant. Possible reasons for this are discussed. This study confirms that the review of national minimum standards and modernization of inspection methods recently announced by the Department of Health and the Commission for Social Care Inspection are timely and appropriate.
Estimating the number of people with intellectual disabilities in 'out of area' residential placements
- Authors:
- MANSELL Jim, et al
- Journal article citation:
- Research Policy and Planning, 24(1), 2006, pp.53-59.
- Publisher:
- Social Services Research Group
Out of area placement of people with intellectual disabilities is a potential problematic practice. In this study every care home in a large English county was surveyed to find out the number of people placed by other authorities. Information was cross-checked by asking three placing authorities for information about everyone they had placed in residential care in the county. The survey identified 759 people placed by other authorities in homes in the county. Cross-checking suggested that only about half to two thirds of placements were being identified. Residents included all age groups, a disproportional number of men and were mainly placed for long-term care. between 30 and 54 per cent had not been contacted by their care managers for at least a year. It seem likely that between 1,000 and 1,400 people were placed by other authorities in this country, occupying 30 to 40 per cent of all residential placements. This figure does not include placement in health facilities or 'supporting people' placements. The number of people placed by other authorities seems likely to pose a considerable extra demand for health and social care services.
Care standards in homes for people with intellectual disabilities
- Authors:
- BEADLE-BROWN Julie, HUTCHINSON Aislinn, MANSELL Jim
- Publisher:
- Tizard Centre
- Publication year:
- 2005
- Pagination:
- 13p.
- Place of publication:
- Canterbury
National minimum standards for residential care homes were introduced following the Care Standards Act 2000 in response to concern about lack of consistency and poor quality services. These standards are intended to reflect outcomes for service users and to be comprehensive in scope. This study compared ratings made by care standards inspectors with research measures for 52 homes for people with intellectual disabilities serving 299 people. The research measures focused on the lived experience of residential care, including engagement in meaningful activity, choice and participation in activities of daily living. They also included measures of related care practices and organisational arrangements. The research measures were in general significantly correlated with each other. Most of the care standards ratings were also correlated with each other.
Deinstitutionalisation and community living: position statement of the Comparative Policy and Practice Special Interest Research Group of the International Association for the Scientific Study of Intellectual Disabilities
- Authors:
- MANSELL Jim, BEADLE-BROWN Julie
- Journal article citation:
- Journal of Intellectual Disability Research, 54(2), February 2010, pp.104-112.
- Publisher:
- Wiley
The process of “deinstitutionalisation”; that is the abandonment of large residential institutions and their replacement by small scale services allowing people to live in the community, is well advanced in Scandinavia, the US, Canada, the UK and Australasia. Although here the debate is largely resolved, questions remain about whether newer kinds of supported accommodation replicate institutional features and themselves need reform. In other countries the debate has never really begun because those with intellectual disabilities are mostly cared for by their families. In a third group of countries the dominant form of care remains institutional and how to replace this is at the heart of the debate. The purpose of this position statement by the Comparative Policy and Practice Special Interest Research Group of the International Association for the Scientific Study of Intellectual Disabilities was to set out concisely the evidence for comparing institutional to community services and to draw out implications for policy makers. The UN Convention on the Rights of Persons with Disabilities obliges states to develop community living to replace institutional care. The authors suggest that in addressing this task, policy makers should be aware of the evidence that; community living offers the prospect of an improved lifestyle and quality of life over institutional care for people with intellectual disabilities, that this applies to old and new institutions alike whatever they are called; that community care is no more expensive than institutional care on the basis of comparative need and quality of care; and successful community living requires close attention to the way services are set up and run, especially the quality of staff support.
Effect of service structure and organization on staff care practices in small community homes for people with intellectual disabilities
- Authors:
- MANSELL Jim, et al
- Journal article citation:
- Journal of Applied Research in Intellectual Disabilities, 21(5), September 2008, pp.398-413.
- Publisher:
- Wiley
An important question in community living is what factors influence the extent to which staff provide 'active support'. Engagement, care practices and a range of staff and organizational characteristics were studied in 72 residential homes serving 359 adults with intellectual disabilities in England. Managers in 36 settings were trained in person-centred active support (PCAS). A group comparison design and multivariate analysis was used to investigate the relationship between variables. The PCAS group showed more active support, assistance, other contact from staff and engagement in meaningful activity but no difference in choice-making or assessment of participation in activities of daily living. The PCAS group had more staff with a professional qualification, were more likely to think that challenging behaviour was caused by lack of stimulation, had attitudes more in line with a policy of community care, rated most care tasks as less difficult, and were more organized to deliver active support. The comparison group were more likely to think that challenging behaviour was learned negative behaviour, showed more teamwork and were more satisfied. Multivariate analysis identified a range of staff and organizational variables associated with engagement and active support. The results suggest that some variables which have not hitherto been studied in relation with active support are associated with it. Professional qualification, knowledge and experience appear to be important as do some staff attitudes, clear management guidance, more frequent supervision and team meetings, training and support for staff to help residents engage in meaningful activity.