Findings of a review of the international evidence of the effectiveness of the use of CCTV in care home settings. The report begins with the rationale for this review which is in response to concerns regarding the quality of care and the potential for abuse in care home settings. It then considers the range of technology used to monitor people within such settings, with particular reference to Closed Circuit Television (CCTV) based technology. The report then considers the complex ethical debates relevant to the use of monitoring technology in care home settings and the policies and guidance developed for the use of such technology in Northern Ireland and internationally. Next, it focuses on the rapid evidence assessment of the research on the effectiveness of the use of CCTV in care home settings for service users, carers/families and service provides. The methodology used to conduct the evidence assessment is presented followed by the key findings, including a table summarising all the included studies. The final section of the report considers the possible implications of the current debates and evidence for law, policy, service provision and practice in Northern Ireland. The key themes emerging from the evidence include: the tension between the needs of residents, their family members and those providing care; issues relevant to relationship-based care, cultural change and the institutionalisation of care settings; the potential for CCTV to improve care; the possible impact of creating a culture of mistrust, the negative impact on staff; data security relevant to the recorded information; issues of accountability; CCTV's uses in identifying and monitoring health behaviours; CCTV's uses as a crime solving tool; issues of consent, capacity and best interests; the importance of consulting with all stakeholders; and, in the context of limited resources, cost effectiveness.
(Edited publisher abstract)
Findings of a review of the international evidence of the effectiveness of the use of CCTV in care home settings. The report begins with the rationale for this review which is in response to concerns regarding the quality of care and the potential for abuse in care home settings. It then considers the range of technology used to monitor people within such settings, with particular reference to Closed Circuit Television (CCTV) based technology. The report then considers the complex ethical debates relevant to the use of monitoring technology in care home settings and the policies and guidance developed for the use of such technology in Northern Ireland and internationally. Next, it focuses on the rapid evidence assessment of the research on the effectiveness of the use of CCTV in care home settings for service users, carers/families and service provides. The methodology used to conduct the evidence assessment is presented followed by the key findings, including a table summarising all the included studies. The final section of the report considers the possible implications of the current debates and evidence for law, policy, service provision and practice in Northern Ireland. The key themes emerging from the evidence include: the tension between the needs of residents, their family members and those providing care; issues relevant to relationship-based care, cultural change and the institutionalisation of care settings; the potential for CCTV to improve care; the possible impact of creating a culture of mistrust, the negative impact on staff; data security relevant to the recorded information; issues of accountability; CCTV's uses in identifying and monitoring health behaviours; CCTV's uses as a crime solving tool; issues of consent, capacity and best interests; the importance of consulting with all stakeholders; and, in the context of limited resources, cost effectiveness.
(Edited publisher abstract)
Subject terms:
care homes, monitoring, telecare, alarm systems, assistive technology, privacy, ethics;
Journal of Adult Protection, 21(6), 2019, pp.276-284.
Publisher:
Emerald
Purpose: In care homes concerns about abuse have established a culture where all information pertaining to a person must be shared, and little attention is paid to privacy in its broader sense. The purpose of this paper is to take a human rights perspective and consider how information governance may impact on the health, well-being and quality of life of residents. It proposes a proactive approach and presents a template for a privacy impact assessment which services could use to improve their approach to privacy, protecting the human rights of those in their care, contributing to their independence and improving outcomes. Design/methodology/approach: A review of historical and current thinking about the value of privacy in human services and wider society leads to a series of challenges to the way in which privacy is upheld in residential care services. Findings: Recent preoccupations with data privacy have led to a myopic neglect of broader considerations of privacy. Whilst it continues to be important to protect the confidentiality of personal data and to ensure that residents are protected from abuse, human services that provide 24 hour care in congregated settings must not neglect broader components of privacy. Research limitations/implications: Privacy impact assessments have been widely used to check whether data privacy is being upheld. The broader concept that might be termed “Big Privacy” is introduced within which data privacy is but one section. It is suggested that big privacy is severely compromised in residential care settings, thus denying residents their human right to privacy. The extent of such violation of rights should be investigated. Practical implications: Having set out the potential reach of the human right to privacy, important work needs to be done to find out how privacy might be upheld in the real world of congregate residential care. Some service providers may have solutions to the organisational challenges, have addressed staff training needs and revised risk assessment strategies so that privacy is upheld alongside other rights. Social implications: Nearly half a million people live in congregate residential care settings in England, and deprivation of privacy is argued to be a significant deprivation of human rights. Occasional tragedies and scandals in congregate settings create pressure for increasing the level of surveillance, and the right to privacy is sacrificed. This paper offers a challenge to this process, arguing that competing rights need to be balanced and privacy is an essential component of a decent quality of life. Originality/value: Personal growth and development depends to some extent on choice and control over access to privacy. Recent changes in the law regarding data protection have narrowed thinking about privacy until it is a small concept, largely concerned with data handling. This paper invites consideration of big privacy, and invites congregate residential care settings to consider how a deep and broad definition of privacy could transform these services.
(Edited publisher abstract)
Purpose: In care homes concerns about abuse have established a culture where all information pertaining to a person must be shared, and little attention is paid to privacy in its broader sense. The purpose of this paper is to take a human rights perspective and consider how information governance may impact on the health, well-being and quality of life of residents. It proposes a proactive approach and presents a template for a privacy impact assessment which services could use to improve their approach to privacy, protecting the human rights of those in their care, contributing to their independence and improving outcomes. Design/methodology/approach: A review of historical and current thinking about the value of privacy in human services and wider society leads to a series of challenges to the way in which privacy is upheld in residential care services. Findings: Recent preoccupations with data privacy have led to a myopic neglect of broader considerations of privacy. Whilst it continues to be important to protect the confidentiality of personal data and to ensure that residents are protected from abuse, human services that provide 24 hour care in congregated settings must not neglect broader components of privacy. Research limitations/implications: Privacy impact assessments have been widely used to check whether data privacy is being upheld. The broader concept that might be termed “Big Privacy” is introduced within which data privacy is but one section. It is suggested that big privacy is severely compromised in residential care settings, thus denying residents their human right to privacy. The extent of such violation of rights should be investigated. Practical implications: Having set out the potential reach of the human right to privacy, important work needs to be done to find out how privacy might be upheld in the real world of congregate residential care. Some service providers may have solutions to the organisational challenges, have addressed staff training needs and revised risk assessment strategies so that privacy is upheld alongside other rights. Social implications: Nearly half a million people live in congregate residential care settings in England, and deprivation of privacy is argued to be a significant deprivation of human rights. Occasional tragedies and scandals in congregate settings create pressure for increasing the level of surveillance, and the right to privacy is sacrificed. This paper offers a challenge to this process, arguing that competing rights need to be balanced and privacy is an essential component of a decent quality of life. Originality/value: Personal growth and development depends to some extent on choice and control over access to privacy. Recent changes in the law regarding data protection have narrowed thinking about privacy until it is a small concept, largely concerned with data handling. This paper invites consideration of big privacy, and invites congregate residential care settings to consider how a deep and broad definition of privacy could transform these services.
(Edited publisher abstract)
Subject terms:
privacy, literature reviews, data protection, care providers, confidentiality, residential care, human rights;
GREEN Caroline Emmer De Albuquerque, TINKER Anthea, MANTHORPE Jill
Journal article citation:
Working with Older People, 22(4), 2018, pp.198-210.
Publisher:
Emerald
Purpose: The purpose of this paper is to review and discuss evidence of good practice in respecting care home residents’ right to privacy. The right to privacy is a fundamental human right as enshrined in international and domestic law and standards. In the context of increasing interest in using a human rights approach to social care in care homes for older people, this literature review summarises research evidence on what respecting the human right to privacy of care home residents entails in practice. Design/methodology/approach: This literature review followed a rigorous systematic approach to the scoping review, inspired by the Joanna Biggs Institute’s guidelines for conducting systematic reviews. A total of 12 articles were included in the review. Findings: The research took a multidimensional understanding of privacy in their studies. The dimensions can be categorised as physical, inter-relational or related to personal data. The review highlights three good practice points. First, it is good privacy practice in care homes to make available single-occupancy bedrooms to residents since this offers the opportunity to personalising this physical space with furniture and web belongings, privacy considerations were relevant to communal living areas within care homes, including the use of surveillance cameras and the sharing of personal data. Originality/value: This literature review adds to the body of academic literature on human rights and social care in practice. It also highlights areas for future research relating to the right to privacy in care homes.
(Publisher abstract)
Purpose: The purpose of this paper is to review and discuss evidence of good practice in respecting care home residents’ right to privacy. The right to privacy is a fundamental human right as enshrined in international and domestic law and standards. In the context of increasing interest in using a human rights approach to social care in care homes for older people, this literature review summarises research evidence on what respecting the human right to privacy of care home residents entails in practice. Design/methodology/approach: This literature review followed a rigorous systematic approach to the scoping review, inspired by the Joanna Biggs Institute’s guidelines for conducting systematic reviews. A total of 12 articles were included in the review. Findings: The research took a multidimensional understanding of privacy in their studies. The dimensions can be categorised as physical, inter-relational or related to personal data. The review highlights three good practice points. First, it is good privacy practice in care homes to make available single-occupancy bedrooms to residents since this offers the opportunity to personalising this physical space with furniture and web belongings, adding a sense of ownership over the space. Second, residents appreciate being able to choose when and how they spend their time in their own bedrooms. Third, it is good practice to respect residents’ private physical space and private choices, for example by knocking on doors before entering or agreeing with the resident when it is permissible to enter. The review also found that in some studies privacy considerations were relevant to communal living areas within care homes, including the use of surveillance cameras and the sharing of personal data. Originality/value: This literature review adds to the body of academic literature on human rights and social care in practice. It also highlights areas for future research relating to the right to privacy in care homes.
(Publisher abstract)
Subject terms:
good practice, care homes, older people, literature reviews, rights, privacy, residential care, human rights;
... included video surveillance, sensors, monitors, closed-circuit television (CCTV) and covert surveillance. Areas covered include: ethics privacy and consent; the impact of surveillance; benefits, risks and limitations.
(Edited publisher abstract)
A brief literature review on the use and effectiveness of electronic surveillance tools in health and social care settings. The review provides a concise summary of a sample of relevant evidence on the topic (nine peer-reviewed articles) and signposts routes to further information, rather than offering a definitive or comprehensive statement of the research. Types of electronic surveillance included video surveillance, sensors, monitors, closed-circuit television (CCTV) and covert surveillance. Areas covered include: ethics privacy and consent; the impact of surveillance; benefits, risks and limitations.
(Edited publisher abstract)
Subject terms:
health care, social care, videos, alarm systems, monitoring, privacy, ethics, assistive technology;
MARS Maurice, MORRIS Christopher, SCOTT Richard E.
Journal article citation:
Journal of Telemedicine and Telecare, 25(9), 2019, p.524–529.
Publisher:
Sage
Place of publication:
London
... and privacy (eight articles), security (seven), record keeping (four) and storage (three). Mandatory national guidelines for the use of IM for patient-sensitive information do not appear to exist, only advisories that counsel against its use. Conclusion: The literature showed clinicians use IM because of its simplicity, timeliness and cost effectiveness. No suitable guidelines exist. Generic guidelines
(Edited publisher abstract)
Introduction: Instant messaging (IM) is pervasive in modern society, including healthcare. WhatsApp, the most cited IM application in healthcare, is used to share sensitive patient information between clinicians. Its use raises legal, regulatory and ethical concerns. Are there guidelines for the clinical use of WhatsApp? Can generic guidelines be developed for the use of IM, for one-to-one and one-to-many healthcare professional communication using WhatsApp as an example? Aim: This study aimed to investigate if there are guidelines for using WhatsApp in clinical practice. Method: Nine electronic databases were searched in January 2019 for articles on WhatsApp in clinical service. Inclusion criteria: paper was in English, reported on WhatsApp use or potential use in clinical practice, addressed legal, regulatory or ethical issues and presented some form of guideline or guidance for WhatsApp use. Results: In total, 590 unique articles were found and 167 titles and abstracts met the inclusion criteria. Twenty-one articles identified the need for general guidelines. Twelve articles provided some form of guidance for using WhatsApp. Issues addressed were confidentiality, identification and privacy (eight articles), security (seven), record keeping (four) and storage (three). Mandatory national guidelines for the use of IM for patient-sensitive information do not appear to exist, only advisories that counsel against its use. Conclusion: The literature showed clinicians use IM because of its simplicity, timeliness and cost effectiveness. No suitable guidelines exist. Generic guidelines are required for the use of IM for healthcare delivery which can be adapted to local circumstance and messaging service used.
(Edited publisher abstract)
Subject terms:
literature reviews, computer apps, health care, communication, assistive technology, online services, standards, policy, confidentiality, privacy, safety, record keeping, access to information;
Health and Social Care in the Community, 27(3), 2019, pp.546-564.
Publisher:
Wiley
... housing gave individuals privacy, a sense of control, stability and security; (b) stable housing supported residents’ confidence to rebuild an identity and meaning in life, (c) there is a delicate balance between appreciating privacy and dealing with loneliness, and (d) opportunities and support to reconnect with families, friends and community are valued. The meta‐synthesis findings highlight that supported housing residents face challenges of protecting their privacy and being lonely when on their own. Individualised support approaches need to attend to personal preferences for social participation and their varied meanings and significance. Further research is required to better understand how individualised forms of support can enable supported housing residents to connect with family, friends
(Edited publisher abstract)
Supported housing principles emphasise the importance of decent, stable and affordable housing, and the provision of individualised support to enable people experiencing mental illness to live in their preferred communities, and to recover. This study sought to synthesise qualitative research addressing the question: how does living in supported housing facilitate social connections and participation from the viewpoints of people living with mental illness? Three databases (CINAHL, PsycINFO, Medline) were systematically searched to identify 19 peer‐reviewed reports on 17 studies published during 2001–2016, in which the views and experiences of supported housing residents with mental illness were reported. Most studies were informed by grounded theory and used interview methods. Appraisal indicated the reports were of varying quality, but all met the inclusion criterion of reporting qualitative data relevant to the research question. Constant comparative methods were used to synthesise the reported data, and to identify themes across the studies. There were four overarching themes regarding the lived experience of supported housing for people with mental illness: (a) living in supported housing gave individuals privacy, a sense of control, stability and security; (b) stable housing supported residents’ confidence to rebuild an identity and meaning in life, (c) there is a delicate balance between appreciating privacy and dealing with loneliness, and (d) opportunities and support to reconnect with families, friends and community are valued. The meta‐synthesis findings highlight that supported housing residents face challenges of protecting their privacy and being lonely when on their own. Individualised support approaches need to attend to personal preferences for social participation and their varied meanings and significance. Further research is required to better understand how individualised forms of support can enable supported housing residents to connect with family, friends and community in their preferred ways.
(Edited publisher abstract)
Subject terms:
supported housing, mental health problems, user views, service users, qualitative research, severe mental health problems, service uptake, housing, supported living, privacy, loneliness;
Journal of Child Sexual Abuse, 28(3), 2019, pp.280-300.
Publisher:
Taylor and Francis
Place of publication:
Philadelphia, USA
The current systematic narrative literature review sought to discover the views of young child sexual abuse (CSA) survivors, unknown to child protection services, on confidentiality. Due to the paucity of research on young CSA survivors, the review was widened to include users of sexual health services. Seventeen databases were searched, and results were refined by reading titles and abstracts, followed by full text. Analysis involved an exploratory interpretist approach to identify conceptual themes and research methodologies. Fifteen published papers were identified. Research methods were narrow and included surveys, interviews, and focus groups, with limited youth participation. In addition to the theme of confidentiality essential to this study, themes identified included - needing accurate information about services, the importance of someone non-judgemental to talk to, control over decisions affecting their lives, and better access to services. Studies indicated young people were fearful of child protection involvement. In conclusion, studies suggest young survivors unknown to child protection services need a higher level of confidential services and more control of their information. Further research involving young survivors in participatory methods is needed to explore issues of confidentiality, survivor participation, and fear of child protection agencies.
(Edited publisher abstract)
The current systematic narrative literature review sought to discover the views of young child sexual abuse (CSA) survivors, unknown to child protection services, on confidentiality. Due to the paucity of research on young CSA survivors, the review was widened to include users of sexual health services. Seventeen databases were searched, and results were refined by reading titles and abstracts, followed by full text. Analysis involved an exploratory interpretist approach to identify conceptual themes and research methodologies. Fifteen published papers were identified. Research methods were narrow and included surveys, interviews, and focus groups, with limited youth participation. In addition to the theme of confidentiality essential to this study, themes identified included - needing accurate information about services, the importance of someone non-judgemental to talk to, control over decisions affecting their lives, and better access to services. Studies indicated young people were fearful of child protection involvement. In conclusion, studies suggest young survivors unknown to child protection services need a higher level of confidential services and more control of their information. Further research involving young survivors in participatory methods is needed to explore issues of confidentiality, survivor participation, and fear of child protection agencies.
(Edited publisher abstract)
Subject terms:
systematic reviews, literature reviews, user views, qualitative research, child sexual abuse, young people, survivors, confidentiality, privacy, health care, service users, access to information;