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Learning disability health toolkit
- Author:
- TURNING POINT
- Publisher:
- Turning Point
- Publication year:
- 2016
- Pagination:
- 111
- Place of publication:
- Leamington Spa
This toolkit is designed to help making sure that people with learning disabilities are healthy and well, improving the knowledge, skills and confidence of staff in advocating and monitoring the healthcare needs of people with learning difficulties. The toolkit provides essential information around consent and capacity, primary and secondary care and mental health. It describes a number of common medical conditions, including conditions relating to men’s health and women’s health, and explains in detail what to look for, what actions to take and how to monitor effectively. (Edited publisher abstract)
Day care settings: minimum standards
- Author:
- NORTHERN IRELAND. Department of Health, Social Services and Public Safety
- Publisher:
- Northern Ireland. Department of Health, Social Services and Public Safety
- Publication year:
- 2012
- Pagination:
- 115p.
- Place of publication:
- Belfast
This document sets out minimum standards for day care settings in Northern Ireland whether provided by the independent or statutory sectors. The standards specify the arrangements, facilities and procedures that need to be in place to ensure the delivery of a quality service. These services are targeted at persons aged 18 years and over. They are designed to meet the assessed needs of individuals for care, support, supervision or rehabilitation by reason of mental illness, functional impairment, cognitive impairment, learning disability, ill-health, age, family, or life circumstances. These standards apply to a place where persons in need of prescribed services may attend for the purposes of assessment, rehabilitation or counselling but where they are not provided with board or accommodation; day care delivered in a residential care or nursing home setting, as appropriate; and services provided as outreach from a day care setting, as relevant and appropriate.
A pilot service for adults with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder: a descriptive study
- Author:
- EDWIN Febin
- Journal article citation:
- Advances in Mental Health and Intellectual Disabilities, 5(4), 2011, pp.47-52.
- Publisher:
- Emerald
This study explored the co-morbid health needs of adults with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) presenting to a pilot adult ADHD service at the Wear Valleys NHS Foundation Trust, Darlington, UK. It focused on the epidemiologic data such as total number of referrals, source of referrals, sex ratio, follow-up treatments, and co-morbid diagnosis between March and October 2009. Participants included 105 adults aged 18-65 years including adults with mild intellectual disabilities. The commonest source of referral was from general practice, with 60 referrals. New diagnosis of adult ADHD was 47. Over 80% of the patients were males. Fifty five adults with ADHD had a co-morbid diagnosis, and 4 of the referrals were from the adult learning disability services. The author concluded that the findings from this study highlight a significant gap in diagnostic services for adults with ADHD who present with high rates of co-morbidity.
Physical conditions and challenging behaviour in people with intellectual disability: a systematic review
- Authors:
- WINTER C. F. de, JANSEN A. A. C., EVENHUIS H.M.
- Journal article citation:
- Journal of Intellectual Disability Research, 55(7), July 2011, pp.675-698.
- Publisher:
- Wiley
Challenging behaviour is a major problem among people with intellectual disabilities. There are multiple causes of challenging behaviour, of which physical factors may be an important one. The aim of this systematic review was to determine the physical conditions associated with challenging behaviour. A literature search was conducted in PubMed and the Cochrane systematic review database for empirical studies published between 1990 and 2008 with a minimum sample size of 5 participants. The search identified 45 studies. These were allocated to 8 different categories: general medical conditions; motor impairment; epilepsy; sensory impairment; gastrointestinal disease; sleep disorders; dementia; and others. There were 4 high-quality observational studies, 7 well-conducted observational studies, 21 observational studies of low methodological quality, and 13 non-analytical studies. There were significant and independent associations between challenging behaviours and urinary incontinence, pain related to cerebral palsy, and chronic sleep problems, and between self-injurious behaviour and visual impairment. No association was found with hearing impairment, bowel incontinence, mobility impairment or epilepsy. Many other physical conditions were not addressed at all. The article concludes that medical conditions can play a role in challenging behaviour, and this should be evaluated in the clinical setting. Recommendations for further research are discussed.
Intellectual disability and ill health: a review of the evidence
- Editors:
- O'HARA Jean, McCARTHY Jane, BOURAS Nick (eds.)
- Publisher:
- Cambridge University Press
- Publication year:
- 2010
- Pagination:
- 246p.
- Place of publication:
- Cambridge
Whether for reasons of difficulties in communication, diagnostic overshadowing, discrimination or indifference, people with intellectual disability often have health needs that go unrecognised and untreated. There is concern that public health measures aimed at reducing the main health killers in the population will not address these issues for people with intellectual disability and therefore widen the inequality that already exists. The editors draw together a systematic review of physical (arranged by body system) and mental health co-morbidities in people with intellectual disability. Both physical and mental disorders are included as well as aetiology and general health issues. The writers aim is to provide an evidence base for shaping public health policy, healthcare commissioning and the development of more effective healthcare systems, as well as supporting better understanding and practice at an individual clinical level.
Caring for the physical and mental health of people with learning disabilities
- Authors:
- PERRY David, et al
- Publisher:
- Jessica Kingsley
- Publication year:
- 2010
- Pagination:
- 176p.
- Place of publication:
- London
The authors suggest that although people with learning disabilities are at greater risk of physical and psychiatric illness than the majority of the population their health needs are not always adequately supported. This book is a practical guide for those caring for people with learning disabilities who live in community settings. It aims to help carers better understand what the service users' health needs may be, how to recognise problems, and how to meet these needs. Subjects discussed include: physical health issues such as epilepsy, common health problems and diet and well-being; mental health issues such as dementia, depression, bipolar disorder and anxiety; and information related to common difficulties such as sleep and swallowing problems. The final section of the book focuses on accessing services, screening programmes, health checks, and when admission to psychiatric care is required. An appendix looks at genetic causes of learning disability and a glossary and references are provided.
Depressive symptoms in older female carers of adults with intellectual disabilities
- Authors:
- CHOU Y. C., et al
- Journal article citation:
- Journal of Intellectual Disability Research, 54(12), December 2010, pp.1031-1044.
- Publisher:
- Wiley
This study aimed to examine the prevalence and factors associated with depressive symptoms among primary older female family carers of adults with intellectual disabilities. In total, 350 female family carers aged 55 and older took part and completed the interview survey in their homes. The survey package contained standardised scales to assess carer self-reported depressive symptoms, social support, caregiving burden and disease and health, as well as adult and carer sociodemographic information. Multiple linear regressions were used to identify the factors associated with high depressive symptoms. The results showed that between 64% and 72% of these carers were classified as having high depressive symptoms. The factors associated with carer self-reported depressive symptoms were carer physical health, social support and caregiving burden; overall, the carer self-reported physical health was a stronger factor associated with depressive symptoms than their physical disease status. The level of the adult with intellectual disabilities' behavioural functioning and the carer age, marital status, employment status, education level and the family income level were not significantly associated with carer depressive symptoms. The results highlight the importance of addressing the healthcare of these carers, including physical care, mental care and support needs.
Children's delayed development and behavior problems: impact on mothers' perceived physical health across early childhood
- Authors:
- EISENHOWER Abbey Severance, BAKER Bruce L., BLANCHER Jan
- Journal article citation:
- Social Science and Medicine, 68(1), January 2009, pp.89-99.
- Publisher:
- Elsevier
Mothers of children with developmental delays may experience poorer psychological well-being than other mothers; however, little research has examined how delayed development in children might predict mothers' perceived physical well-being. Children with delayed development manifest heightened behaviour problems, which may negatively affect maternal well-being. The authors examined the associations between developmental delay and behaviour problems at child age 3 and mothers' self-perceived physical health at child ages 3, 4, and 5, in families of 218 children with and without developmental delays. The study sample comprised 218 families from central Pennsylvania and Southern California, USA who were recruited through community agencies that provide diagnostic and intervention services for individuals with development difficulties. Results found that mothers of children with delayed development at age 3 reported poorer concurrent and later physical health than mothers of children with typical development. Broadening the analyses to include not only child development status (delayed development versus typical development) but also child behaviour problems at age 3, only child behaviour problems and the interaction of development status and behaviour problems, but not development status itself, predicted maternal health. Early child behaviour problems contributed to later maternal health above and beyond early maternal health, suggesting a possible causal association between child behaviour problems and mothers' physical health. The relation between child behaviour problems and maternal health was moderated by mothers' parenting stress and mediated by depressive symptoms. Mothers of children with both delayed development and high behaviour problems are a particular risk group that may be especially in need of early intervention. Further research should examine the behavioural and biological pathways by which these child-related stressors influence mothers' physical health.
Healthcare for all: the Independent Inquiry into Access to Healthcare for People with Learning Disabilities
- Authors:
- MICHAEL Jonathan, RICHARDSON Anne
- Journal article citation:
- Tizard Learning Disability Review, 13(4), December 2008, pp.28-34.
- Publisher:
- Emerald
The Independent Inquiry into Access to Healthcare for People with Learning Disabilities reported in July 2008. The Inquiry found evidence of a significant level of avoidable suffering due to untreated ill-health, and the likelihood that avoidable deaths are occurring. This article summarises the key findings of the Michael Inquiry, and a summary of the recommendations given to the Secretary of State of Health in July 2008.
Improving access to primary care
- Authors:
- SEYMOUR Linda, MORRIS Brigid
- Journal article citation:
- Mental Health Today, September 2007, pp.33-35.
- Publisher:
- Pavilion
- Place of publication:
- Hove
In 2006 the Disability Rights Commission completed a formal enquiry into the inequalities in physical health and care experienced by people with mental health problems and learning disabilities. As part of this inquiry the Sainsbury Centre for Mental Health interviewed mental health service users, people with learning disabilities, carers and health and social care professionals, managers, GP reception staff and advocates in three primary care trust areas in England and one local health board in Wales. This article reports findings from this research, highlighting both problems areas and examples of good practice. The article also suggests solutions that may help to address the inequalities in physical health and care experienced by people with mental health problem and learning disabilities.