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Traumatic brain injury: a social worker primer with implications for practice
- Authors:
- BAKER Kimberly A., TANDY Cynthia C., DIXON Danny R.
- Journal article citation:
- Journal of Social Work in Disability and Rehabilitation, 1(4), 2002, pp.25-43.
- Publisher:
- Taylor and Francis
- Place of publication:
- Philadelphia, USA
Traumatic Brain Injury (TBI) is a devastating medical condition that can happen to anyone at anytime, despite precautions. This paper provides details regarding etiology, symptoms, prognosis, and treatment of TBI. Patients and families usually require assistance and direction from several healthcare professionals, including social workers, both during and after the initial period of hospitalization and rehabilitation. After a brief discussion of interventions at several levels, the paper concludes with a focus on both the individual and the family, and how social workers in the hospital or rehabilitation clinic can intervene to assist the patient and family members in learning and using more effective methods of coping. Implications for social work practice are included. (Copies of this article are available from: Haworth Document Delivery Centre Haworth Press Inc., 10 Alice Street Binghamton, NY 13904-1580)
Physical abuse and childhood disability: risk and treatment factors
- Author:
- AMMERMAN Robert T.
- Journal article citation:
- Journal of Aggression Maltreatment and Trauma, 1(1), 1997, pp.207-224.
- Publisher:
- Taylor and Francis
Several authors have hypothesised that children with disabilities are at increased risk for physical abuse. Such a finding would be consistent with current ecological models, which posit that certain child characteristics (e.g., behaviour problems) in combination with other risk factors can lead to abuse. However, the few studies conducted suggest that child characteristics play a minor role in the aetiology of abuse. This article reviews the literature linking abuse and disability as a risk factor. In addition, impediments encountered in the assessment and treatment of abused children with disabilities and their families are discussed and guidelines for practice are presented.
Providing medical evaluations for possible child maltreatment to children with special health care needs
- Authors:
- GIARDINO Angelo P., HUDSON Karen M., MARSH Judith
- Journal article citation:
- Child Abuse and Neglect, 27(10), October 2003, pp.1179-1186.
- Publisher:
- Elsevier
Children with special health care needs are known to be at increased risk of all forms of child maltreatment when compared to children without such needs. The authors describe a health care team's experience providing medical evaluations for suspected child maltreatment to children with special health care needs. Consecutive cases seen as outpatients in the Abuse Referral Clinic for Children with Disabilities were abstracted and analyzed. Mail and telephone follow-up contact was attempted after the medical evaluation to determine adherence with treatment recommendations. A subsample of cases for which complete financial information was available was reviewed to determine a reimbursement rate. During the study, 49 children received complete outpatient evaluations. Ages ranged from 3 to 16 years old, and 54% were males. Special needs spanned a wide range of physical, developmental/cognitive and behavioral conditions. The largest number of referrals came from child protective services (42%) followed by referrals from physicians (27%). After the team's comprehensive evaluation, 18% of the children were found to have a history or physical examination that was diagnostic for child maltreatment, 13% were thought to be at high risk, 25% were thought to be at low risk and 44% were thought to have non-abusive etiologies. The collection rate was 14% for an average reimbursement of $38 per case. Only 29 caregivers could be found at follow-up and 22 remembered the recommendations made by the team. Of the 25 cases that were referred for outpatient mental health counseling, 12 (48%) complied. Children with a wide range of special health care needs were evaluated in an outpatient special health care needs clinic that offered comprehensive medical evaluations for possible child maltreatment. Medical evaluation services for this group of children were poorly reimbursed. Mental health services were frequently recommended but often not accessed. Child maltreatment teams seeking to serve children with special health care needs will need to plan for service delivery to a potentially diverse group of children and families who may experience difficulty in carrying through on the team's treatment recommendations.
Health blossoms in the garden
- Author:
- HOPKINS Graham
- Journal article citation:
- Community Care, 24.07.03, 2003, pp.42-43.
- Publisher:
- Reed Business Information
Gardening and horticulture can enable people to increase their self-esteem and confidence, learn or relearn skills, and keep or improve their quality of life. Working gardens, such as the ones run by the horticultural therapy charity Thrive, provide a sensory environment in which it is not only plants that grow but service users, too. This article describes the activities of one participant who has HIV and a physical disability.
The mentally retarded person as a victim of maltreatment
- Authors:
- VERDUGO M.A., BERMEJO B.G.
- Journal article citation:
- Aggression and Violent Behavior, 2(2), Summer 1997, pp.143-165.
- Publisher:
- Elsevier
Throughout history, disabled people have been an especially vulnerable group to maltreatment practices. This article reviews the main conclusions drawn from recent publications on the maltreatment of people with learning difficulties. Goes on to consider whether learning difficulties are the cause or the consequence of maltreatment, the vulnerability factors related to disability, and the main risk situations. Presents reflections from more specific studies, such as the relationship between sexual abuse and learning difficulties; and proposes some current prevention and treatment strategies.