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The disability rights movement in Japan: past present and future
- Authors:
- HAYASHI Reiko, OKUHIRA Masako
- Journal article citation:
- Disability and Society, 16(6), October 2001, pp.855-869.
- Publisher:
- Taylor and Francis
Introduces the history of the modern disability rights movement in Japan, which has been a driving force for change in social norms and policies, and for improving the lives of disabled persons and their families. It presents the traditional social norms and policies that resulted in the confinement of disabled people in their parents' homes and in institutions, a radical movement of people with cerebral palsy active in 1960-1980s, the emergence of the independent living movement in 1980s, and the current disability rights movement and its future challenges.
Another door closes
- Author:
- FRANCIS Joy
- Journal article citation:
- Community Care, 20.8.92, 1992, p.7.
- Publisher:
- Reed Business Information
Following a recent government ruling, disabled people are finding it difficult to employ personal assistants. Looks at their struggle to maintain their rights.
The development of direct payments in the UK: implications for social justice
- Authors:
- RIDDELL Sheila, et al
- Journal article citation:
- Social Policy and Society, 4(1), January 2005, pp.75-85.
- Publisher:
- Cambridge University Press
Direct payments have been heralded by the disability movement as an important means to achieving independent living and hence greater social justice for disabled people through enhanced recognition as well as financial redistribution. Drawing on data from the ESRC funded project Disabled People and Direct Payments: A UK Comparative Perspective, this paper presents an analysis of policy and official statistics on use of direct payments across the UK. It is argued that the potential of direct payments has only partly been realised as a result of very low and uneven uptake within and between different parts of the UK. This is accounted for in part by resistance from some Labour-controlled local authorities, which regard direct payments as a threat to public sector jobs. In addition, access to direct payments has been uneven across impairment groups. However, from a very low base there has been a rapid expansion in the use of direct payments over the past three years. The extent to which direct payments are able to facilitate the ultimate goal of independent living for disabled people requires careful monitoring.
Independent living and community care: a disempowering framework
- Author:
- MORRIS Jenny
- Journal article citation:
- Disability and Society, 19(5), August 2004, pp.427-442.
- Publisher:
- Taylor and Francis
The British disability movement has had significant achievements in its struggle for independent living. However, the current community care framework contains many barriers to independent living. This article sets out a conceptual framework for an understanding of independent living and provides an analysis of the barriers posed by the social care system. These range from financial incentives for placing disabled people in residential care, to a failure to address needs relating to employment, parenting and leisure. Disabling attitudes held by social services professionals about 'risk' and 'capacity' are also major barriers. It is clear that, unless the legislative framework is amended to include an entitlement to independent living, disabled people will continue to be denied their full human and civil rights.
Direct payments
- Author:
- HOLMSTROM Radhika
- Journal article citation:
- Care and Health Guide, 12, April 2002, pp.9-10.
- Publisher:
- Care and Health
Direct payments promised to lead empowered disabled service users into the promised land of self-determination. However, far fewer people have taken up the scheme than expected. Looks at what could have gone wrong, and how it might be put right.
Is the independent living movement about liberation or oppression?
- Author:
- STEVENS Simon
- Journal article citation:
- Community Living, 14(4), April 2001, pp.10-11.
- Publisher:
- Hexagon Publishing
Argues that it is time the independent living movement stopped thinking about disabled people in stereotypes and focused on their opportunities for real living.
Autonomy in everyday life, for whom?
- Author:
- BARRON Karin
- Journal article citation:
- Disability and Society, 16(3), May 2001, pp.431-447.
- Publisher:
- Taylor and Francis
A disability reform came into force in Sweden in 1994 which emphasises the importance for disabled people of increased autonomy and self determination in everyday life. Interviews with disabled women and men have shown that while there are those who, because of the legislation, have increased control in their everyday living, there are also those who in no way have benefited from this reform. Some of the disabled participants had not even heard of the legislation before the time of the interview. They are in a situation where they require support, which they do not have, in order to apply for services of their choice and, if necessary, appeal against negative decisions with regard to the applied for services. Concludes with a discussion about the Janus-faced nature of individual rights.
Home help
- Author:
- HIRST Judy
- Journal article citation:
- Community Care, 17.10.96, 1996, p.11.
- Publisher:
- Reed Business Information
Describes how new housing legislation could undermine the rights of disabled people to a decent home and independent living, and leave them at the mercy of private sector landlords.
Disability rights in practice: the relationship between human rights and social rights in contemporary social care
- Author:
- ELLIS Kathryn
- Journal article citation:
- Disability and Society, 20(7), December 2005, pp.691-704.
- Publisher:
- Taylor and Francis
Using the contemporary arena of social care as an example, this article challenges the either/or dichotomy set up by some disability writers and activists between the favoured civil and human rights on the one hand and discredited social rights on the other. This article draws on the example of social care in England to argue that this is an approach that not only misreads the true nature of civil and human rights, but also limits the possibilities for using the 1998 Human Rights Act to place pressure on both local authorities and professional assessors for the resources necessary to transform civil and human rights into practical realities. In particular, the potential for expanding disabled people’s social rights to both direct services and direct payments by enforcing the positive obligations on public authorities conferred by human rights legislation and challenging rationing regimes.
Improving the life chances of disabled people: final report
- Author:
- GREAT BRITAIN. Cabinet Office. Prime Minister's Strategy Unit
- Publisher:
- Great Britain. Cabinet Office. Prime Minister's Strategy Unit
- Publication year:
- 2005
- Pagination:
- 244p.
- Place of publication:
- London
This report sets out an ambitious programme of action that will bring disabled people fully within the scope of the “opportunity society”. By supporting disabled people to help themselves, a step change can be achieved in the participation and inclusion of disabled people. The report proposes that the Government should set an ambitious vision for improving the life chances of disabled people. Future strategy for disabled people should seek to realise this vision through practical measures in four key areas. (1) Helping disabled people to achieve independent living by moving progressively to individual budgets for disabled people, drawing together the services to which they are entitled and giving them greater choice over the mix of support they receive in the form of cash and/or direct provision of services. (2) Improving support for families with young disabled children by ensuring families of disabled children benefit from childcare and early education provided to all children; meeting the extra needs of families with disabled children; and ensuring services are centred on disabled children and their families, not on processes and funding streams. (3) Facilitating a smooth transition into adulthood by putting in place improved mechanisms for effective planning for the transition to adulthood and the support that goes with this; removing “cliff edges” in service provision; and giving disabled young people access to a more transparent and more appropriate menu of opportunities and choices. (4) Improving support and incentives for getting and staying in employment by ensuring that support is available well before a benefit claim is made; reforming the gateway onto entitlements; providing effective work-focused training for disabled people; and improving Access to Work.