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When work and satisfaction with life do not go hand in hand: health barriers and personal resources in the participation of people with chronic physical disabilities
- Authors:
- van CAMPEN Cretien, CARDOL Mieke
- Journal article citation:
- Social Science and Medicine, 69(1), July 2009, pp.56-60.
- Publisher:
- Elsevier
People with chronic physical disabilities participate less in both paid and voluntary work and are less satisfied with their lives than people without health problems. Governments and scientists have suggested that participation in employment is the main road to well-being. National survey data was on the participation in work and satisfaction with life was analysed, comparing people with a chronic illness and a physical disability (n = 603) to people with a chronic illness but without a physical disability (n = 1199) and the general population (n = 6128) in the Netherlands. The results show that the relationship between happiness and work is different for people with a chronic illness and a physical disability, as compared to the other two populations. Fewer people with a chronic illness and disability were categorized as ‘satisfied people with work’ (i.e. participating in work and satisfied with their life), while most people belonged to a group of ‘satisfied people without work’ and, surprisingly, not to the expected group of ‘dissatisfied people without work’. In order to explain this exceptional distribution the authors modelled satisfied participation in work as an outcome of a balance between personal resources and barriers. By means of discriminant regression analysis, the severity of motor disability was identified as the main barrier, and education level and age, as the main resource factors that distinguish between ‘satisfied people with work’ and others among the group of people with a chronic illness and a physical disability.
What happens to people before and after disability? Focusing effect, lead effects and adaptations in different areas of life
- Author:
- POWDTHAVEE Nattavudh
- Journal article citation:
- Social Science and Medicine, 69(12), December 2009, pp.1834-1844.
- Publisher:
- Elsevier
Data from the British Household Panel Survey is used to examine what happens to people in seven areas of life with regard to when and to what extent these areas are affected by mild and severe disability. The longitudinal survey asked mildly and seriously disabled respondents to indicate how satisfied they were with their health, income, housing, partner, job, social life and the amount and use of leisure time. Analysis of the results implies that while adaptation to mild disability seems to be complete within three years of occurrence, there is little evidence of quick adaptation to serious disability. It also reveals some lead effects to becoming disabled in terms of income, housing, partner, social life and use of leisure time, although the patterns of these are not as clear cut as observed in the health domain. The paper offers a statistical model, which could be used in future to investigate life events other than health issues, such as marriage and unemployment.
Factors associated with frailty in chronically ill older adults
- Author:
- HACKSTAFF Lynn
- Journal article citation:
- Social Work in Health Care, 48(8), November 2009, pp.798-811.
- Publisher:
- Taylor and Francis
- Place of publication:
- Philadelphia, USA
An ex post facto analysis of a secondary dataset examined relationships between physical frailty, depression and the self-perceived domains of health status and quality-of-life in older adults. The randomised sample included 992 community-dwelling, chronically ill and functionally impaired adults age 65 and older who received care from a Southern California Kaiser Permanente medical centre between 1998 and 2002. The purpose of the study was to identify possible intervention junctures related to self-efficacy of older adults in order to help optimise their functionality. Multivariate correlation analyses showed statistically significant positive correlations between frailty level and depression (r = .18; p = < .05), number of medical conditions (r = .09; p = < .05), and self-rated quality-of-life (r = .24; p = < .05). Frailty level showed a statistically significant negative correlation with self-perceived health status (r = -.25; p = < .05). Notably, no statistically significant correlation was found between age and frailty level (r = -.03; p = < .05). In linear regression, self-perceived health status had a partial variance with frailty level (part r = -.18). The significant correlations found support further research to identify interventions to help vulnerable, older adults challenge self-perceived capabilities so that they may achieve optimum functionality through increased physical activity earlier on, and increased self-efficacy to support successful adaptation to ageing-related losses.
Family quality of life: a framework for policy and social service provisions to support families of children with disabilities
- Authors:
- WANG Mian, BROWN Roy
- Journal article citation:
- Journal of Family Social Work, 12(2), April 2009, pp.144-167.
- Publisher:
- Taylor and Francis
- Place of publication:
- Philadelphia, USA
This article provides an overview of conceptualisation, measurement and application of family quality of life (FQoL). The authors delineate how this concept has been increasingly recognised by policy makers, researchers and practitioners in the context of family supports for families of children with intellectual and developmental disabilities. Policy, research and practice implications for the field of social work are discussed. The authors recommend that social workers and allied professionals should consider using a FQoL survey or scale to gain information about a family’s overall satisfaction with their family life across domains and should look for strengths and weaknesses in family domains among family members. In addition they should be aware that some families record satisfaction when they still need support. They should also consider likely future domain needs for the family and should look for ways to support the family, not just the child with a disability. They should recognise that there are large differences in satisfaction across FQoL domains. Finally, social workers should advocate in alliance with families for policy change toward the enhancement of FQoL for families of children with disabilities.
Interlocking oppressions: the effect of a comorbid physical disability on perceived stigma and discrimination among mental health consumers in Canada
- Authors:
- BAHM Allison, FORCHUK Cheryl
- Journal article citation:
- Health and Social Care in the Community, 17(1), February 2009, pp.63-70.
- Publisher:
- Wiley
People living with mental health problems often face stigma and discrimination; however, there is a lack of research that examines how comorbid conditions affect this perceived stigma. This study sought to determine whether people who have a comorbid physical and psychiatric disability experience more stigma than those with only a psychiatric disability. It also looked at how perceived stigma and discrimination affect physical and mental health. A secondary analysis on data from interviews with 336 former and current clients of the mental health system in a mid-size Canadian city in 2005 was performed. Of these, 203 (60.4%) reported they had a psychiatric disability, 112 (33.0%) reported that they had a physical disability, with 74 reporting both a psychiatric and a physical disability. People with a self-reported psychiatric disability and a self-reported comorbid physical disability faced more overall perceived discrimination/stigma (P = 0.04), than those with a psychiatric disability alone. Perceived discrimination/stigma was positively correlated with psychiatric problem severity, and negatively correlated with self-rated general health, physical condition, emotional well-being and life satisfaction. These results bring to light the aggravating effect of a physical disability on the perceived stigma for those living with a mental illness, and also strengthen the knowledge that stigma and discrimination have a negative impact on health. Healthcare providers should recognise this negative impact and screen for these comorbid conditions. Policy-makers should take measures such as improving access to housing and employment services to help reduce stigma and discrimination against this particularly vulnerable group.
Disability review 2009
- Authors:
- GREENHALGH Caroline, GORE Eleanor, (comps.)
- Publisher:
- Leonard Cheshire
- Publication year:
- 2009
- Pagination:
- 64p., bibliog.
- Place of publication:
- London
This is the third of a series of annual UK wide surveys produced by Leonard Cheshire Disability. The principal objective of the Review is to assess the experiences of disabled people across a number of key areas of life including: education; employment; health and social care; housing; transport and citizenship. It was compiled using responses to a detailed questionnaire that was completed by 1253 people drawn from across the UK. Respondents experienced a range of different impairments, were aged over 18 and included a mix of men and women, single and married, parents and non-parents. They were drawn from nine ethnic groups and from all regions of the UK.