Search results for ‘Subject term:"physical disabilities"’ Sort:
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Carers
- Author:
- BECKER Saul
- Journal article citation:
- Research Matters, 2001, pp.28-33.
- Publisher:
- Community Care
A new initiative to support carers in the United States mirrors the national carers strategy in the UK. But there are important differences, such as the role of insurance in the provision of long term care. Looks at some recent research studies, in particular a study to understand how long-term care insurance for disabled older people can affect the lives of their working care givers.
Shaping quality of life with nursing assistance. a grounded theory approach to nursing care for people with physical disabilities and interactions with carers in long-term care
- Authors:
- HELBIG Roman, METZING Sabine, LATTECK Anne-Dorte
- Journal article citation:
- Journal of Long-Term Care, January 2022, pp.1-14. Online only
- Publisher:
- King's College London
- Place of publication:
- London
Context: Although the number of people with physical disabilities who need nursing support is increasing, there is a lack of empirical knowledge about how they experience necessary care support. This knowledge is a prerequisite for enabling self-determination in the provision of care and for providing care based on needs and requirements. People with physical disabilities live in residential institutions and their own homes with the support of care services, and they are dependent on permanent nursing assistance. Objective: This qualitative grounded theory study describes the importance that people with physical disabilities ascribe to the provision of care and how they organise their cooperation with caregivers. Methods: Twenty-seven problem-centred interviews with people who had a permanent physical disability and a need for care were analysed using the grounded theory approach. Findings: People with physical disabilities and a need for care want to enhance their quality of life with assistance. Quality of life is influenced by their wishes regarding assistance, acceptance of the physical disability, (previous) experience with assistance and the possibility of actively influencing the implementation of necessary assistance. The development and maintenance of a friendly relationship with professional carers represent a strategy for achieving quality of life. Limitations: This study focuses on people with physical disabilities who receive care from a professional service. Questions about the influence on family carers remain unanswered. Implications: For successful social participation, people with physical disabilities should be supported by nursing professionals to identify and express their priorities and needs. (Edited publisher abstract)
Factors associated with the amount of public home care received by elderly and intellectually disabled individuals in a large Norwegian municipality
- Authors:
- DOHL Oystein, et al
- Journal article citation:
- Health and Social Care in the Community, 24(3), 2016, pp.297-308.
- Publisher:
- Wiley
This study reports an analysis of factors associated with home care use in a setting in which long-term care services are provided within a publicly financed welfare system. The study considered two groups of home care recipients: elderly individuals and intellectually disabled individuals. Routinely collected data on users of public home care in the municipality of Trondheim in October 2012, including 2493 people aged 67 years or older and 270 intellectually disabled people, were used. Multivariate regression analysis was used to analyse the relationship between the time spent in direct contact with recipients by public healthcare personnel and perceived individual determinants of home care use (i.e. physical disability, cognitive impairment, diagnoses, age and gender, as well as socioeconomic characteristics). Physical disability and cognitive impairment are routinely registered for long-term care users through a standardised instrument that is used in all Norwegian municipalities. Factor analysis was used to aggregate the individual items into composite variables that were included as need variables. Both physical disability and cognitive impairment were strong predictors of the amount of received care for both elderly and intellectually disabled individuals. The study identified a negative interaction effect between physical disability and cognitive impairment for elderly home care users. For elderly individuals, results also found significant positive associations between weekly hours of home care and having comorbidity, living alone, living in a service flat and having a safety alarm. The reduction in the amount of care for elderly individuals living with a cohabitant was substantially greater for males than for females. For intellectually disabled individuals, receiving services involuntarily due to severe behavioural problems was a strong predictor of the amount of care received. The analysis showed that routinely collected data capture important predictors of home care use and thus facilitate both short-term budgeting and long-term planning of home care services. (Edited publisher abstract)
Changes in health, mortality, and disability and their impact on long-term care needs
- Authors:
- MANTON Kenneth G., STALLARD Eric
- Journal article citation:
- Journal of Aging and Social Policy, 7(3/4), 1996, pp.25-52.
- Publisher:
- Routledge
- Place of publication:
- Philadelphia, USA
This article examines changes in the health of the U.S. elderly population using the 1982, 1994, and 1989 National Long Term Care Surveys. Both disability prevalence and active life expectancy changes are examined. Second, advances in treatments that improved prognoses and were cost-effective are examined. Third, changes in Medicare use-especially when biomedical advances allow some long-term care needs to be met by interventions in early disease stages - are considered. Results suggest that, while the amount of long term care services needed will increase rapidly, the types and amounts of services used by the U.S. elderly population will undergo significant change.
Who said dialogue conversations are easy? The communication between communication vulnerable people and health‐care professionals: a qualitative study
- Authors:
- STANS Steffy E.A., et al
- Journal article citation:
- Health Expectations, 21(5), 2018, pp.848-857. Online only
- Publisher:
- Wiley
Objective: To gain insight into how communication vulnerable people and health‐care professionals experience the communication in dialogue conversations, and how they adjust their conversation using augmentative and alternative communication (AAC) or other communication strategies. Methods: Communication vulnerable clients and health‐care professionals in a long‐term care institution were observed during a dialogue conversation (n = 11) and subsequently interviewed (n = 22) about their experiences with the conversation. The clients had various communication difficulties due to different underlying aetiologies, such as acquired brain injury or learning disorder. Results from the observations and interviews were analysed using conventional content analysis.Results: Seven key themes emerged regarding the experiences of clients and professionals: clients blame themselves for miscommunications; the relevance of both parties preparing the conversation; a quiet and familiar environment benefitting communication; giving clients enough time; the importance and complexity of nonverbal communication; the need to tailor communication to the client; prejudices and inexperience regarding AAC. The observations showed that some professionals had difficulties using appropriate communication strategies and all professionals relied mostly on verbal or nonverbal communication strategies. Conclusion: Professionals were aware of the importance of preparation, sufficient time, a suitable environment and considering nonverbal communication in dialogue conversations. However, they struggled with adequate use of communication strategies, such as verbal communication and AAC. There is a lack of knowledge about AAC, and professionals and clients need to be informed about the potential of AAC and how this can help them achieve equal participation in dialogue conversations in addition to other communication strategies. (Publisher abstract)
Physical health, mental health, and behaviour problems among early adolescents in foster care
- Authors:
- WOODS S.B., FARINEAU H.M., McWey L.M
- Journal article citation:
- Child: Care, Health and Development, 39(2), 2013, pp.220-227.
- Publisher:
- Wiley
Background: Adolescents with chronic illness in the general population are at increased risk of mental health and behaviour problems. Depression is also associated with delinquency. Adolescents in foster care are more at risk for chronic illness and mental health issues. The authors investigated whether adolescents in long-term foster care with chronic illness have associated higher rates of internalizing and externalising problems and delinquency. We also investigated if depression mediates the relationship between physical health and externalising behaviours. Methods: Data are from the National Survey of Child and Adolescent Well-Being; adolescents age 11 and older residing in long-term foster care (n= 188). Children whose caregivers reported on the occurrence of a chronic illness were compared using anova on internalising and externalizing subscale scores and total scores of the Youth Self Report (YSR) and Child Behavior Checklist (CBCL), and modified Self-Report of Delinquency (MSRD) scores of delinquency and total number of delinquent acts. Bootstrapping analyses were used to test our hypothesis that depressive symptoms (Children's Depression Inventory) function as a mediator. Results: Adolescents with a chronic illness reported greater internalizing (YSR: F= 7.069, P= 0.009; CBCL: F= 4.660, P= 0.032) and externalizing (YSR: F= 5.878, P= 0.016; CBCL: F= 3.546, P= 0.061) problems, a greater number of delinquent acts (6.66, F= 5.049, P= 0.026) and heightened overall delinquency (F= 5.049, P= 0.026). Depression significantly mediated the effects of overall health on delinquency (95% CI, 0.03–1.76). Conclusions: It is important to consider the complex interrelationships between physical health, mental health, and behaviour for adolescents in foster care. These findings support the need for comprehensive services for these youths, including specialised assessments and collaboration between protective services and healthcare systems. (Publisher abstract)
Impact of a multicomponent support services program on informal caregivers of adults aging with disabilities
- Authors:
- LAVELA Sherri L., et al
- Journal article citation:
- Journal of Gerontological Social Work, 55(2), February 2012, pp.160-174.
- Publisher:
- Taylor and Francis
- Place of publication:
- Philadelphia, USA
A multicomponent support services program was implemented for veterans aging with disabilities and their informal caregivers (n = 42 dyads, caregiver average age 56 years) living in Florida. The programme was provided through Social Work Services and targeted high risk families. It included 24 hour in-home respite care, caregiver group support, and education and skills training. It was designed to keep veterans in their home while providing temporary relief to family caregivers. Caregiver outcomes (satisfaction, physical and mental health status, burden, and benefits) were evaluated before and after program use. They reported significant improvements in mental health post-program. Those who provided care to individuals with impaired physical health experienced meaningful improvements in burden after the support services were implemented. The authors conclude that supporting caregiver health status through such programs is vital to preserve noninstitutional long-term care for persons aging with disabilities, particularly when care is provided over many years to an individual with physical impairments.
Supporting disabled parents: a family or a fragmented approach?
- Author:
- COMMISSION FOR SOCIAL CARE INSPECTION
- Publisher:
- Commission for Social Care Inspection
- Publication year:
- 2009
- Pagination:
- 55p.
- Place of publication:
- London
This CSCI report seeks to examine the experiences of disabled parents and their families and to see how far council policies, services and practice are providing appropriate support. The findings in this report are taken from a national survey of 50 councils; of the 70 interviews, 36 were conducted with representatives of adults’ services and 32 of children’s services, and two were conducted with a representative from each service jointly. To supplement the national picture, in-depth study workshops of services were conducted in four council areas. The report finds that many councils do not fully support disabled parents and their children.
The health of caregivers for children with disabilities: caregiver perspectives
- Authors:
- MURPHY N. A., et al
- Journal article citation:
- Child: Care, Health and Development, 33(2), March 2007, pp.180-187.
- Publisher:
- Wiley
There are an estimated 5.9 million children with severe disabilities in the USA, and most of them are cared for at home by their parents and families. Indirect evidence suggests that poor caregiver health may contribute to recurrent hospitalizations and out-of-home placements for children with chronic conditions and disabilities. Greater knowledge of caregiver health-related needs would allow for the improvement of existing services and the development of new strategies to sustain caregivers in their vital roles. This study explores caregiver perspectives of the health implications of long-term informal caregiving for children with disabilities. Forty parents/caregivers of children with disabilities residing in urban, suburban and rural regions of Utah completed questionnaires and participated in focus groups that explored their feelings regarding their current physical and emotional health and the factors that they viewed as either impairing or promoting their health. The sessions were audiotaped and transcribed. Summary statistics were generated for the questionnaire responses. Focus group content was analysed according to emerging themes and patterns in clusters of information. The caregiving experience was captured by five themes: (i) stress of caregiving; (ii) negative impact on caregiver health; (iii) sharing the burden; (iv) worry about the future; and (v) caregiver coping strategies. Forty-one per cent of the caregivers reported that their health had worsened over the past year, and attributed these changes to a lack of time, a lack of control and decreased psychosocial energy. Caregivers of children with disabilities describe negative physical, emotional and functional health consequences of long-term, informal caregiving. They have important insights regarding those aspects of caregiving that have positive and negative influences on their health. Interventions that address these issues may have the potential to positively impact caregiver health.
Cognitive impairment in older people: its implications for future demand for services and costs
- Authors:
- COMAS-HERRERA Adelina, et al
- Publisher:
- London School of Economics. Personal Social Services Research Unit
- Publication year:
- 2003
- Pagination:
- 50p.
- Place of publication:
- London
New research shows that unless more effective treatments are developed for Alzheimer's disease and other causes of cognitive impairment, there will be a substantial rise in the demand for long-term care services. The research also concludes that if treatments developed were to reduce the percentage of older people with severe cognitive impairment by only 1% per year, this would broadly offset the increasing long-term care costs due to rising numbers of older people. Researchers compared figures for 1998 with their projected figures for the year 2031, under a range of assumptions about future mortality and prevalence rates and future patterns of care. The study shows that the number of people with cognitive impairment in England is likely to rise by 66% from 461,000 to 765,000 between 1998 and 2031, faster than the number of people with physical disability only. The report implies that demand for long-term care will rise at a faster rate among those with cognitive impairment than projections based on the overall demand for long-term care would suggest.