Search results for ‘Subject term:"physical disabilities"’ Sort:
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Personal assistance for children and adolescents (0-18) with both physical and intellectual impairments
- Authors:
- MAYO-WILSON Evan, MONTGOMERY Paul, DENNIS Jane
- Journal article citation:
- Campbell Systematic Reviews, 4(1), 2008, pp.1-30.
- Publisher:
- Wiley
This systematic review aimed to assess the effectiveness of personal assistance for children and adolescents with both physical and intellectual impairments, and the impacts of personal assistance on others, compared to other interventions. Personal assistance is defined as paid support of at least 20 hours per week for people with impairments to enable them to participate in mainstream activities. The report focuses and the methodology used in the review; Electronic databases were searched from 1980 to June 2005; reference lists were checked; 345 experts, organisations, government bodies and charities were contacted in an attempt to locate relevant research. The review identified no studies that met the inclusion criteria. (Edited publisher abstract)
Abuse of the disabled child: a systematic review of population-based studies
- Authors:
- GOVINDSHENOY N., SPENCER N.
- Journal article citation:
- Child: Care, Health and Development, 33(5), September 2007, pp.552-558.
- Publisher:
- Wiley
Systematic review of population-based studies published between 1966 and January 2006. Medline, Embase, Cinahl, Cochrane library, National Research Register, Social Sciences database and PsychInfo databases were searched for potentially relevant studies. Inclusion criteria: population-based cohort, case–control or cross-sectional studies of children <18 years of age that reported empirical data on the association of abuse with disability. Risk estimates were expressed as odds ratios with 95% confidence intervals (CI) where possible. Meta-analysis was not undertaken because of heterogeneity of studies. Four studies met the inclusion criteria. Two were longitudinal studies, one was a retrospective birth cohort and the remaining study was a cross-sectional survey. Types of disability studied varied widely as did methods used to ascertain abuse and neglect. Two studies accounted for potential confounding. Three studies reported an association between psychological and emotional disabilities and abuse. Two studies reported an association of learning disability with abuse. Only one study examined the association of physical disability (cerebral palsy) with abuse reporting an adjusted odds ratio for all forms of abuse of 1.79 (95% CI 0.96, 3.36) and for physical abuse of 3.00 (95% CI 1.29, 6.78). The evidence base for an association of disability with abuse and neglect is weak. Psychological and emotional problems, and learning difficulties appear to be associated with abuse but this association might arise because these conditions share a common aetiological pathway with abuse. There is limited evidence that physical disability predisposes to abuse.
Personal assistance for adults (19-64) with both physical and intellectual impairments
- Authors:
- MAYO-WILSON Evan, MONTGOMERY Paul, DENNIS Jane
- Journal article citation:
- Campbell Systematic Reviews, 4(1), 2008, pp.1-46.
- Publisher:
- Wiley
This systematic review aimed to assesses the effectiveness of personal assistance for adults with physical and intellectual impairments, and the impacts of personal assistance on others, compared to other interventions. Adults with permanent physical and intellectual impairments living in the community who require assistance to perform tasks of daily living and participate in everyday activities were included. Electronic databases were searched from 1980 to June 2005; reference lists were checked; 345 experts, organisations, government bodies and charities were contacted in an attempt to locate relevant research. The review identified two studies that met the inclusion criteria, which included 1002 participants. The review found personal assistance may have some benefits for some recipients and their informal caregivers. Paid assistance probably substitutes for informal care and may cost government more than alternatives; however, some evidence suggests it may reduce costs. Further studies are required to determine which models of personal assistance are most effective and efficient for particular people. (Edited publisher abstract)
The effectiveness of short breaks in families where there are children with disabilities: a systematic review of the evidence
- Author:
- SNEDDON Helga
- Publisher:
- Northern Ireland. Health and Social Care Board
- Publication year:
- 2017
- Pagination:
- 103
- Place of publication:
- Belfast
Summarises evidence on the outcomes and impacts of short breaks for children and young people with disabilities and their families. The review included short break and respite care for young people aged up to 21 years with disabilities, either physical or severe emotional/ behavioural problems. Studies were excluded if the focus was on children with life-limiting conditions or palliative care. Searches were conducted on a range of databases in 2017 and results were screened for relevance. A total of 475 relevant articles were identified as relevant. The review identified very few robust evaluations of respite and short breaks provision, where the impact is compared to families who have not received the same support. However, it found some promising evidence of the effectiveness of short breaks and respite provision for families with children with disabilities. The review found evidence that short breaks and respite are very highly valued by families as a useful support in helping them cope; that they positively impact on the wellbeing of carers; that family relationships and stress levels improve; and some studies noted an increase in children's independence, social skills, social awareness, interests and confidence. Although there is some promising evidence, the review found insufficient robust evidence to fully assess the effectiveness of in-home respite provision. The review makes recommendations to inform short break care practice in Northern Ireland. (Edited publisher abstract)
An overview of systematic reviews to determine the impact of socio-environmental factors on health outcomes of people with disabilities
- Authors:
- MITCHELL Rebecca J., et al
- Journal article citation:
- Health and Social Care in the Community, early cite November 2021,
- Publisher:
- Wiley
People with disabilities are often subject to intersecting layers of social and economic disadvantage and other barriers that drive health inequity. As a result, they frequently experience worse health than people without disabilities, beyond the direct effects of their health condition or impairment. The aim of this overview of systematic reviews was to summarise the evidence on the impact of socio-environmental factors (i.e. social, physical or attitudinal) on the health outcomes of disabled people. A systematic search of five databases (MEDLINE, PsycINFO, Embase, CINAHL and Scopus) for English-language articles from January 2000 to April 2021 was conducted. Abstracts were screened by two reviewers and reviews were critically appraised. Key data were extracted by topic, population, disability type, critical appraisal method, socio-environmental themes and health outcomes. There were 23 systematic reviews identified examining adult (60.9%) or child and young (8.7%) disabled people, with 30.4% not specifying an age range. Reviews examined people with neurological or physical (39.1%), intellectual (17.4%), sensory (8.7%) or a range of (34.8%) disabilities. Three key health outcomes (i.e. access to healthcare, health-promoting behaviour and care quality) and several recurring socio-environmental themes related to the health outcomes of disabled people were identified. Disabled people encounter common social, physical and attitudinal factors that hinder their health outcomes in terms of access to services and quality healthcare. Many preventive health services were identified as either inaccessible or not meeting the needs of disabled people. Greater involvement of disabled people in service design and awareness raising is essential. (Edited publisher abstract)
Family factors associated with participation of children with disabilities: a systematic review
- Authors:
- ARAKELYAN Stella, et al
- Journal article citation:
- Developmental Medicine and Child Neurology, early cite 6 January 2019,
- Publisher:
- John Wiley and Sons
Aim: The aim of this review was to synthesize empirical evidence of family factors associated with participation of children with disabilities aged 5 to 12 years to inform the development of family‐centred participation‐fostering interventions. Method: A systematic search was performed for articles published in English between 2001 and 2017 in MEDLINE, PsycINFO, CINAHL, Scopus, and ASSIA following the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Review and Meta‐Analysis (PRISMA) guidelines. Quality of evidence was appraised using the Research Triangle Institute Item Bank. Family factors associated with participation were identified and assessed using a multistage ‘semi‐quantitative’ approach. Results: Thirty studies were included in the review. Four non‐modifiable ‘status’ factors consistently associated with participation were parental ethnicity, parental education, family type, and family socio‐economic status. Six modifiable ‘process’ factors with consistent associations with participation were parental mental and physical health functioning, parental self‐efficacy beliefs, parental support, parental time, family preferences, and activity orientation. Interpretation: Rehabilitation professionals should direct their focus towards modifiable family factors as primary targets for family‐centred interventions. Strategies that can improve families’ access to information, counselling, and community support services are likely to support children's participation by empowering families and optimizing their health and well‐being. (Edited publisher abstract)