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The use and abuse of models of disability
- Authors:
- LLEWELLYN A., HOGAN K.
- Journal article citation:
- Disability and Society, 15(1), January 2000, pp.157-165.
- Publisher:
- Taylor and Francis
Throughout history, theorists have made use of the technology of the day to provide explanatory models of the behaviour they observe in order to provide an improved understanding of human behaviour. This article shows that models do have their place within disability research and discusses the implications of using the medical and social models of disability, together with two models from development psychology, namely the transactional model and systems theory, will be discussed. Argues that the usage of these models can aid understanding of disability in both research and clinical settings.
Writing disability history: problems perspectives and sources
- Author:
- BREDBERG Elizabeth
- Journal article citation:
- Disability and Society, 14(2), March 1999, pp.189-201.
- Publisher:
- Taylor and Francis
This paper presents a critique of the uses of history that currently predominate within disability studies and also offers suggestions for ways in which disability history may be made more relevant to the emancipatory role of the discipline, more rigorous and more complete.
A model of self-determination
- Authors:
- GILSON Stephen French, DePOY Elizabeth
- Journal article citation:
- Journal of Social Work in Disability and Rehabilitation, 3(4), 2004, pp.3-17.
- Publisher:
- Taylor and Francis
- Place of publication:
- Philadelphia, USA
Social work literature and practice are replete with reference to the concepts of self-determination, choice, empowerment, and self-advocacy. These concepts take on particular importance when considered in relation to individuals with disabilities and to the work of social work professionals with disabled individuals. However, despite a common perception that general understanding and agreement on the meaning and actualization of these concepts exists, there is significant variation among individuals and groups in how the concepts are defined and used. In this discussion the authors clarify the terms and place them in a contextual model comprised of three axes: foundation, thinking, and action. (Copies of this article are available from: Haworth Document Delivery Centre, Haworth Press Inc., 10 Alice Street, Binghamton, NY 13904-1580)
BSW students favor strengths/empowerment-based generalist practice
- Author:
- COX Leavelle A.
- Journal article citation:
- Families in Society, 82(3), May 2001, pp.305-313.
- Publisher:
- The Alliance for Children and Families
This article discusses the results of incorporating the strengths approach into a curriculum that employed a theoretical framework based on systems theory and problem-focused intervention. This approach was introduced in the USA in bachelor of social work (BSW) generalist practice courses in a school of social work where social justice is the guiding principle. BSW students used the strengths approach across a variety of client systems including the homeless, pregnant teenagers, the elderly, and the mentally and physically challenged. In a final class assignment, the students presented successful intervention outcomes with diverse populations using clients' strengths as the focus of problem resolution. The students' stories of their work and the use of this method for instruction showed evidence of clients' development of self-efficacy, increased self-esteem, and with clients taking more personal responsibility for their own change. The empowerment/strengths model developed by the author illustrates collaborative intervention with client and practitioner and applies a synergistic process to BSW students' practice with individuals, families, groups, organisations, and communities.
Multiculturalism and disability: a critical perspective
- Authors:
- GILSON Stephen French, DePOY Elizabeth
- Journal article citation:
- Disability and Society, 15(2), March 2000, pp.207-218.
- Publisher:
- Taylor and Francis
This article reviews current multicultural thinking, in relation to disability and offers a critical view of the advantages and disadvantages of positioning disability within the emergent multicultural discourse. Implications for future thinking and action to promote equal opportunity and self-determination for persons with disabilities as a cultural group with a political agenda are then advanced.
Trouble in Paradise- a disabled person's right to the satisfaction of a self-defined need: some conceptual and practical problems
- Author:
- HANDLEY Peter
- Journal article citation:
- Disability and Society, 15(2), March 2000, pp.313-325.
- Publisher:
- Taylor and Francis
This paper questions the usefulness of the rights-based approach to ameliorating social situation of disabled people in Britain and advances two criticisms. First, that rights and self-defined needs have been under-theorised by disability theorists to the extent that they have insufficiently appreciated he problems that these approaches pose. The paper suggests that rights to appropriate resources to satisfy self-defined needs will generate vast numbers of competing rights claims and that the resulting tendency of rights to conflict has been under-appreciated. Secondly, that there has been little consideration of how these conflicts might be reconciled. The first two sections of the paper look at the concepts of ascribed and self-defined needs, respectively, whilst the final one looks at some of the problems of the rights approach and some of the difficulties of making self-defined need the basis of rights claims.
Epistemological journeys in participatory action research: alliances between community psychology and disability studies
- Authors:
- GOODLEY Dan, LAWTHOM Rebecca
- Journal article citation:
- Disability and Society, 20(2), March 2005, pp.135-151.
- Publisher:
- Taylor and Francis
This paper seeks to explore emancipatory disability research possibilities through the use of participatory action research and the cross-fertilisation of ideas between British disability studies (DS) and community psychology (CP). First, the authors consider the psychology in CP and suggest that it is far removed from mainstream psychology's pathological vision of disabled people. Second, they draw on Burrell and Morgan's model of paradigms to interrogate research practice in DS and CP. Third, they compare and contrast research narratives from DS and CP through reference to some examples of our own research. They argue that CP pays particular attention to the development of community selves and cultural identities within the participatory action research process: which the authors feel to be a key concern for the development of an emancipatory DS. Finally they conclude that recognising the radical humanist element of participatory action research (PAR) permits us to navigate an enabling journey for disability research.
The paradox of disability culture: the need to combine versus the imperative to let go
- Author:
- GAVIN Rose
- Journal article citation:
- Disability and Society, 18(5), August 2003, pp.675-690.
- Publisher:
- Taylor and Francis
This article seeks to demonstrate that, to function as a truly emancipatory phenomenon, disability culture must be relieved of the paradox that keeps it trapped in modernist assumptions that serve to reinforce its marginalised status. The paradox of disability culture may be stated as follows. How can disabled people claim unity without falling into the same exclusionary practices that have served to create their divisive identifications in the first place? Conversely, how can they relinquish the practices of identification that are based on binary oppositions without losing the ability to claim identities at all? The author argues that, by extricating it from its origins in essentialist assumptions, disability culture can be reinvigorated as a truly emancipatory device, which is capable of devising positive identities which, rather than celebrating the 'disabled identity', rely on its dissolution.
Contesting practices, challenging codes: self advocacy, disability politics and the social model
- Author:
- DOWSE Leanne
- Journal article citation:
- Disability and Society, 16(1), January 2001, pp.123-141.
- Publisher:
- Taylor and Francis
This paper examines the relationship between Self Advocacy and the disability movement in Britain in the light of social movement theory. Using the concept of 'collective identity' as it is explored in social movement theory, the analysis examines why the disability movement's promotion of a strong disabled identity may be difficult to achieve for all its constituents, particularly people with learning difficulties. Additionally the concept of symbolic production within social movement theory is used to explore how the movement uses the social model of disability as its 'collective action frame'. It is argued realignment of this frame is taking place within the movement and is reflected in debates within disability studies about the role of impairment. The voices of people with learning difficulties remain silent in this debate. The paper concludes by arguing for the recognition of social, psychological and cognitive difference as pre-requisite to an inclusive theory and politics of disability.
Discourse and resistance in care assessment: integrated living and community care
- Author:
- PRIESTLEY Mark
- Journal article citation:
- British Journal of Social Work, 28(5), October 1998, pp.659-673.
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
Illustrates how value conflicts between the competing philosophies of community care and integrated living are played out at a micro level. The experiences of service users in Derbyshire show how the process of care assessment can perpetuate traditional discourses of disability based on dependency, individualisation and segregation. By contrast, self-assessment within an integrated living approach opens up new possibilities for resistance through the supported self-empowerment of service users. Moreover, the participation of disabled people in managing their own affairs challenges established cultural values about the role of disabled people in society.