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Measuring sustained interaction in adults with deafblindness and multiple disabilities: development of an observational coding system
- Authors:
- Janssen Marleen J., et al
- Journal article citation:
- British Journal of Visual Impairment, 32(2), 2014, pp.68-76.
- Publisher:
- Sage
Sustained interaction with other people is of crucial importance for persons with deafblindness and multiple disabilities. This article introduces a relatively time-efficient observational coding system to measure sustained interaction directly from video recordings using only two observation categories: turns and interaction breakdowns. Sustained interaction is defined as a sequence of at least three turns between two interaction partners. An interaction breakdown means that a sequence is not being continued, but is broken off by one of the partners. This article also presents the results of a first study applying the coding system to videos of five adults with deafblindness and multiple disabilities and their caregivers. The system seems well applicable and provides supporting evidence regarding inter-observer reliability. The system can stimulate further research and intervention to increase sustained interaction. (Publisher abstract)
Delivering personal budgets for adult social care: reflections from Essex
- Author:
- OFFICE FOR PUBLIC MANAGEMENT
- Publisher:
- Office for Public Management
- Publication year:
- 2010
- Pagination:
- 9p.
- Place of publication:
- London
Essex County Council (ECC) has commissioned a three year study to investigate the impact of personal budgets taken as cash payments by older and disabled people and their families. This paper reflects on some of the issues raised through face-to-face interviews, conducted between November 2009 and January 2010, with 46 older and/or disabled people who were receiving cash payments and/or interviews with their relatives. In addition four interviews were conducted with older service users whose personal budgets were being managed by the council. The majority had only been receiving cash payments for a couple of months at the time of interview. Generally service users reported positive outcomes. The predictors of take-up of self-managed budgets appeared to be the confidence of service users, based on their own sense of rights, their skills and support available from close relatives and wider social networks. For older service users and those with learning disabilities family members often played a central role in making the initial decision about whether to opt for cash payments. Findings suggested that frontline staff may be making implicit assumptions about which service users are capable of managing cash payments which may influence what choices, if any, are offered. A lack of clarity was found about what is meant by ‘choice and control’ leading to open interpretation by individual frontline staff. The importance of ensuring frontline staff are clear about choice and control and confident in explaining the principles underpinning self-directed support is stressed.