Search results for ‘Subject term:"physical disabilities"’ Sort:
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Examining the evidence for interventions with children with developmental coordination disorder
- Author:
- ARMSTRONG Dorothy
- Journal article citation:
- British Journal of Occupational Therapy, 75(12), December 2012, pp.532-540.
- Publisher:
- Sage
This critical review of the literature examines the evidence for the effectiveness of a selection of interventions for improving occupational performance in children with developmental coordination disorder (DCD). The search criteria included: children whose primary diagnosis was DCD; research into the effectiveness of an intervention or interventions; interventions that fit with occupational therapy practice (although not necessarily carried out by an occupational therapist); published in peer-reviewed journals; published since 1984; and available in English. The following databases were included: EMBASE, PsycINFO, CINAHL and ERIC. All articles retrieved were screened for relevance and their reference lists scanned. Nineteen articles were appraised using the Critical Appraisal Skills Programme. Of the approaches reviewed, the evidence points to interventions that use client’s activities of daily living as part of the intervention, such as CO-OP (Cognitive Orientation to Daily Occupational Performance), as being most effective in improving occupational performance. Other approaches reviewed include; sensory integration, servomotor task training, goal-orientated group intervention, exercise programmes, and compensatory approaches.
The effectiveness of occupational therapy for children with developmental coordination disorder: a review of the qualitative literature
- Authors:
- MORGAN Ruth, LONG Tony
- Journal article citation:
- British Journal of Occupational Therapy, 75(1), January 2012, pp.10-18.
- Publisher:
- Sage
The aim of this review was to further evidence-based practice by identifying motor interventions judged to be effective by children with developmental coordination disorder (DCD) and their parents. Six databases were searched for qualitative studies with school-age children with DCD and their parents in order to understand which occupational therapy interventions are most effective for decreasing core symptoms and improving occupational outcomes. The Model of Human Occupation was used to structure the discussion and to illustrate how a model can be used to guide the therapeutic reasoning process about future intervention decisions. For many families, intervention that addressed everyday occupations and the social consequences for children with DCD was of the utmost importance. Both child-centred and parent-centred interventions for DCD were valued but allowing children to be active in goal setting was considered vital. Most parents wanted to maximise their child's social participation and motivation whereas children were more concerned about their ability to engage in self-care and play activities. The authors conclude that there is a need for practitioners to incorporate the priorities of parents and children in order to optimise the outcomes of intervention. Parental and teacher education was highly valued by parents to help manage the uncertainty and worry associated with raising a child with DCD.
The right help at the right time in the right place: strategic review of learning provision for children and young people with complex additional support needs
- Author:
- SCOTLAND. Scottish Government
- Publisher:
- Scotland. Scottish Government
- Publication year:
- 2012
- Pagination:
- 108p.
- Place of publication:
- Edinburgh
This report sets out the strategic vision for learning provision for children and young people with complex additional support needs in Scotland. The review process was undertaken in 2 phases, and included working groups, a call for evidence, parental engagement events, a literature review, and in-depth interviews with children and young people in a range of educational settings. The report sets out the findings and recommendations for provision across 4 themed areas: culture, complex additional support needs and expertise; policy choice and learning experiences; interagency working, planning and review; and national and local provision and the role of the Scottish Government. A total of 21 recommendations are made across these 4 areas. Three case studies of excellent practice are presented which demonstrate that getting the right help at the right time in the right place does make a real difference to the lives of children and young people with complex additional support needs and their families.
A critical appraisal of how occupational therapists can enable participation in adaptive physical activity for children and young people
- Authors:
- SHARP Naomi, DUNFORD Carolyn, SEDDON Lyndsey
- Journal article citation:
- British Journal of Occupational Therapy, 75(11), November 2012, pp.486-494.
- Publisher:
- Sage
This literature review researched adaptive physical activity (APA) for people with physical disabilities. It examined barriers to participation, potential solutions, and the role of occupational therapists in enabling participation. A systemic literature search identified eleven key articles. Each paper was critically analysed using the Critical Appraisal Skills Programme tool. The information was summarised and reviewed using an iterative approach to identify themes. Two key themes emerged. The first encompassed barriers to participation, lack of role models, family attitudes and transportation. The second identified potential solutions through integrating APA into health care interventions. The authors conclude that participation in APA improves physical, social and psychological skills, which in turn impacts on other occupations. They believe there is a role for occupational therapists in helping children with disabilities to start participating in APA. Key to this are occupational therapists’ core skills of assessment, collaboration, engagement, adaptation, education and advocacy.