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Factors associated with frailty in chronically ill older adults
- Author:
- HACKSTAFF Lynn
- Journal article citation:
- Social Work in Health Care, 48(8), November 2009, pp.798-811.
- Publisher:
- Taylor and Francis
- Place of publication:
- Philadelphia, USA
An ex post facto analysis of a secondary dataset examined relationships between physical frailty, depression and the self-perceived domains of health status and quality-of-life in older adults. The randomised sample included 992 community-dwelling, chronically ill and functionally impaired adults age 65 and older who received care from a Southern California Kaiser Permanente medical centre between 1998 and 2002. The purpose of the study was to identify possible intervention junctures related to self-efficacy of older adults in order to help optimise their functionality. Multivariate correlation analyses showed statistically significant positive correlations between frailty level and depression (r = .18; p = < .05), number of medical conditions (r = .09; p = < .05), and self-rated quality-of-life (r = .24; p = < .05). Frailty level showed a statistically significant negative correlation with self-perceived health status (r = -.25; p = < .05). Notably, no statistically significant correlation was found between age and frailty level (r = -.03; p = < .05). In linear regression, self-perceived health status had a partial variance with frailty level (part r = -.18). The significant correlations found support further research to identify interventions to help vulnerable, older adults challenge self-perceived capabilities so that they may achieve optimum functionality through increased physical activity earlier on, and increased self-efficacy to support successful adaptation to ageing-related losses.
Facilitators and barriers to autonomy: a systematic literature review for older adults with physical impairments, living in residential care facilities
- Authors:
- van LOON Jolande, et al
- Journal article citation:
- Ageing and Society, early cite 30 October 2019,
- Publisher:
- Cambridge University Press
Autonomy is important in every stage of life. However, little is known about how autonomy is enhanced for older adults living in residential care facilities (RCFs). This leads to the research question: which facilitators and barriers to autonomy of older adults with physical impairments due to ageing and chronic health conditions living in RCFs are known? The results will be organised according to the framework of person-centred practice, because this is related to autonomy enhancement. To answer the research question, a systematic literature search and review was performed in the electronic databases CINAHL, PsycINFO, PubMed, Social Services Abstracts and Sociological Abstracts. Inclusion and exclusion criteria were derived from the research question. Selected articles were analysed and assessed on quality using the Mixed Methods Appraisal Tool. Facilitators and barriers for autonomy were found and arranged in four themes: characteristics of residents, prerequisites of professional care-givers, care processes between resident and care-giver, and environment of care. The established facilitators and barriers are relational and dynamic. For a better understanding of the facilitators and barriers to autonomy for older adults with physical impairments living in RCFs, a description is based on the 35 included articles. Autonomy is a capacity to influence the environment and make decisions irrespective of having executional autonomy, to live the kind of life someone desires to live in the face of diminishing social, physical and/or cognitive resources and dependency, and it develops in relationships. The results provide an actual overview and lead to a better understanding of barriers and facilitators for the autonomy of older adults with physical impairments in RCFs. For both residents and care-givers, results offer possibilities to sustain and reinforce autonomy. Scientifically, the study creates new knowledge on factors that influence autonomy, which can be used to enhance autonomy. (Edited publisher abstract)
Valuing older people: positive psychological practice
- Author:
- STIRLING Elspeth
- Publisher:
- Wiley-Blackwell
- Publication year:
- 2010
- Pagination:
- 213p., bibliog.
- Place of publication:
- Chichester
A global guide to positive psychological practice when dealing with older and very old people. The author, previously a clinical psychologist, champions social role valorisation (SRV) in relation to older people and ageing. SRV theory is based on opposing society’s tendency to devalue particular groups of people because they are ‘different. The author applies it, not only to counteract stereotyped attitudes that older people are valueless, but to promote beneficial effects of having our elders active in society and observing and learning from, for example, their coping behaviour. Chapters cover: the psychology and ecology of ageing; preventive psychology in later life; assessment in the new paradigm; new paradigm principles for intervention; older people and cognitive disabilities; new paradigm principles of service design; and psychological therapies with older people.