Search results for ‘Subject term:"physical disabilities"’ Sort:
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Personal assistance for adults (19-64) with physical impairments
- Authors:
- MAYO-WILSON Evan, MONTGOMERY Paul, DENNIS Jane
- Publisher:
- Campbell Collaboration
- Publication year:
- 2008
- Pagination:
- 36p., bibliog.
- Place of publication:
- Oslo
This systematic review aimed to assesses the effectiveness of personal assistance for adults with physical impairments, and the impacts of personal assistance on others, compared to other interventions. Adults with physical impairments living in the community who require assistance to perform tasks of daily living and participate in normal activities due to permanent impairments were included. Electronic databases were searched from 1980 to June 2005; reference lists were checked; 345 experts, organisations, government bodies and charities were contacted in an attempt to locate relevant research. One randomised controlled trial involving 817 participants compared personal assistance versus usual care met the selection criteria. Findings showed that whilst personal assistance was generally preferred over other services, some people prefer other models of care. Whilst paid assistance probably substitutes for informal care and may cost government more than alternatives, the total costs to recipients and society are currently unknown. Further studies are required to determine which models of personal assistance are most effective and efficient for particular people.
A systematic review of the costs and effectiveness of different models of paediatric home care
- Authors:
- PARKER G., et al
- Publisher:
- NHS Health Technology Assessment Programme
- Publication year:
- 2003
- Pagination:
- 118p.
- Place of publication:
- Southampton
Technological developments in care, the impact of hospital admission on children and their families, changing policies for severely disabled children, and the costs of health care have encouraged the development of paediatric home care (PHC). However, despite increased provision, evidence about effectiveness, costs and impact remains elusive. The objectives were to establish: the range and types of PHC; the effectiveness and costs of PHC; if and how cost-effectiveness differs between different groups of children; the speed of growth of the evidence base; and what recommendations could be made for further research.
A systematic review of instruments for assessment of capacity in activities of daily living in children with developmental co-ordination disorder
- Authors:
- LINDE B.W.van der, et al
- Journal article citation:
- Child: Care, Health and Development, 41(1), 2015, pp.23-34.
- Publisher:
- Wiley
Children with developmental co-ordination disorder (DCD) face evident motor difficulties in activities of daily living (ADL). Assessment of their capacity in ADL is essential for diagnosis and intervention, in order to limit the daily consequences of the disorder. The aim of this study is to systematically review potential instruments for standardized and objective assessment of children's capacity in ADL, suited for children with DCD. As a first step, databases of MEDLINE, EMBASE, CINAHL and PsycINFO were searched to identify studies that described instruments with potential for assessment of capacity in ADL. Second, instruments were included for review when two independent reviewers agreed that the instruments (1) are standardized and objective; (2) assess at activity level and comprise items that reflect ADL; and (3) are applicable to school-aged children that can move independently. Out of 1507 publications, 66 publications were selected, describing 39 instruments. Seven of these instruments were found to fulfil the criteria and were included for review: the Bruininks-Oseretsky Test of Motor Performance-2 (BOT2); the Do-Eat (Do-Eat); the Movement Assessment Battery for Children-2 (MABC2); the school-Assessment of Motor and Process Skills (schoolAMPS); the Tuffts Assessment of Motor Performance (TAMP); the Test of Gross Motor Development (TGMD); and the Functional Independence Measure for Children (WeeFIM). As a third step, for the included instruments, suitability for children with DCD was discussed based on the ADL comprised, ecological validity and other psychometric properties. It is concluded that current instruments do not provide comprehensive and ecologically valid assessment of capacity in ADL as required for children with DCD. (Publisher abstract)
The effectiveness of short breaks in families where there are children with disabilities: a systematic review of the evidence
- Author:
- SNEDDON Helga
- Publisher:
- Northern Ireland. Health and Social Care Board
- Publication year:
- 2017
- Pagination:
- 103
- Place of publication:
- Belfast
Summarises evidence on the outcomes and impacts of short breaks for children and young people with disabilities and their families. The review included short break and respite care for young people aged up to 21 years with disabilities, either physical or severe emotional/ behavioural problems. Studies were excluded if the focus was on children with life-limiting conditions or palliative care. Searches were conducted on a range of databases in 2017 and results were screened for relevance. A total of 475 relevant articles were identified as relevant. The review identified very few robust evaluations of respite and short breaks provision, where the impact is compared to families who have not received the same support. However, it found some promising evidence of the effectiveness of short breaks and respite provision for families with children with disabilities. The review found evidence that short breaks and respite are very highly valued by families as a useful support in helping them cope; that they positively impact on the wellbeing of carers; that family relationships and stress levels improve; and some studies noted an increase in children's independence, social skills, social awareness, interests and confidence. Although there is some promising evidence, the review found insufficient robust evidence to fully assess the effectiveness of in-home respite provision. The review makes recommendations to inform short break care practice in Northern Ireland. (Edited publisher abstract)
An overview of systematic reviews to determine the impact of socio-environmental factors on health outcomes of people with disabilities
- Authors:
- MITCHELL Rebecca J., et al
- Journal article citation:
- Health and Social Care in the Community, early cite November 2021,
- Publisher:
- Wiley
People with disabilities are often subject to intersecting layers of social and economic disadvantage and other barriers that drive health inequity. As a result, they frequently experience worse health than people without disabilities, beyond the direct effects of their health condition or impairment. The aim of this overview of systematic reviews was to summarise the evidence on the impact of socio-environmental factors (i.e. social, physical or attitudinal) on the health outcomes of disabled people. A systematic search of five databases (MEDLINE, PsycINFO, Embase, CINAHL and Scopus) for English-language articles from January 2000 to April 2021 was conducted. Abstracts were screened by two reviewers and reviews were critically appraised. Key data were extracted by topic, population, disability type, critical appraisal method, socio-environmental themes and health outcomes. There were 23 systematic reviews identified examining adult (60.9%) or child and young (8.7%) disabled people, with 30.4% not specifying an age range. Reviews examined people with neurological or physical (39.1%), intellectual (17.4%), sensory (8.7%) or a range of (34.8%) disabilities. Three key health outcomes (i.e. access to healthcare, health-promoting behaviour and care quality) and several recurring socio-environmental themes related to the health outcomes of disabled people were identified. Disabled people encounter common social, physical and attitudinal factors that hinder their health outcomes in terms of access to services and quality healthcare. Many preventive health services were identified as either inaccessible or not meeting the needs of disabled people. Greater involvement of disabled people in service design and awareness raising is essential. (Edited publisher abstract)
Facilitators and barriers to autonomy: a systematic literature review for older adults with physical impairments, living in residential care facilities
- Authors:
- van LOON Jolande, et al
- Journal article citation:
- Ageing and Society, early cite 30 October 2019,
- Publisher:
- Cambridge University Press
Autonomy is important in every stage of life. However, little is known about how autonomy is enhanced for older adults living in residential care facilities (RCFs). This leads to the research question: which facilitators and barriers to autonomy of older adults with physical impairments due to ageing and chronic health conditions living in RCFs are known? The results will be organised according to the framework of person-centred practice, because this is related to autonomy enhancement. To answer the research question, a systematic literature search and review was performed in the electronic databases CINAHL, PsycINFO, PubMed, Social Services Abstracts and Sociological Abstracts. Inclusion and exclusion criteria were derived from the research question. Selected articles were analysed and assessed on quality using the Mixed Methods Appraisal Tool. Facilitators and barriers for autonomy were found and arranged in four themes: characteristics of residents, prerequisites of professional care-givers, care processes between resident and care-giver, and environment of care. The established facilitators and barriers are relational and dynamic. For a better understanding of the facilitators and barriers to autonomy for older adults with physical impairments living in RCFs, a description is based on the 35 included articles. Autonomy is a capacity to influence the environment and make decisions irrespective of having executional autonomy, to live the kind of life someone desires to live in the face of diminishing social, physical and/or cognitive resources and dependency, and it develops in relationships. The results provide an actual overview and lead to a better understanding of barriers and facilitators for the autonomy of older adults with physical impairments in RCFs. For both residents and care-givers, results offer possibilities to sustain and reinforce autonomy. Scientifically, the study creates new knowledge on factors that influence autonomy, which can be used to enhance autonomy. (Edited publisher abstract)
Family factors associated with participation of children with disabilities: a systematic review
- Authors:
- ARAKELYAN Stella, et al
- Journal article citation:
- Developmental Medicine and Child Neurology, early cite 6 January 2019,
- Publisher:
- John Wiley and Sons
Aim: The aim of this review was to synthesize empirical evidence of family factors associated with participation of children with disabilities aged 5 to 12 years to inform the development of family‐centred participation‐fostering interventions. Method: A systematic search was performed for articles published in English between 2001 and 2017 in MEDLINE, PsycINFO, CINAHL, Scopus, and ASSIA following the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Review and Meta‐Analysis (PRISMA) guidelines. Quality of evidence was appraised using the Research Triangle Institute Item Bank. Family factors associated with participation were identified and assessed using a multistage ‘semi‐quantitative’ approach. Results: Thirty studies were included in the review. Four non‐modifiable ‘status’ factors consistently associated with participation were parental ethnicity, parental education, family type, and family socio‐economic status. Six modifiable ‘process’ factors with consistent associations with participation were parental mental and physical health functioning, parental self‐efficacy beliefs, parental support, parental time, family preferences, and activity orientation. Interpretation: Rehabilitation professionals should direct their focus towards modifiable family factors as primary targets for family‐centred interventions. Strategies that can improve families’ access to information, counselling, and community support services are likely to support children's participation by empowering families and optimizing their health and well‐being. (Edited publisher abstract)