Search results for ‘Subject term:"physical disabilities"’ Sort:
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Depression and frailty in later life: a synthetic review
- Authors:
- MEZUK Briana, et al
- Journal article citation:
- International Journal of Geriatric Psychiatry, 27(9), September 2012, pp.879-892.
- Publisher:
- Wiley
Frailty is defined as a state or indication of being vulnerable to declining health in later life. Depression in later life is predictive of many of the same kinds of outcomes as frailty, including cognitive impairment, disability, fracture, and mortality. The aim of this review was to explore the conceptual and empirical interrelationships between depression and frailty among older adults. A literature search was conducted using PubMed for publications through to 2010. Reviewers assessed the eligibility of each report and abstracted information on study design, sample characteristics, and key findings. Of these abstracted articles, 39 met the inclusion criteria. The findings from both cross-sectional and cohort studies indicated that frailty, its components, and functional impairment are risk factors for depression. Although cross-sectional studies indicated a positive association between depression and frailty, findings from cohort studies were less consistent. The majority of studies included only women and non-Hispanic Whites. None used diagnostic measures of depression or considered antidepressant use in the design or analysis of the studies.
Examining the evidence for interventions with children with developmental coordination disorder
- Author:
- ARMSTRONG Dorothy
- Journal article citation:
- British Journal of Occupational Therapy, 75(12), December 2012, pp.532-540.
- Publisher:
- Sage
This critical review of the literature examines the evidence for the effectiveness of a selection of interventions for improving occupational performance in children with developmental coordination disorder (DCD). The search criteria included: children whose primary diagnosis was DCD; research into the effectiveness of an intervention or interventions; interventions that fit with occupational therapy practice (although not necessarily carried out by an occupational therapist); published in peer-reviewed journals; published since 1984; and available in English. The following databases were included: EMBASE, PsycINFO, CINAHL and ERIC. All articles retrieved were screened for relevance and their reference lists scanned. Nineteen articles were appraised using the Critical Appraisal Skills Programme. Of the approaches reviewed, the evidence points to interventions that use client’s activities of daily living as part of the intervention, such as CO-OP (Cognitive Orientation to Daily Occupational Performance), as being most effective in improving occupational performance. Other approaches reviewed include; sensory integration, servomotor task training, goal-orientated group intervention, exercise programmes, and compensatory approaches.
Impaired balance in developmental dyslexia? A meta-analysis of the contending evidence
- Authors:
- ROCHELLE Kim S. H., TALCOTT Joel B.
- Journal article citation:
- Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry, 47(11), 2006, pp.1159-1166.
- Publisher:
- Wiley
Developmental dyslexia is typically defined by deficits in phonological skills, but is also associated with balance impairment. Although balance assessments are included in several screening instruments for dyslexia, the association between balance and literacy problems could be the result of the high co-occurrence between dyslexia and other development disorders in which motor behaviour is affected. This meta-analysis of nine studies (15 papers) results in a mean effect size of 0.64, but this is significantly boosted by the probable co-occurrence of other developmental disorders and variability in IQ scores among the dyslexia groups. The authors conclude that balance impairment is associated with dyslexia, but that this is more strongly related to third variables other than reading ability. It is a risk indicator for developmental disorders generally, but not dyslexia specifically.
Predicting additional care in young children with neurodevelopmental disability: a systematic review
- Authors:
- MEESTER-DELVER Anke, et al
- Journal article citation:
- Developmental Medicine and Child Neurology, 48(2), 2006, pp.143-150.
- Publisher:
- John Wiley and Sons
Children with developmental disabilities have a variety of associated impairments that require lifelong additional care, and assessment of these needs is necessary not only for diagnostic purposes but to inform parents and other care givers and providers about what care is likely to be needed in the future. This review identifies and evaluates seven existing assessment instruments: Pediatric Evaluation of Disability Inventory (PEDI); Functional Independence Measure for Children (WeeFIM); Health Utility Index (HUI-3); Life Habits Assessment (LIFE-H); Lifestyle Assessment Questionnaire; Support Intensity Scale (SIS); and Amount of Assistance Questionnaire (AAQ). None have been developed to predict future additional care requirements, and the authors conclude that new instruments should be developed to provide parents and other care providers with the information they need.
Violence in deaf and hard-of-hearing people: a review of the literature
- Authors:
- VERNON McKay, GREENBERG Sheldon
- Journal article citation:
- Aggression and Violent Behavior, 4(3), 1999, pp.259-272.
- Publisher:
- Elsevier
The few available studies on the relationship of hearing loss to violence indicate that the prevalence of brain damage, learning disability, communication disorders, educational retardation, unemployment and underemployment in the deaf and hard-of-hearing population creates frustration which tends to manifest in disproportionate aggression, violence and hostility. Relative to prevalence, hearing impaired people are overly represented in the prison population, which is the major datum the literature on violence and hearing loss yields. Discusses reasons for the lack of literature on hearing loss and violence and suggests ways to remedy the problem.
Social participation of teenagers and young adults with developmental co-ordination disorder and strategies that could help them: results from a scoping review
- Authors:
- GAGNON-ROY M., JASMIN E., CAMDEN C.
- Journal article citation:
- Child: Care, Health and Development, 42(6), 2016, pp.840-851.
- Publisher:
- Wiley
Background: The impact of developmental co-ordination disorder (DCD) on teenagers' and young adults' participation is not well documented. This article aims to synthesize the current knowledge on social participation, which is the performance of an individual in realizing his or her daily activities and social roles within its life environment. Strategies and interventions to support youths (15–25 years old) with DCD were also synthesized. Methods: A scoping review interrogating three databases and using ‘snowballing techniques’ was performed to identify both scientific and grey literature published between 2004 and 2014. Over 1000 documents were screened and 57 were read in full; 28 met inclusion criteria. A charting form based on 12 life habits described in the disability creation process and developed by two reviewers was used to extract data and report the results. Results: All life habits were reported to be affected for teenagers and young adults with DCD, with education and interpersonal relationships being the most frequently discussed. During adolescence and adulthood, new tasks and subsequent difficulties emerge, such as driving. Mental health difficulties emerged as a key theme. Few strategies and interventions were described to support social participation of youths with DCD. Conclusion: Many life habits are challenging for youths with DCD, but few evidence-based strategies and interventions have been designed to help them to increase their social participation. (Publisher abstract)
The effectiveness of occupational therapy for children with developmental coordination disorder: a review of the qualitative literature
- Authors:
- MORGAN Ruth, LONG Tony
- Journal article citation:
- British Journal of Occupational Therapy, 75(1), January 2012, pp.10-18.
- Publisher:
- Sage
The aim of this review was to further evidence-based practice by identifying motor interventions judged to be effective by children with developmental coordination disorder (DCD) and their parents. Six databases were searched for qualitative studies with school-age children with DCD and their parents in order to understand which occupational therapy interventions are most effective for decreasing core symptoms and improving occupational outcomes. The Model of Human Occupation was used to structure the discussion and to illustrate how a model can be used to guide the therapeutic reasoning process about future intervention decisions. For many families, intervention that addressed everyday occupations and the social consequences for children with DCD was of the utmost importance. Both child-centred and parent-centred interventions for DCD were valued but allowing children to be active in goal setting was considered vital. Most parents wanted to maximise their child's social participation and motivation whereas children were more concerned about their ability to engage in self-care and play activities. The authors conclude that there is a need for practitioners to incorporate the priorities of parents and children in order to optimise the outcomes of intervention. Parental and teacher education was highly valued by parents to help manage the uncertainty and worry associated with raising a child with DCD.
Evaluating the impact of mobility-related assistive technology on the lives of disabled people: a review of outcome measures
- Authors:
- HARRIS Anne, PINNINGTON Lorraine L., WARD Christopher D.
- Journal article citation:
- British Journal of Occupational Therapy, 68(12), December 2005, pp.553-558.
- Publisher:
- Sage
This research review aimed to assess the adequacy available outcome measures to evaluate the impact of mobility assistive technology on participation. The aim was to assess how these tools measured activity and participation in relation to mobility. Each measure considered some useful aspect of participation, but none took sufficient account of the needs of those with mobility impairments or could evaluate adequately the impact of different technologies. To support client-centred and evidence-based practice, an outcome measure that evaluates the impact of mobility assistive technology on activity and participation is required.
Medicaid managed care, substance abuse treatment, and people with disabilities: review of the literature
- Authors:
- BACHMAN Sara S., DRAINONI Mari-Lynn, TOBIAS Carol
- Journal article citation:
- Health and Social Work, 29(3), August 2004, pp.189-196.
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
Presents a review of the literature relating to substance abuse, disability, and Medicaid managed care which suggests that substance abuse is a serious issue for individuals with disabilities. Identifies topics for a research agenda on the needs of individuals with disabilities who also experience co-occurring substance abuse disorders. Implications for social work policy and practice are discussed.
Disabled children living away from home in the UK
- Authors:
- READ Janet, HARRISON Christine
- Journal article citation:
- Journal of Social Work, 2(2), August 2002, pp.211-231.
- Publisher:
- Sage
This article reviews existing findings about disabled children in the UK who are living away from home. Goes on to highlight research findings about the general population of children who live away from home, and explores the relevance for separated disabled children. Summarises issues for future research.