Search results for ‘Subject term:"personality disorders"’ Sort:
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Borderline personality disorders (BPD) and its link with anti-social personality disorders
- Author:
- LOWENSTEIN Ludwig
- Journal article citation:
- Justice of the Peace, 26.01.08, 2008, pp.50-54.
- Publisher:
- Butterworth
The prevalence of the problem of association between borderline personality disorder (BPD) and its link with anti-social personality disorders (APD) is still relatively unknown. This article analyses the literature and attempts to separate the inter-reacting facets. Thirteen different facets are discussed: 1) differentiation by gender; 2) signs in childhood and adolescence; 3) impulsivity and aggression including domestic violence; 4) physical and sexual abuse and health; 5) alcohol and other substance abusing; 6) attachment patterns; 7) socio-cultural factors; 8) genetic and neuro-cognitive factors; 9) depressions, self-harming and suicidal behaviour; 10) pathological gambling; 11) anti-social behaviour; 12) family factors; and 13) interaction of causes and associated features. It is concluded that there is a constant interaction between the various causal factors but a definite causal links cannot be fully established.
Identity crisis
- Author:
- SALMON Mary
- Journal article citation:
- Mental Health Today, April 2011, pp.12-13.
- Publisher:
- Pavilion
- Place of publication:
- Hove
The condition of dissociative identity disorder, formerly known as multiple personality disorder, and the reasons the condition often goes undiagnosed are discussed.
The case of Joan
- Author:
- APPELBAUM Ann H.
- Journal article citation:
- Social Work in Mental Health, 6(1/2), 2008, pp.49-51.
- Publisher:
- Taylor and Francis
- Place of publication:
- Philadelphia, USA
A short case study of a woman with a diagnosis of borderline personality disorder and polysubstance abuse is presented. It covers her behaviour and decision to accept help. (Copies of this article are available from: Haworth Document Delivery Centre, Haworth Press Inc., 10 Alice Street, Binghamton, NY 13904-1580).
Transference-focused psychotherapy for BPD
- Authors:
- YEOMANS Frank, DELANEY Jill
- Journal article citation:
- Social Work in Mental Health, 6(1/2), 2008, pp.157-170.
- Publisher:
- Taylor and Francis
- Place of publication:
- Philadelphia, USA
Transference-focused psychotherapy is defined as a modified psychodynamic psychotherapy based on the object relations theory of personality and the psychodynamic principles of: the dynamic unconscious; the importance of transference and counter-transference; and the reliance upon interpretation of the transference as the dominant therapeutic intervention. This approach has been shown through a randomised clinical trial to be effective in reducing symptoms and improving reflective function in patients with borderline personality disorder. As well as reducing symptoms, it also has the longer term aim of identity integration through the interpretive elaboration of the split-off internalised representations of self and others that underlie the condition. (Copies of this article are available from: Haworth Document Delivery Centre, Haworth Press Inc., 10 Alice Street, Binghamton, NY 13904-1580).
Understanding and caring for patients experiencing paranoia
- Author:
- WALSH Lynne
- Journal article citation:
- Nursing Times, 2.01.07, 2007, pp.28-29.
- Publisher:
- Nursing Times
This article aims to provide nurses with an understanding of paranoia and how to help those individuals maintain a good quality of life. The article looks at the causes of paranoia, the different types of paranoid states, and nursing care and assessment.
Taking the therapeutic community outside in the COVID-19 pandemic
- Authors:
- JONES Merryn, HOWE Andrew John
- Journal article citation:
- Therapeutic Communities: the International Journal of Therapeutic Communities, 42(2), 2021, pp.89-97.
- Publisher:
- Emerald
Purpose: The COVID-19 pandemic has affected psychotherapy practice. A common change is a move to online sessions over video calls. In their therapeutic community (TC) for those with personality disorders, the authors have used video calls but not all clients could work in this way. The authors decided to meet patients outside and walked with them while adhering to government guidelines. This study aims to present the authors’ experience with one client who was interviewed afterwards about the experience. Design/methodology/approach: A total of 10 walking therapy sessions of 60-min duration were conducted with the patient. After the sessions, both the patient and therapist were interviewed about their experience. The resulting interviews with both patient and therapist were thematically analysed independently by both authors. Findings: There were common themes to both the client and therapist’s account following thematic analysis. These were: modelling and normalising in the real world, replacing what COVID-19 had taken away from the TC experience, changes at home, therapist disclosure, outcomes and good endings and being outside of the clinical environment. Research limitations/implications: The authors have presented a single case of the patient and therapist experience of outdoor therapy sessions in a TC context response to the COVID-19 pandemic. The findings are not generalisable and can only provide a suggestion at the positive potential for working in this way. The authors hope that the positive effects of outdoor therapy noted here may inspire other clinicians to consider similar novel approaches in their work. Originality/value: This study describes a novel way that a TC has adapted to the COVID-19 pandemic. (Edited publisher abstract)
Exploring offender manager’s experiences of psychologically informed consultation on relationships with service users within the offender personality disorder pathway
- Authors:
- RADCLIFFE Kay, CARRINGTON Bethany, WARD Max
- Journal article citation:
- Mental Health Review Journal, 25(4), 2020, pp.317-328.
- Publisher:
- Emerald
Purpose: The Yorkshire and Humber Personality Disorder Partnership (YHPDP) provides psychological consultation and formulation to offender managers (OMs) within the National Probation Service as part of the offender personality disorder (OPD) pathway. The pathway highlights the importance of formulation-led case management to develop pathways for offenders with personality difficulties at high risk of causing serious harm to others. This study aims to ask what is the experience of psychological consultation/formulation on the relationship between a sample of service users (SUs) and their OMs. Design/methodology/approach: Semi-structured interviews were undertaken with five OMs who had engaged in at least three consultations with YHPDP psychologists/psychotherapists within the OPD pathway. Qualitative methods were used to analyse the data, specifically interpretative phenomenological analysis, which is useful when dealing with complexity, process or novelty. Findings: OMs experienced the consultation/formulation process to be containing and reflective. They found complex, emotionally demanding clients who have offended and have personality disorder traits could be responded to differently as a result of this process. From an OM perspective, this improved the relationship between themselves and their SUs and supported risk management. These conclusions must be tentative, as they are drawn from a small-scale qualitative study, but provides the basis for further research. Originality/value: Although there is increasing research into the outcomes of the OPD pathway, little has been done regarding the experience of the relationship between OMs and SUs. This research takes a qualitative perspective to explore this area. (Edited publisher abstract)
The possibility of using dissociation to identify mental health service users with more psychosocial intervention needs: rationale and preliminary evidence
- Authors:
- FUNG Hong Wang, ROSS Colin A., CHUNG Hei Man
- Journal article citation:
- Social Work in Mental Health, 18(6), 2020, pp.623-633.
- Publisher:
- Taylor and Francis
- Place of publication:
- Philadelphia, USA
The ability to predict which groups of mental health service users are more likely to require psychosocial care could facilitate intervention planning and optimize the utilization of resources. Dissociation may be a transdiagnostic indicator of psychosocial intervention needs because dissociation is theoretically and empirically associated with psychosocial adversities. This paper explains why that may be the case. We investigated the association of somatoform dissociation with indicators of psychosocial intervention needs (e.g., childhood trauma, poor family well-being, psychosocial-related symptoms) in a convenience sample of mental health service users (N = 111). The preliminary evidence supports the idea that dissociation is a transdiagnostic indicator of psychosocial intervention needs. Dissociation should be regularly assessed in mental health settings because it may help social workers and other psychosocial service providers identify service users who may especially need psychosocial care when there is a lack of resources. Further studies and discussions are needed. (Edited publisher abstract)
Prevalence of personality disorders in the general adult population in Western countries: systematic review and meta-analysis
- Authors:
- VOLKERT Jana, GABLONSKI Thorsten-Christian, RABUNG Sven
- Journal article citation:
- British Journal of Psychiatry, 213(6), 2018, pp.709-715.
- Publisher:
- Cambridge University Press
Background: Personality disorder is a severe health issue. However, the epidemiology of personality disorders is insufficiently described and surveys report very heterogeneous rates. Aims: We aimed to conduct a meta-analysis on the prevalence of personality disorders in adult populations and examine potential moderators that affect heterogeneity. Method: The authors searched PsycINFO, PSYNDEX and Medline for studies that used standardised diagnostics (DSM-IV/-5, ICD-10) to report prevalence rates of personality disorders in community populations in Western countries. Prevalence rates were extracted and aggregated by random-effects models. Meta-regression and sensitivity analyses were performed and publication bias was assessed. Results: The final sample comprised ten studies, with a total of 113 998 individuals. Prevalence rates were fairly high for any personality disorder (12.16%; 95% CI, 8.01–17.02%) and similarly high for DSM Clusters A, B and C, between 5.53 (95% CI, 3.20–8.43%) and 7.23% (95% CI, 2.37–14.42%). Prevalence was highest for obsessive–compulsive personality disorder (4.32%; 95% CI, 2.16–7.16%) and lowest for dependent personality disorder (0.78%; 95% CI, 0.37–1.32%). A low prevalence was significantly associated with expert-rated assessment (versus self-rated) and reporting of descriptive statistics for antisocial personality disorder. Conclusions: Epidemiological studies on personality disorders in community samples are rare, whereas prevalence rates are fairly high and vary substantially depending on samples and methods. Future studies investigating the epidemiology of personality disorders based on the DSM-5 and ICD-11 and models of personality functioning and traits are needed, and efficient treatment should be a priority for healthcare systems to reduce disease burden. (Edited publisher abstract)
Personality disorder service provision: a review of the recent literature
- Authors:
- EVANS Sacha, et al
- Journal article citation:
- Mental Health Review Journal, 22(2), 2017, pp.65-82.
- Publisher:
- Emerald
Purpose: The purpose of this paper is to describe the evolution of the field of personality disorder since the publication of “Personality disorder: no longer a diagnosis of exclusion” in 2003. Design/methodology/approach: A review of both the academic literature contained within relevant databases alongside manual searches of policy literature and guidance from the key stakeholders was undertaken. Findings: The academic and policy literature concentrates on treating borderline and antisocial personality disorders. It seems unlikely that evidence will resolutely support any one treatment modality over another. Criticism has arisen that comparison between modalities misses inter and intra patient heterogeneity and the measurement of intervention has become conflated with overall service design and the need for robust care pathways. Apparent inconsistency in service availability remains, despite a wealth of evidence demonstrating the availability of cost-effective interventions and the significant inequality of social and health outcomes for this population. Research limitations/implications: The inclusion of heterogeneous sources required pragmatic compromises in methodological rigour. Originality/value: This paper charts the recent developments in the field with a wealth of wide-ranging evidence and robust guidance from institutions such as NICE. The policy literature has supported the findings of this evidence but current clinical practice and what patients and carers can expect from services remains at odds. This paper lays bare the disparity between what we know and what is being delivered. The authors argue for the need for greater research into current practice to inform the setting of minimum standards for the treatment of personality disorder. (Publisher abstract)