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Home care in Italy: a system on the move, in the opposite direction to what we expect
- Author:
- GORI Cristiano
- Journal article citation:
- Health and Social Care in the Community, 20(3), May 2012, pp.255-264.
- Publisher:
- Wiley
In Italy, the public system of home care for older people is underfunded and mostly cash-oriented; a system, thus, relying almost entirely on informal care provided by the family. This article analyses how the provision of home care in Italy has changed in the last decade. It discusses the reasons behind the increased uptake of the Indennità di Accompagnamento (IA), a “companion payment”. It examines an increase in the needs and demands of older people; the traits of the Italian welfare system; and the peculiar features of the companion payment itself. The article then looks at why services in kind rose to a lesser degree, pinpoints the main reason as being based on the politics of social care at national level, and finally focuses on the challenges that the Italian home-care system has to face within the changed policy environment with respect to quality of care, carers’ conditions and support for older people with high-level needs.
A comparative analysis of personalisation: balancing an ethic of care with user empowerment
- Author:
- RUMMERY Kirstein
- Journal article citation:
- Ethics and Social Welfare, 5(2), June 2011, pp.138-152.
- Publisher:
- Taylor and Francis
- Place of publication:
- Abingdon
Modern developments in care and support delivery for disabled and older people have led to the expansion of personalisation schemes, where money is paid in substitute for care and support. Although the schemes have been evaluated within their own national contexts, little work has been done so far to explore the theoretical implications of their development and extension, particularly from an ethics of care perspective. This paper fills that gap by drawing on comparative evidence from several schemes across different nations to develop an analysis which draws on feminist theory and an ethics of care approach to examine: the gendered policy outcomes and impact of such schemes; a feminist analysis of the governance implications of personalisation; the implications for the gendered division of work, particularly between paid and unpaid care work and between different groups of paid and unpaid carers; an ethics of care analysis of the impact of personalisation over the lifecourse of disabled and older people, and carers; and a discussion of the relationship between commodification, empowerment, citizenship and choice drawing on the work of care ethicists.