ORGANISATION FOR ECONOMIC CO-OPERATION AND DEVELOPMENT
Publisher:
Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development
Publication year:
2003
Pagination:
119p., bibliog.
Place of publication:
Paris
In the face of rapid population ageing and the trend towards early retirement, there is a need to promote better employment opportunities for older people. Much has been said about the need for reform of old-age pensions and early retirement schemes but this may not be sufficient to raise employment rates for older people significantly or to reduce the future risk of labour shortages. Both
In the face of rapid population ageing and the trend towards early retirement, there is a need to promote better employment opportunities for older people. Much has been said about the need for reform of old-age pensions and early retirement schemes but this may not be sufficient to raise employment rates for older people significantly or to reduce the future risk of labour shortages. Both governments and firms will need to take active measures to adapt wage-setting practices to ageing workforces, to address the extent to which other welfare schemes act as pathways to early retirement, to tackle age discrimination and to improve the job skills and working conditions of older workers. In addition, older workers will need to change their own attitudes towards working longer and acquiring new skills. Little is known about what countries have been doing or should be doing in these areas. This report on Spain is part of a series of around 20 OECD country reports that are intended to fill this gap. Each report contains a survey of the main barriers to employment for older workers, an assessment of the adequacy and effectiveness of existing measures to overcome these barriers and a set of policy recommendations for further action by the public authorities and social partners.
Subject terms:
labour market, older people, pensions, social policy, ageing, demographics, employment;
Peer Review in Social Protection and Social Inclusion
Publication year:
2011
Pagination:
40p., bibliog.
Place of publication:
Vienna
... older’. The Peer Review was hosted by the UK Department for Work and Pensions and also involved representatives from Cyprus, Denmark, Finland, Hungary, Romania and Spain. This publication covers: the policy debate at European level; the main elements of the UK’s policy; the experiences in peer countries and stakeholder contributions; and discussions at the Peer Review meeting covering UK policy reforms
Peer Reviews are a key instrument of the EU framework ‘the open method of coordination’. They aim to enable open discussion on social protection and social inclusion policies in the different EU Member States and facilitate the mutual learning process among them. This publication reports on a Peer Review held in London in January 2011 which focused on strategies for building ‘a good place to grow older’. The Peer Review was hosted by the UK Department for Work and Pensions and also involved representatives from Cyprus, Denmark, Finland, Hungary, Romania and Spain. This publication covers: the policy debate at European level; the main elements of the UK’s policy; the experiences in peer countries and stakeholder contributions; and discussions at the Peer Review meeting covering UK policy reforms (including pension reform and reforms to health and social care), the role of ‘Big Society’, and the principles behind the reforms. The main conclusions and key lessons to emerge from the Peer Review relate to: the transferability of the UK reforms; older people as a societal resource; old age as part of life’s course; diversity; active ageing and the extension of working life; volunteering; partnerships across sectors; the role of stakeholder organisations; access to information; the role of the environment; and strategies for scaling up pilot projects.
Subject terms:
older people, pensions, policy, policy formulation, social care provision, ageing, European Union, health care;
Location(s):
Cyprus, Denmark, Hungary, Finland, Romania, Spain, United Kingdom
Social Policy and Administration, 43(6), December 2009, pp.649-665.
Publisher:
Wiley
Analysing the impact of exit options in the Netherlands, Spain, Sweden and the UK, this article examines the extent to which exit options have been introduced in health insurances, unemployment schemes and pension schemes, the extent to which these options are actually used by people, and the extent to which adverse selection (the theoretical tendency for low-risk individuals to drop out of voluntary insurance pools, with the result that pools can contain a disproportionate percentage of high-risk individuals) has occurred, noting that the common response to the challenge of adverse selection is obligatory and universal participation in such insurance schemes. It discusses the relation between free choice and exit options and the issue of adverse selection and its relation to solidarity. The author concludes that there is no trend is towards the introduction of exit options in social policies in the European welfare states that have been studied, that in some cases initiatives have been undertaken to extend coverage or introduce mandatory universal coverage instead of exit options, and that in the cases where exit options exist no convincing evidence of processes of adverse selection has been found, but notes the potential danger of adverse selection for solidarity and the necessity to monitor the introduction of opting out and its effects.
Analysing the impact of exit options in the Netherlands, Spain, Sweden and the UK, this article examines the extent to which exit options have been introduced in health insurances, unemployment schemes and pension schemes, the extent to which these options are actually used by people, and the extent to which adverse selection (the theoretical tendency for low-risk individuals to drop out of voluntary insurance pools, with the result that pools can contain a disproportionate percentage of high-risk individuals) has occurred, noting that the common response to the challenge of adverse selection is obligatory and universal participation in such insurance schemes. It discusses the relation between free choice and exit options and the issue of adverse selection and its relation to solidarity. The author concludes that there is no trend is towards the introduction of exit options in social policies in the European welfare states that have been studied, that in some cases initiatives have been undertaken to extend coverage or introduce mandatory universal coverage instead of exit options, and that in the cases where exit options exist no convincing evidence of processes of adverse selection has been found, but notes the potential danger of adverse selection for solidarity and the necessity to monitor the introduction of opting out and its effects.
Subject terms:
insurance, pensions, social policy, social care provision, welfare state, choice, health care, government policy;
International Journal of Social Welfare, 10(1), January 2001, pp.2-13.
Publisher:
Wiley
This article aims to determine which theory which best explains the development of social insurance programmes. The survival analyses of 4 social insurance programs in 18 OECD countries presents mixed results. The adoption of each social insurance program is developed and related to a combination of industrialism, modernisation, left-wing participation, state autonomy, and international environment. Based on these findings, it is concluded that no single paradigm adequately explains the adoption of each of the social insurance programmes. However, the combination of two society-centered approaches- namely, logic of industrialism and political conflict explanation - and a state-centered approach better explains the origin and development of modern social policy than does the international diffusion theory.
This article aims to determine which theory which best explains the development of social insurance programmes. The survival analyses of 4 social insurance programs in 18 OECD countries presents mixed results. The adoption of each social insurance program is developed and related to a combination of industrialism, modernisation, left-wing participation, state autonomy, and international environment. Based on these findings, it is concluded that no single paradigm adequately explains the adoption of each of the social insurance programmes. However, the combination of two society-centered approaches- namely, logic of industrialism and political conflict explanation - and a state-centered approach better explains the origin and development of modern social policy than does the international diffusion theory.
Canada, Australia, Austria, Belgium, Denmark, Finland, France, Italy, Japan, Germany, Netherlands, New Zealand, Norway, Sweden, Switzerland, Spain, United Kingdom, United States
... people; new changes in incomes, benefits and pensions; new changes in long-term care and support; and the implications of the economic crisis. Part 1 of the report considers social inclusion plans; part 2 considers incomes, pensions and benefits; and part 3 considers care and support. The report concludes with some recommendations and an example of best practice.
This report reviews national implementation in Spain of European Union social inclusion and social protection strategies, with particular reference to equality for disabled people. It is one of a series reviewing national implementation of the open method of coordination in social inclusion and social protection, and in particular the National Strategic Reports of member states from a disability equality perspective. A main aim is to provide the Commission with useful evidence in supporting disability policy mainstreaming. The first version of the report was published in 2008; this second version is updated with information available up to November 2009. It summarises changes since the 2008 report in the areas of: housing and homelessness; new strategies and actions for the inclusion of disabled people; new changes in incomes, benefits and pensions; new changes in long-term care and support; and the implications of the economic crisis. Part 1 of the report considers social inclusion plans; part 2 considers incomes, pensions and benefits; and part 3 considers care and support. The report concludes with some recommendations and an example of best practice.
Subject terms:
housing, low income, pensions, policy formulation, social inclusion, social policy, social welfare, benefits, disabilities, equal opportunities, European Union;
Provides a reference source for various modes of care (both formal and informal) for older people throughout Europe. Each chapter follows the same format and covers: demography; socio-political and administrative background; social security and pensions; housing; health care; mental health care; residential care; personal social services; voluntary care agencies and support organisations; leisure
Provides a reference source for various modes of care (both formal and informal) for older people throughout Europe. Each chapter follows the same format and covers: demography; socio-political and administrative background; social security and pensions; housing; health care; mental health care; residential care; personal social services; voluntary care agencies and support organisations; leisure pursuits and education; and older people in rural areas.
Subject terms:
housing, informal care, leisure, leisure activities, mental health services, older people, pensions, population, residential care, rural areas, social policy, social care provision, voluntary organisations, benefits, care homes, comparative studies, demographics, education, health care;