London School of Economics. Suntory-Toyota International Centre for Economics an
Publication year:
1993
Pagination:
60p.,bibliog.
Place of publication:
London
Presents a radical proposal for a new type of pension scheme designed to combine earnings related funded pensions with tax financed minimum pension provision in a single, simple system which will facilitate saving for old age and prevent pensioner poverty.
Presents a radical proposal for a new type of pension scheme designed to combine earnings related funded pensions with tax financed minimum pension provision in a single, simple system which will facilitate saving for old age and prevent pensioner poverty.
London School of Economics. Centre for Analysis of Social Exclusion
Publication year:
1999
Pagination:
25p.,bibliog.
Place of publication:
London
This paper analyses the proposals contained in the Government Green Paper,'A New Contract for Welfare: Partnership in Pensions' for low paid workers and the potential of the new rules to guarantee a decent income in old age. It discusses the general principles inherent in the design of the British pension system, analyses the balance of these principles as represented in the Green Paper,
This paper analyses the proposals contained in the Government Green Paper,'A New Contract for Welfare: Partnership in Pensions' for low paid workers and the potential of the new rules to guarantee a decent income in old age. It discusses the general principles inherent in the design of the British pension system, analyses the balance of these principles as represented in the Green Paper, and examines how the Government's proposals protect individuals from a means-tested old age. Identifies a number of design faults that could extend means-testing to a larger number of low paid workers. The paper then models lifetime incomes for a range of hypothetical, low-income individuals and their partners under the Green Paper's proposals.
Journal of Social Policy, 40(1), January 2011, pp.41-69.
Publisher:
Cambridge University Press
Place of publication:
Cambridge
This article examines the relationship between the family and work histories of older women and their personal incomes in later life. The analysis uses retrospective data from the first 15 waves of the British Household Panel Survey. The association between women's family histories and their incomes later in life are found to be relatively weak, explaining only a small proportion of the overall variation in older women's incomes. Divorce, early widowhood and re-marriage are not associated with any significant differences in older women's incomes, while motherhood is only associated with a small reduction in incomes later in life. While there are significant differences in the work histories of older women with different family histories, this translates into relatively small differences in their personal incomes, because the types of employment career pursued by most women are not associated with significantly higher retirement incomes and because public transfers dampen work history-related differentials, especially for widows. On the one hand, this could be seen as a positive finding in that the ‘pension penalty’ associated with life-course events such as motherhood and divorce is not as severe as often anticipated. On the other hand, the main reason for this is that the pension returns for working longer are relatively low, particularly for women with few qualifications. The analysis suggests that women retiring over the next two decades are unlikely to benefit significantly from the additional years they have spent in employment, because most of this increase has been in part-time employment.
This article examines the relationship between the family and work histories of older women and their personal incomes in later life. The analysis uses retrospective data from the first 15 waves of the British Household Panel Survey. The association between women's family histories and their incomes later in life are found to be relatively weak, explaining only a small proportion of the overall variation in older women's incomes. Divorce, early widowhood and re-marriage are not associated with any significant differences in older women's incomes, while motherhood is only associated with a small reduction in incomes later in life. While there are significant differences in the work histories of older women with different family histories, this translates into relatively small differences in their personal incomes, because the types of employment career pursued by most women are not associated with significantly higher retirement incomes and because public transfers dampen work history-related differentials, especially for widows. On the one hand, this could be seen as a positive finding in that the ‘pension penalty’ associated with life-course events such as motherhood and divorce is not as severe as often anticipated. On the other hand, the main reason for this is that the pension returns for working longer are relatively low, particularly for women with few qualifications. The analysis suggests that women retiring over the next two decades are unlikely to benefit significantly from the additional years they have spent in employment, because most of this increase has been in part-time employment.
Subject terms:
income, life events, older people, pensions, women, employment;
It is well known that the population is ageing but the implications for policy, and the statistics needed to inform policy, are the subject of current discussion amongst demographers. The growing proportion of the population that are older people is of primary interest in some key policy areas such as health, housing, social services and pensions, this latter including policies on benefits
It is well known that the population is ageing but the implications for policy, and the statistics needed to inform policy, are the subject of current discussion amongst demographers. The growing proportion of the population that are older people is of primary interest in some key policy areas such as health, housing, social services and pensions, this latter including policies on benefits and tax allowances. Intergenerational transfer between older and younger people, both financial and social, needs to be analysed. Whilst it is accepted that population ageing is inevitable, the speed of ageing and the future ageing structures of the population will vary depending on the key demographic components that cause population change. For example, the impact of fertility needs to be considered, as this is one of the main drivers of population ageing. This migration of older people and their geographical distribution will be important to those concerned with a service provision.
Subject terms:
older people, pensions, policy, social care provision, ageing, demographics, health needs;
London School of Economics. Suntory-Toyota International Centre for Economics an
Publication year:
1997
Pagination:
58p.,tables,bibliog.
Place of publication:
London
Paper comparing the performance of public pensions in providing a minimum income in old age in six countries: Australia, Chile, Italy, Poland, Sweden and the UK. Uses hypothetical individual life histories to assess the impact of low pay, unemployment, part-time work, and absences from work to care for children on pension entitlement on reaching pensionable age in each country. The pensions from each national pension system are calculated according to their current rules for the whole duration of each hypothetical life history and the resulting pensions are evaluated using four relative standards.
Paper comparing the performance of public pensions in providing a minimum income in old age in six countries: Australia, Chile, Italy, Poland, Sweden and the UK. Uses hypothetical individual life histories to assess the impact of low pay, unemployment, part-time work, and absences from work to care for children on pension entitlement on reaching pensionable age in each country. The pensions from each national pension system are calculated according to their current rules for the whole duration of each hypothetical life history and the resulting pensions are evaluated using four relative standards.
Social Policy and Administration, 34(3), September 2000, pp.296-317.
Publisher:
Wiley
This article analyses how New Labour's proposals (set out in the Green Paper " A New Contract for Welfare: Partnership in Pensions") will serve the low-income population and protect against a means-tested old age. Argues that the proposals will develop a new relationship between public and private pension provision which leads to a much wider role for means testing. It is found that, contrary
This article analyses how New Labour's proposals (set out in the Green Paper " A New Contract for Welfare: Partnership in Pensions") will serve the low-income population and protect against a means-tested old age. Argues that the proposals will develop a new relationship between public and private pension provision which leads to a much wider role for means testing. It is found that, contrary to the government's message, the proposed State Second Pension will not be a replacement for SERPS but will combine with the basic pension to provide a new flat-rate pension aimed at the poorest. Low-income individuals and those with broken work histories will face great difficulty in avoiding a means-tested old age. Far from simplifying the pension system, the proposals will add complexity, making it difficult for individuals to make an optimal pension choice. The authors conclude that the proposed pension partnerships are likely to be unsustainable and therefore likely to lead to a continuance of the cycle of pension reform.
Subject terms:
low income, pensions, policy formulation, politics, poverty, social policy, benefits, central government, evaluation;
Looks at the distribution of income over a persons life-cycle and at how the Government should play a role in this, rather than relying on the insurance market, savings, and intergenerational family support. Looks at which types of redistribution are achieved through policy, who benefits most, who slips through the system, which policies are most distributively effective, and what mix of policies might be best adapted to the new kinds of household, labour market and life style.
Looks at the distribution of income over a persons life-cycle and at how the Government should play a role in this, rather than relying on the insurance market, savings, and intergenerational family support. Looks at which types of redistribution are achieved through policy, who benefits most, who slips through the system, which policies are most distributively effective, and what mix of policies might be best adapted to the new kinds of household, labour market and life style.
Subject terms:
income, labour market, NHS, older people, pensions, policy formulation, politics, social policy, single parent families, welfare state, gender;