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Older adults affected by polyvictimization: a review of early research
- Author:
- RAMSEY-KLAWSNIK Holly
- Journal article citation:
- Journal of Elder Abuse and Neglect, 29(5), 2017, pp.299-312.
- Publisher:
- Taylor and Francis
- Place of publication:
- Philadelphia, USA
In contrast to work within the child-abuse field, polyvictimization of older adults did not become a focus of professional attention until this decade. Despite this lack of formal identification, a search of the research and practice literature revealed that prior research investigating single forms of or other elder abuse issues contained evidence of what was variously termed “multiple,” “multi-faceted,” “co-occurring,” or “hybrid” elder abuse. A wide range of victims (1.4%–89.7%) identified in existing elder abuse studies was found to have experienced what constitutes “polyvictimization.” This late-life polyvictimization evidence, the contexts in which victims are harmed, and information regarding the impact of multifaceted elder abuse are all presented and discussed in this article. Selected published cases illustrate the clinical dynamics operating in late-life polyvictimization situations. (Publisher abstract)
Co-production and participation: older people with high support needs
- Authors:
- SOCIAL CARE INSTITUTE FOR EXCELLENCE, et al
- Publisher:
- Social Care Institute for Excellence
- Publication year:
- 2012
- Pagination:
- 42p.
- Place of publication:
- London
This report provides a summary of the research literature on the participation and co-production of older people with high support needs. It identifies the benefits and barriers to participation and also includes a small-scale survey of good practice. The report notes that 'older people with high support needs' are a diverse group, falling into two strands of disadvantage - age and disability. Factors that may contribute to high support needs are also identified as: gender; ethnicity; religion and belief; lesbian, gay, bisexual and transgendered people; poverty; learning disability; dementia and mental health problems; sensory impairment and housing contexts. The report goes on to identify the benefits and barriers to participation and different ways of involving older people. A resources section sets out resources available to support co-production in social care, including assessment tools and examples of practice and service development undertaken in co-production. The conclusion offers recommendations for improving practice. The report will be of particular interest to commissioners of social and health care services; people working in housing provision; service users and others developing the co-production/participation agenda in care provision and service development.
SCIE research briefing 3: aiding communication with people with dementia
- Author:
- SOCIAL CARE INSTITUTE FOR EXCELLENCE
- Publisher:
- Social Care Institute for Excellence
- Publication year:
- 2005
- Place of publication:
- London
- Edition:
- Rev. ed.
A web-based briefing providing a concise summary of the current knowledge base on aiding communication with people with dementia. Coverage includes ethical considerations, views of service users and carers, innovative practice examples and implications for practice. Also highlights additional contacts and resources. The briefing was commissioned by the Social Care Institute for Excellence (SCIE). The latest edition of this Briefing was produced in April 2005 and the next updated is due in April 2006.
Hospital at home is a good option for many older people
- Author:
- NATIONAL INSTITUTE FOR HEALTH RESEARCH
- Publisher:
- National Institute for Health Research
- Publication year:
- 2022
- Place of publication:
- London
Summarises the findings from a study that explored whether hospital at home, led by a geriatrician, would allow older people to remain in their homes for longer, compared with hospital care. The study explored the costs of the service (compared to hospital care) and whether it helped people to recover from illness. The team interviewed older people and their caregivers to assess their experiences of the two services. The study included 1,000 people in 9 locations across the UK. It included people aged 65 years and older who were being considered for a hospital admission. One group of participants was admitted to hospital, the other received hospital at home (homecare). Homecare included a complete geriatric assessment along with care from different NHS specialists. All participants had access to hospital-based services when needed (including admissions), and primary care. Six months later, people in both groups were similarly likely to be living at home (79% homecare; 75% hospital). This was also true at 12 months (66% homecare; 67% hospital). The study also found that: a similar proportion of each group had died at 6 and 12 months; slightly fewer people in the homecare group were admitted for long-term residential care at 6 and 12 months; both groups had similar problems with memory and concentration (cognitive impairment) and carrying out daily activities at 6 months; people in the homecare group had less risk of sudden confusion (delirium) at 1 month follow-up than the hospital group; people in the homecare group were more likely to be transferred to hospital after 1 month, though by 6 months transfers to hospital were similarly likely in both groups. (Edited publisher abstract)
Perceptions and experiences of residents and relatives of emergencies in care homes: a systematic review and metasynthesis of qualitative research
- Authors:
- CURTIS Ffion, et al
- Journal article citation:
- Age and Ageing, 50(6), 2021, pp.1925-1934.
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
Background: the perceptions and experiences of care home residents and their families are important for understanding and improving the quality of emergency care. Methods: we conducted a systematic review and metasynthesis to understand the perceptions and experiences of care home residents and their family members who experienced medical emergencies in a care home setting. The review protocol was registered in PROSPERO (CRD42020167018). We searched five electronic databases, MEDLINE, CINAHL, PubMed, Cochrane Library and PsycINFO, supplemented with internet searches and forward and backward citation tracking from included studies and review articles. Data were synthesised thematically following the Thomas and Harden approach. The Critical Appraisal Skills Programme qualitative checklist was used to assess the quality of studies included in this review. Results: of the 6,140 references retrieved, 10 studies from four countries (Australia, Canada, UK and USA) were included in the review and metasynthesis. All the included studies were assessed as being of good quality. Through an iterative approach, we developed six analytical themes: (i) infrastructure and process requirements in care homes to prevent and address emergencies; (ii) the decision to transfer to hospital; (iii) experiences of transfer and hospitalisation for older patients; (iv) good communication is vital for desirable outcomes; (v) legal, regulatory and ethical concerns and (vi) trusting relationships enabled residents to feel safe. Conclusions: the emergency care experience for care home residents can be enhanced by ensuring resources, staff capacity and processes for high quality care and trusting relationships between staff, patients and relatives, underpinned by good communication and attention to ethical practice. (Edited publisher abstract)
Tackling loneliness evidence review
- Authors:
- QUALTER Pamela, et al
- Publisher:
- GREAT BRITAIN. Department for Digital, Culture, Media and Sport
- Publication year:
- 2022
- Pagination:
- 31
- Place of publication:
- London
This report aims to establish the evidence gaps in the field of loneliness, including those related to interventions; examine what existing evidence can be built on and what needs to be developed from first principles; determine which evidence gaps should be prioritised; and establish which pre-existing quantitative datasets could be used to address the prioritised evidence gaps, and identify which prospective cohort studies would be enhanced by inclusion of a measure of loneliness. As well as continuing to improve measurement, the review has identified eight priority areas: life course approach – looking at how loneliness changes over people’s lives; social stigma; societal culture – the impact of a collectivist vs individualistic society; mental health; place and context; workplace; economic evaluation; effectiveness of loneliness interventions. The number of studies examining interventions for loneliness has increased significantly in recent years and is diverse in terms of participant groups and intervention types, although most are for older people and western countries for groups or individuals. There are some school and community-based interventions with broad target groups. Social support and social network intervention strategies are most used because they are group face to face interventions, although digital is increasing. (Edited publisher abstract)
Housing and living well with dementia: from policy to practice in Greater Manchester
- Authors:
- GREATER MANCHESTER HEALTH AND SOCIAL CARE PARTNERSHIP, UNIVERSITY OF MANCHESTER
- Publisher:
- Greater Manchester Health and Social Care Partnership
- Publication year:
- 2021
- Pagination:
- 91
- Place of publication:
- Manchester
This report presents evidence and recommendations on potential interventions in housing to improve the lives of people living with dementia, with a specific focus on housing in community settings in Greater Manchester. The first part of the report consists of a rapid evidence assessment of the academic and grey literatures, including policies, research reports from nongovernmental organisations in addition to peer-reviewed research reports. The review looks at the social context of dementia; discrimination; ageism; language and terminology; inequalities; ethnicity and culture; the Covid-19 pandemic; diversity; support networks; and ageing in place. Part two provides a system-wide analysis mapping provision across Greater Manchester with a gap analysis covering medium and long-term need. Following an overview of demographic trends, the health and social care market, mainstream and specialised housing, part three of this report makes seven recommendations around: 1. accessible guidance and information; 2. integrated pathways; 3. planning ahead; 4. market-shaping; 5. combating stigma; 6. knowledge mobilisation and implementation; 7. evidence-based policy and practice. (Edited publisher abstract)
Older adults’ demand for integrated care and its influencing factors: a scoping review
- Authors:
- WANG Zhenyu, LIU Zhihan
- Journal article citation:
- International Journal of Integrated Care, 21(4), 2021, p.28. Online only
- Publisher:
- International Foundation for Integrated Care
Introduction: Integration has become a major concern for governments, healthcare and aged care systems in many countries. However, the research on and implementation of integrated care in China started relatively late, and there is no review on the needs of older adults with regard to integrated care and the influencing factors. Therefore, this paper aims to provide a scoping review by searching, evaluating, and summarizing the Chinese and international literature on the need for and the factors influencing integrated care for older people. In addition, this review highlights evidence of the gap between China and the world in integrated care. Methods: Using a framework proposed by Arksey and O’Malley, a systematic search of 12 domestic and international databases was conducted. Of the 890 original studies retrieved, those that met the established inclusion criteria were screened and scored using the Ekman quality assessment tool. The qualitative description method was used to summarize the demand for integrated care for older adults and the influencing factors. Results: A total of 49 papers were included. These studies were from eleven countries on five continents (most commonly China and the US) and were mostly cross-sectional quantitative studies that surveyed the integrated care needs of older people living in homes/communities or long-term care facilities. The analysis shows that existing research on the integrated care needs of older people in China adopts a single perspective and is inadequate and unsystematic in its assessment; the integrated care needs of older adults and the factors influencing them are multifaceted; and both in China and internationally, the community-home care scenario most consistently meets the needs and expectations of older adults. Conclusion: Although there is no uniform definition of integrated care in China or abroad and each country has its own national definition and system of integrated care, there are certain commonalities regarding the needs of older adults and the factors that influence them across countries. Our research reveals a gap between China and the international community in terms of integrated care. (Edited publisher abstract)
Prevalence of loneliness amongst older people in high-income countries: a systematic review and meta-analysis
- Authors:
- CHAWLA Kavita, et al
- Journal article citation:
- PLoS ONE, 16(7), 2021, Online only
- Publisher:
- Plos Publications
- Place of publication:
- San Francisco, CA
Background and objective: Loneliness is associated with increased rates of morbidity and mortality, and is a growing public health concern in later life. This study aimed to produce an evidence-based estimate of the prevalence of loneliness amongst older people (aged 60 years and above). Study design and setting: Systematic review and random-effects meta-analysis of observational studies from high income countries 2008 to 2020, identified from searches of five electronic databases (Medline, EMBASE, PsychINFO, CINAHL, Proquest Social Sciences Premium Collection). Studies were included if they measured loneliness in an unselected population. Results: Thirty-nine studies reported data on 120,000 older people from 29 countries. Thirty-one studies were suitable for meta-analysis. The pooled prevalence estimate of loneliness was 28.5% (95%CI: 23.9% - 33.2%). In twenty-nine studies reporting loneliness severity, the pooled prevalence was 25.9% (95%CI: 21.6% - 30.3%) for moderate loneliness and 7.9% (95%CI: 4.8% - 11.6%) for severe loneliness (z = -6.1, p < 0.001). Similar pooled prevalence estimates were observed for people aged 65–75 years (27.6%, 95%CI: 22.6% - 33.0%) and over 75 years (31.3%, 95%CI: 21.0% - 42.7%, z = 0.64, p = 0.52). Lower levels of loneliness were reported in studies from Northern Europe compared to South and Eastern Europe. Conclusions: Loneliness is common amongst older adults affecting approximately one in four in high income countries. There is no evidence of an increase in the prevalence of loneliness with age in the older population. The burden of loneliness is an important public health and social problem, despite severe loneliness being uncommon. (Edited publisher abstract)
Definitions, key themes and aspects of ‘ageing in place’: a scoping review
- Authors:
- PANI-HARREMAN Katinka E., et al
- Journal article citation:
- Ageing and Society, 41(9), 2021, pp.2026-2059.
- Publisher:
- Cambridge University Press
The purpose is to give an overview of the extent, range and nature of existing definitions of the concept ‘ageing in place’. Providing such an overview may be helpful, for policy makers, researchers, communities and service providers, to make sense of the versatility and uses of the concept, and allow the improvement and increase the success of efforts to contribute to the quality of life of older people. The overview was created using Arksey and O'Malley's scoping review methodology. Out of 3,692 retrieved articles, 34 met the inclusion criteria. These studies concentrate on the following five key themes concerning ‘ageing in place’: ‘ageing in place’ in relation to place, to social networks, to support, to technology and to personal characteristics. Each of these key themes consists of other aspects, like physical place and attachment to place for the keyword place. This study concludes that the concept ‘ageing in place’ is broad and can be viewed from different (i.e. five) key themes. A more thorough understanding of ‘ageing in place’ provides knowledge about the existing key themes and aspects. These findings might provide practical support for professionals and governments when they develop their policies about ‘ageing in place’ integrally and to develop fit policies. (Edited publisher abstract)