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Factors influencing intention to continue volunteering: a study of older Chinese in Hong Kong
- Authors:
- CHEUNG Francis Yue-lok, TANG Catherine So-kum, YAN Elsie Chau-wai
- Journal article citation:
- Journal of Social Service Research, 32(4), 2006, pp.193-209.
- Publisher:
- Taylor and Francis
- Place of publication:
- Philadelphia, USA
In this study the authors extended the volunteer process model (Omoto & Snyder, 1995) to identify factors influencing the persistence of volunteer activities in older Chinese. The study individually interviewed 318 older Chinese volunteers about their demographic information, history of volunteer activities, subjective health status, perceived social support, motivation for volunteering, integration into volunteer group, satisfaction from volunteer work, and intention to continue volunteering in the coming year. Bivariate correlation analyses generally supported the volunteer process model. In particular, intention to continue volunteering was related to antecedent factors of high educational attainment, mental well-being, social support, and fulfilment of altruistic and self-oriented motives as well as volunteer experiences of integration into the volunteer group and satisfaction with volunteer work. Results of a multiple regression analysis indicated that fulfilment of self-oriented motives was the most salient factor in predicting the persistence of volunteer activities when shared variances of various factors were also considered. The research and practical implications were discussed to facilitate the retention of older Chinese volunteers. (Copies of this article are available from: Haworth Document Delivery Centre, Haworth Press Inc., 10 Alice Street, Binghamton, NY 13904-1580).
Gender differences in expectations predictive of volunteer experience among older Chinese professionals in Hong Kong
- Authors:
- MJELDE-MOSSEY Lee Ann, CHI Iris
- Journal article citation:
- Journal of Ethnic and Cultural Diversity in Social Work, 13(4), 2004, pp.47-64.
- Publisher:
- Taylor and Francis
- Place of publication:
- Philadelphia, USA
This study examines gender differences in expectations predictive of volunteer experience. A sample of 438 Chinese professionals in Hong Kong ages 45-79, including retired (36.3%) and employed (63.7%), were asked about their expectations for volunteer work. Gender was evenly distributed, with 49.8% male and 50.2% female. Forty-three percent (43%) had volunteer experience. A multivariate logistic regression model was fit to sub-samples by gender, and gender differences emerged. For males, married and the expectation to utilize own skills were associated with volunteer experience. For females, self-rated health, retired, and the expectation to meet the needs of others were associated with volunteer experience. These results suggest that gender differences in expectations may influence volunteer activity. (Copies of this article are available from: Haworth Document Delivery Centre, Haworth Press Inc., 10 Alice Street, Binghamton, NY 13904-1580).
Promoting volunteering among older adults in Hong Kong: a randomized controlled trial
- Authors:
- JIANG Da, et al
- Journal article citation:
- Gerontologist, 60(5), 2020, pp.968-977.
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
Volunteering has consistently been associated with better mental, physical, and cognitive health in older adulthood. However, the volunteering rate of older adults in Hong Kong is much lower than in Western countries. Few studies have examined whether interventions can be effective in motivating older adults to volunteer in Hong Kong. To fill this gap, we conducted a randomized controlled trial to examine the impact of a theory-based social-cognitive intervention on volunteering. Research Design and Methods: A total of 264 community-dwelling older adults in Hong Kong (Mage = 69.95 years, SDage = 6.90 years, 81.06% female) were randomly assigned to either an experimental group or an active control group. Participants in the experimental group received 4 weekly 1-hr face-to-face volunteering intervention sessions. Those in the active control group received parallel sessions targeting physical activity instead of volunteering. The time spent on volunteering per month was self-reported and measured at baseline, 6 weeks, 3 months, and 6 months after the intervention. Self-efficacy, intention, action planning, and self-monitoring of volunteering were measured as mediators. Results: Monthly volunteering minutes increased among participants in the experimental group when compared with the active control group at 6-week, 3-month, and 6-month follow-ups. Self-efficacy, intention, and action planning consistently mediated the effect of the intervention on volunteering minutes. Discussion and Implications: The findings demonstrate the effectiveness of the intervention on volunteering behavior in older adults in Hong Kong through well-established behavior change techniques. (Publisher abstract)
To help and to learn: an exploratory study of peer tutors teaching older adults about technology
- Authors:
- FREDDOLINO Paul P., et al
- Journal article citation:
- Journal of Technology in Human Services, 28(4), October 2010, pp.217-239.
- Publisher:
- Taylor and Francis
- Place of publication:
- Philadelphia, USA
Computers and the internet are frequently mentioned as resources offering some potential to assist in dealing with the challenges of the cost of caring for an ageing population. However, the extent to which older adults and their caregivers can and will use computers varies widely. Hong Kong has a large number of older adults, aged 60 and above, who have never used computers. The Hong Kong Cyber Senior Network launched an initiative in 2007, called Lek Lek Lo C, aiming to train approximately 50 peer technology tutors each year to help older adults learn about information and communications technology. This article reports on a study of the scheme, which included focus group discussions with peer tutors and a questionnaire survey. It discusses their perceptions of preparation and training, benefits and challenges, and side effects on their lives, the perceived value of their work as tutors, and suggestions for personal and programme improvement. The results showed that tutors felt prepared for their roles, perceived considerably more benefits than challenges, saw value in their tutor work, and generally intended to continue working as tutors, but called for better logistical support in implementing the training classes for older adult students. An English translation of the primary survey used in the study is included in an appendix.
Inducing older adults into volunteer work to sustain their psychological well-being
- Authors:
- CHEUNG Chau-Kiu, KWAN Alex Yui-Huen
- Journal article citation:
- Ageing International, 31(1), Winter 2006, pp.44-58.
- Publisher:
- Springer
- Place of publication:
- New York
This study focuses on the ways in which social worker induction into volunteer work sustain the well-being of older people. The study surveyed 719 Chinese people aged 60 or above in Hong Kong, China. Results show significant contribution of social worker induction to the older person's self-esteem, life satisfaction, and self assessed health. Moreover, social worker induction magnified the benefit of volunteering. However, social worker induction was less salutary to older people with higher incomes and more illness.
A tablet-based volunteer-mediated intervention for cognitively impaired older people: a pretest-posttest
- Authors:
- CHEN Ke, LOU Vivian Wei Qun, LO Selina Siu Ching
- Journal article citation:
- Research on Social Work Practice, 30(3), 2020, pp.288-297.
- Publisher:
- Sage
Purpose: This study evaluated the potential effectiveness of a tablet-based, volunteer-led intervention (Lok Chi In-home Training) for cognitively impaired older people in improving cognitive and emotional health. Method: A one-group pretest and posttest design was adopted, involving 57 community-dwelling older people with cognitive impairments (Montreal Cognitive Score between 13 and 22, without neuropsychiatric behavioral problem). Trained volunteers performed eight in-home training sessions using a tablet to facilitate. Outcome measures include cognitive function, depression, activity of daily living, and instrumental activity of daily living. Results: A paired sample t test indicated that after receiving Lok Chi In-home Training, participants showed significantly large improvements on cognitive ability, moderate improvements on depression, and small improvements on instrumental activity of daily living. Conclusions: This study demonstrated the feasibility and potential benefits of Lok Chi intervention for improving cognition and emotion. (Publisher abstract)
How older residents benefit from the management of volunteer service
- Authors:
- CHEUNG Chau-Kiu, MA Stephen Kun
- Journal article citation:
- Administration in Social Work, 34(3), June 2010, pp.241-258.
- Publisher:
- Taylor and Francis
- Place of publication:
- Philadelphia, USA
Management, through screening, training, and deployment of volunteers, is likely to account for the effectiveness of the use of volunteer services by guaranteeing the provision of the quantity and quality of direct volunteer service to achieve the service goal. This study examined the contribution of a community volunteer project to older residents' adaptation to the living environment in Hong Kong, China. Interview data obtained from 193 residents, aged 52 to 96 years, indicated that the adequacy of management of the volunteer project tended to be responsible for the resident's adaptation. Results showed that management adequacy contributed to the resident's adaptation by raising the adequacy of direct volunteer service provision. Also, a resident who used the volunteer service more frequently found volunteer service management and provision more adequate. This link to adequacy represented the way that the volunteer service promoted the resident's adaptation. In conclusion, the authors suggest that the findings indicate the importance of adequacy in volunteer service management for ensuring the provision of effective services to raise the resident's adaptation.
The role of individual, interpersonal, and organisational factors in mitigating burnout among elderly Chinese volunteers
- Authors:
- YAN Elsie Chau-wai, TANG Catherine So-kum
- Journal article citation:
- International Journal of Geriatric Psychiatry, 18(9), September 2003, pp.795-802.
- Publisher:
- Wiley
This study examined the role of individual, interpersonal, and organisational factors in mitigating burnout among elderly Chinese volunteers in Hong Kong. A total of 295 elderly Chinese volunteers were individually interviewed on their demographic characteristics, voluntary service experience, physical health status, general self-efficacy, social support, satisfaction and perceived benefit from volunteer work, and burnout symptoms. Exploratory factor analysis was first performed to determine the underlying dimensions of burnout experience. Correlation analyses were then conducted to explore associations among major variables. Hierarchical regression analyses were also performed to unearth the relative contribution of various factors in predicting burnout among elderly volunteers. A two-factor structure of burnout, namely lack of personal accomplishment and emotional depletion, was found. Demographics, individual, interpersonal, and organizational factors were significant predictors of lack of personal accomplishment. In particular, personal accomplishment was best predicted by a long duration of voluntary work service and high levels of self-efficacy, work satisfaction, and perceived benefit. For emotional depletion, only demographics and individual factors were significant predictors. A low level of emotional depletion was best predicted by older age, a short duration of voluntary work experience, and good health. Burnout experience was evident among elderly Chinese volunteers. There were different predictors of affective and cognitive components of burnout. Findings have significant implications to attenuate burnout symptoms among elderly volunteers.