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Prevalence and impact of caregiving: a detailed comparison between dementia and nondementia caregivers
- Authors:
- ORY Marcia G., et al
- Journal article citation:
- Gerontologist, 39(2), April 1999, pp.177-185.
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
This article analyses data from more than 1,500 family caregivers in the USA from the 1996 National Caregiver Survey, and documents the ways in which dementia care is different from other types of family caregiving. Results found not only do dementia caregivers spend significantly more hours per week providing care than nondementia caregivers, they also report greater impacts in terms of employment complications, caregiver strain, mental and physical health problems, time for leisure and other family members, and family conflict. Study findings suggest the need to tailor programmes and services to the unique challenges faced by dementia caregivers.
Role conflict and role ambiguity as predictors of burnout among staff caring for elderly dementia patients
- Authors:
- BARBER Clifton E., IWAI Mieko
- Journal article citation:
- Journal of Gerontological Social Work, 26(1/2), 1996, pp.101-116.
- Publisher:
- Taylor and Francis
- Place of publication:
- Philadelphia, USA
Self-administered questionnaires were completed by staff providing direct care to institutionalised elderly patients with Alzheimer's Disease or a related dementia. Hierarchical multiple regression was used to investigate the relative influence of four sets of predictor variables on burnout: (a) staff characteristics, (b) workload and caregiving involvement, (c) work environment characteristics, and (d) social support. Staff burnout was measured using the Maslach Burnout Inventory (MBI), and specifically the Emotional Exhaustion subscale of the MBI. Work environment characteristics accounted for more than half of the explained variance in burnout; the majority of this variance being explained by the factor of role conflict. Describes the implications for re-structuring the work environment in long-term care settings.
Aspects of eldercare that place employees at risk
- Authors:
- GOTTLIEB Benjamin H., KELLOWAY E. Kevin, FRABONI Maryann
- Journal article citation:
- Gerontologist, 34(6), December 1994, pp.815-821.
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
Examines the contribution of seven different aspects of eldercare to the prediction of several work and personal outcomes among employees of eight organizations. Results revealed that assistance with at least one Activity of Daily Living, eldercare management activities, and the number of eldercare crises to which the employee responded, each placed respondents at risk of more family interference with work, more stress, and more personal and job costs.
The psychological wellbeing of supporters of the demented elderly
- Authors:
- EAGLES J.M., et al
- Journal article citation:
- British Journal of Psychiatry, 150, March 1987, pp.293-298.
- Publisher:
- Cambridge University Press
Reports on a survey, using the General Health Questionnaire and Relatives Stress Scale.
How to relieve stress in adult child caregivers of the older adults with disabilities: a survey study from the city of Nanjing, China
- Authors:
- et al, SHEN Suyan
- Journal article citation:
- Social Work in Health Care, 58(3), 2019, pp.291-303.
- Publisher:
- Taylor and Francis
- Place of publication:
- Philadelphia, USA
The care of older adults with disabilities (OADs) in China is mostly provided by their adult offspring. As the population continues to age, carer stress will increase. A survey of 900 adult child caregivers of OADs was conducted in Nanjing City, Jiangsu Province, China, and used to investigate the status and stress levels of caregivers in order to explore effective support for offspring caregivers and suggest improvements to the social care system. Multiple linear regression models were used to examine the effects of coping strategies on carer stress. Caregivers experienced stress at moderate or high levels due to physical, psychological, financial, and work issues. Stress was significantly associated with OADs’ health status and self-care ability, and the amount of care time. Caregivers sought help from their families to care for elderly parents, which significantly relieved stress. The purchase of social care services and professional medical services for OADs significantly reduced stress; however, for elderly persons with high self-care ability, the purchase of social care services increased caregiver stress, while government-subsidized family nursing allowances reduced it. It is necessary to focus on the role of family care to stimulate mutual family support, and to integrate society and government support systems. (Publisher abstract)
General and proximal associations between unpaid eldercare, time constraints and subjective well-being
- Authors:
- LAM Jack, GARCIA-ROMAN Joan
- Journal article citation:
- International Journal of Care and Caring, 1(1), 2017, pp.83-96.
- Publisher:
- Policy Press
Population ageing requires understanding the implications of eldercare. Using American Time Use Surveys, the authors find that caregivers spend less time on personal care and social activities/sports, and more time on housework, than individuals who do not provide any eldercare. They also report higher stress and lower happiness. In addition, caregivers may not provide care every day, but on days when they do, they also spend more time on housework and less on paid work, and report higher levels of sadness than on days when they do not provide care. Regular caregivers experience worse wellbeing than non-caregivers, but also experience additional strain on days when they provide care. (Edited publisher abstract)
Later life in 2015: managing major life changes. Analysis of the views and experiences of people aged 50 and over
- Author:
- DOCKING Rachel
- Publisher:
- Centre for Ageing Better
- Publication year:
- 2016
- Pagination:
- 11
- Place of publication:
- London
Drawing on data from in-depth interviews and a survey of 1,389 adults aged 50 and over in England collected as part of the Later Life in 2015 research project, this briefing discusses managing major life changes. It looks at what is meant by major life changes, and identifies key life changes in later life, including retirement; moving; becoming a carer; relationship breakdown; bereavement; change in health; end of life issues; and entering care. It then outlines some of the survey and interview data to examine whether having a positive outlook in later life help you manage life changes and who is in most need of support. Those identified at greatest risk of missing out on a good later life as they struggle to manage later life changes include: black and minority ethnic groups; people with an income of less than £25k; individuals in lower socioeconomic groups, people who are out of work but not retired, and people who have a long standing physical or mental impairment, illness or disability. (Edited publisher abstract)
Predictors of psychological distress in caregivers of older persons with wet age-related macular degeneration
- Authors:
- GOPINATHA Bamini, et al
- Journal article citation:
- Aging and Mental Health, 19(3), 2015, pp.239-246.
- Publisher:
- Taylor and Francis
Objectives: This study aimed to determine the predictors of subjective caregiver distress and other negative outcomes associated with caring for someone with advanced age-related macular degeneration (AMD). Methods: Cross-sectional, self-complete survey involving 500 caregivers of persons with advanced AMD. Respondents were identified from the Macular Disease Foundation of Australia client database. Logistic regression tested the independent effects of care recipient and caregiver characteristics on study outcomes, including: caregiver psychological well-being, participation in recreational/social activities and retirement plans. Results: Around one third of caregivers self-reported a high level of care recipient dependence. Over one in two caregivers reported a negative state of mind. Comorbid chronic illnesses in the care recipient were associated with the caregiver reporting psychological distress. If the care recipient was highly dependent on the caregiver, there was 99% greater likelihood of caregiver distress. Comorbid chronic conditions in the care recipient was associated with 49% and 31% higher odds of the caregiver reporting disruption to other areas of their life and retirement plans related to the caregiving experience, respectively. Conclusions: A high prevalence of caregiver distress related to caring for persons with advanced AMD was observed. Level of dependence on the caregiver and presence of comorbid chronic illnesses were independent predictors of the caregiver experiencing psychological distress. (Edited publisher abstract)
Survey of carers of older people in Northern Ireland
- Authors:
- MOONEY E., ORR J.
- Publisher:
- Northern Ireland. Department of Health, Social Services and Public Safety. Community Information Branch
- Publication year:
- 2006
- Pagination:
- 58p.
- Place of publication:
- Belfast
A survey of carers of older people was conducted in 2005, to both inform the Social Services Inspectorate inspection of social care services for older people and monitor the implementation of the Carers and Direct Payments Act for carers of older people. Each of the Health and Social Services Trusts providing a community service were given 50 self-completion questionnaires to distribute to carers who were in contact with Social Services in their Trust. In order to contact carers who may not have been in contact with Social Services, questionnaires were also distributed through contacts provided by Advice NI, an independent advice network which provides information on social issues affecting the community. A total of 294 completed questionnaires were returned. This publication describes the findings from the survey. It provides information on the characteristics of carers and the person cared for, the amount of time spent caring, whether carers were under stress, the services provided to carers by Social Services, carers’ assessments, contact and involvement with Social Services staff, and satisfaction with the amount and quality of services provided. A number of key findings are listed.
Resiliency in family caregivers: implications for social work practice
- Authors:
- ROSS Lynn, HOLLIMAN Diane, DIXON Danny R.
- Journal article citation:
- Journal of Gerontological Social Work, 40(3), 2003, pp.81-96.
- Publisher:
- Taylor and Francis
- Place of publication:
- Philadelphia, USA
A brief survey instrument (the Caregiver Resilience Instrument) was administered to informal caregivers (N = 23) in a rural area in southeast America. These caregivers had been identified as being 'resilient,' in that they had discovered methods of dealing successfully with the demands of caregiving for a person with Alzheimer's disease or a related dementia. Findings from this survey revealed common themes, ranging from identification of the most difficult aspects of caregiving to the benefits of caregiving, as well as ways these caregivers manage stress. Implications for social work practice with informal caregivers are presented in some detail. (Copies of this article are available from: Haworth Document Delivery Centre, Haworth Press Inc., 10 Alice Street, Binghamton, NY 13904-1580).