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Older parents who care for children with serious mental illness
- Author:
- KAUFMAN Allan V.
- Journal article citation:
- Journal of Gerontological Social Work, 29(4), 1998, pp.35-55.
- Publisher:
- Taylor and Francis
- Place of publication:
- Philadelphia, USA
This paper discusses the results of an exploratory study of a sample of older parents who lived with and provided care to adult children with serious mental illness in the USA. A majority of the parents reported high levels of social support from relatives and friends, and appeared to be coping adequately with the stress associated with their care giving activities. Most of the parents had made no concrete plans or arrangements for the future care of their seriously mentally ill children.
How to relieve stress in adult child caregivers of the older adults with disabilities: a survey study from the city of Nanjing, China
- Authors:
- et al, SHEN Suyan
- Journal article citation:
- Social Work in Health Care, 58(3), 2019, pp.291-303.
- Publisher:
- Taylor and Francis
- Place of publication:
- Philadelphia, USA
The care of older adults with disabilities (OADs) in China is mostly provided by their adult offspring. As the population continues to age, carer stress will increase. A survey of 900 adult child caregivers of OADs was conducted in Nanjing City, Jiangsu Province, China, and used to investigate the status and stress levels of caregivers in order to explore effective support for offspring caregivers and suggest improvements to the social care system. Multiple linear regression models were used to examine the effects of coping strategies on carer stress. Caregivers experienced stress at moderate or high levels due to physical, psychological, financial, and work issues. Stress was significantly associated with OADs’ health status and self-care ability, and the amount of care time. Caregivers sought help from their families to care for elderly parents, which significantly relieved stress. The purchase of social care services and professional medical services for OADs significantly reduced stress; however, for elderly persons with high self-care ability, the purchase of social care services increased caregiver stress, while government-subsidized family nursing allowances reduced it. It is necessary to focus on the role of family care to stimulate mutual family support, and to integrate society and government support systems. (Publisher abstract)
in the face of fear: how fear and anxiety affect our health and society, and what we can do about it
- Author:
- HALLIWELL Ed
- Publisher:
- Mental Health Foundation
- Publication year:
- 2009
- Pagination:
- 55p.
- Place of publication:
- London
Research suggests that we are becoming more fearful as a nation. A survey indicated that people perceive our world as having become more frightening and frightened. The Government’s Psychiatric Morbidity Surveys, published in February 2009, show significant increases in anxiety disorders between 1993 and 2007. The Mental Health Foundation believes these trends are linked. The more fearful people feel in the general population, the more people will be tipped over into diagnosable anxiety disorders. Key findings from the survey show that fear is a feature of nearly all mental health problems. It is also strongly linked to poor physical health and unhealthy lifestyle choices such as smoking and poor diet. Thirty seven per cent of people in a survey say they get frightened or anxious more often than they used to, compared to 28% who disagree, and 77% of people believe people in general are more frightened and anxious than they used to be. Younger people also consistently report greater fear than older people. This report recommends a mental health promotion strategy that addresses fear and anxiety. We need to target the whole population with education and awareness-raising to improve people’s ability to recognise and manage feelings and thoughts and how they affect behaviour.
The effectiveness of a telephone support program for caregivers of frail older adults
- Authors:
- SMITH Tamara L., TOSELAND Ronald W.
- Journal article citation:
- Gerontologist, 46(5), October 2006, pp.620-629.
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
This study aimed to evaluate the effectiveness of a telephone support group program on spouses and adult child caregivers of frail older adults. The Telephone Support Group (TSG) model is a multicomponent group program offered in 12 weekly, 90-minute group sessions. It includes emotion-focused and problem-focused coping strategies, education, and support. Thirty-six spouses and 61 adult children were recruited for the study and randomly assigned to TSG or to usual services. Participants were assessed before and after the completion of TSG or usual services. The results indicated that, for adult child caregivers, TSG was more effective than usual services in reducing burden, depression, social support, and pressing problems, and increasing knowledge and use of community services. They found no significant differences for spouse caregivers. TSG showed itself to be an effective means of delivering support to adult child caregivers of frail older adults but not to spouses. More research is needed about how to make TSG effective for spouse caregivers.
The influence of parental bonding on emotional distress in caregiving sons for a parent with dementia
- Author:
- DAIRE Andrew P.
- Journal article citation:
- Gerontologist, 42(6), December 2002, pp.766-771.
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
The purpose of this study was to investigate the influence of childhood parental bonding on emotional distress experienced by primary caregiving sons for a parent with dementia. Caregiving sons who identified more care in the childhood bond with their parent attributed less distress to their primary caregiver role. Sons reporting less care attributed more distress to the primary caregiver role. Results suggest that the parental bond developed during childhood may play a role in predicting the extent to which caregiving sons will attribute distress to their caregiving role.
The effects of offspring gender on older mothers caring for their sons and daughters with mental retardation
- Authors:
- FULLMER Elise M., TOBIN Sheldon S., SMITH Gregory C.
- Journal article citation:
- Gerontologist, 37(6), December 1997, pp.795-803.
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
Discusses how most caregivers of adults with mental retardation are older women, yet information is sparse regarding the nature of this support. This article explores the relationship between offspring gender and caregiving by older mothers. Finds that gender differences have implications for outreach to, and services for, these families.
Ripples of stress across the generations
- Author:
- GILLIARD Jane
- Journal article citation:
- Journal of Dementia Care, 4(4), July 1996, pp.16-17.
- Publisher:
- Hawker
When dementia affects their parent or grandparent, children can be victims too. The author writes that too often they are invisible to care services.
Role induction and caregiver strain: a structural equation approach
- Authors:
- BERG-WEGER Marla, RUBIO Doris McGartland
- Journal article citation:
- Journal of Social Service Research, 21(2), 1995, pp.33-53.
- Publisher:
- Taylor and Francis
- Place of publication:
- Philadelphia, USA
Using causal modelling, this study of 71 adult daughter caregivers of elderly parents examines direct and indirect relationships between two caregiver induction factors, caregiver reason for selection into the role and level of willingness to assume the role. The influence of caregiver reason for selection on level of willingness and post-induction caregiver strain is explored using structural equation modelling. Results suggest caregivers who perceive no other alternative for care are less willing to provide care. When caregivers perceive no alternative to care, they report decreased levels of willingness and increased strain. Implications for practice and future research are presented.
Stress and stress management: video directory
- Author:
- MENTAL HEALTH MEDIA COUNCIL
- Publisher:
- Mental Health Media Council
- Publication year:
- 1993
- Pagination:
- 30p.
- Place of publication:
- London
Mental health in learning disabilities: a training resource
- Editors:
- HOLT Geraldine, HARDY Steve, BOURAS Nick, (eds.)
- Publisher:
- Pavilion
- Publication year:
- 2005
- Place of publication:
- Brighton
- Edition:
- Rev. ed.
This pack aims to provide the trainer with up-to-date information and a variety of training techniques to develop skills and knowledge that support staff need to meet the mental health needs of people with learning disabilities. The resource is suitable for staff supporting people with learning disabilities in the community or in-patient services, and for staff working in either mainstream or specialist services. It includes modules on offending behaviour in people with learning disabilities, cultural diversity, working with families and psychological and social intervention. The materials for each module are contained on a CD and include: trainers notes, PowerPoint slides, handouts and evaluation forms.