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Examination of a theoretical model of psychological resilience in older age
- Authors:
- WIINDLE Gill, MARKLAND David A., WOODS Robert T.
- Journal article citation:
- Aging and Mental Health, 12(3), May 2008, pp.285-292.
- Publisher:
- Taylor and Francis
This article integrates a number of theoretical perspectives and examines the concept of psychological resilience in older age. Drawing on the literature it is hypothesised that an overarching construct-resilience-accounts for the functioning of a number of psychological resources (self-esteem, personal competence and control). The factorial validity of the resources as indicators of resilience is tested using confirmatory factor analysis. The analyses focus on previously unexplored survey data drawn from a representative sample of people aged between 50 and 90 in England, Wales and Scotland (N = 1847). The results find a common factor (a higher-order model) provides the best explanation of the relationships between the resources, demonstrating an important first account for developing further work on this concept. Exploring what might form the basis of resilience from a psychological perspective enables a deeper understanding of why some individuals can remain positive in difficult circumstances, particularly some of the challenges of ageing.
Resilience to health related adversity in older people
- Authors:
- GALLACHER John, et al
- Journal article citation:
- Quality in Ageing and Older Adults, 13(3), 2012, pp.197-204.
- Publisher:
- Emerald
Resilience (the ability to adapt positively to adversity), has been shown to be important in influencing health-related behaviours in older adults and to be linked to psychological well-being. This paper describes the Age-Well, Feel-Good study undertaken in South Wales, which explored the impact of cognitive and affective factors on perceived health. The study involved online assessment of a sample of 667 men and women aged 50 years or more, covering demographics, self-report health status and financial managing, vascular disease (heart disease, stroke or diabetes), sources of income, psychological status and cognitive function. The article describes the study methodology, analysis and results. It reports that, after adjustment for vascular disease, self-esteem was associated with higher perceived health while depression was associated with lower perceived health, and that self-efficacy and anxiety were not associated with perceived health. It discusses the findings and suggests that, in relation to health adversities, interventions to improve self-esteem and ameliorate depression are likely to increase resilience.
Resilience: understanding the interdependence between individuals and communities
- Authors:
- DAVIES Alisha R., et al
- Publisher:
- Public Health Wales
- Publication year:
- 2019
- Pagination:
- 58
- Place of publication:
- Cardiff
Drawing on the results of a literature review, this report brings together evidence on individual and community resilience, and the interdependence between the two. It draws on examples of programmes to strengthen resilience across the life course and in communities, and looks at approaches to measuring change in resilience. The report highlights how people’s sense of wellbeing, how well they cope emotionally, and how they engage socially are the key factors for resilience, which in turn contribute to wider community resilience. Resilient communities can draw on the assets within people, place and wider economic factors. It also finds that resilience is not fixed but changes at different points in peoples' lives. The report highlights a range of activities that improve community and individual resilience, including: encouraging good relationships and connections with others; establishing a healthy family environment and early positive parent-child relationships; promoting good health and mental wellbeing in adulthood, including developing positive relationships and social capital through engaging with the community; and enhancing the resilience of older people though building positive relationships, strengthening social connections and meaningful engagement, alongside enhancing autonomy and independence. It concludes with a summary of the key messages. (Edited publisher abstract)
The anatomy of resilience: toolkit
- Authors:
- BLOOD Imogen, COPEMAN Ian
- Publisher:
- Social Care Wales
- Publication year:
- 2017
- Pagination:
- 24
- Place of publication:
- Cardiff
This toolkit aims to support the social care sector to help older people remain independent in their communities for longer. It is based on the Anatomy of Resilience model, which supports preventative and strength-based ways of working with older people. The model was developed from the findings of research which asked older people what well-being meant to them and what helped them achieve it. The toolkit shows how the model can be used by practitioners, local authorities and health board responsible for planning social care, and commissioners to support older people in the community. It also shows how using a strengths based approach supports the aims of the Social Services and Wellbeing Act. It includes prompts, reflective questions and practical examples to help focus ways of working with older people which identifies and build on their strengths and in a way that supports their wellbeing. It is aimed at practitioners working with older people in the community, and planners and commissioners of care and support services for older people. (Edited publisher abstract)
Hearing the voices of older people in Wales: what helps and hinders us as we age? Research report
- Authors:
- BLOOD Imogen, COPEMAN Ian, PANNELL Jenny
- Publisher:
- Social Services Improvement Agency
- Publication year:
- 2016
- Pagination:
- 92
- Place of publication:
- Cardiff
Drawing on interviews and focus groups with 135 older people living in urban and rural areas in Wales this report looks at what helps and what gets in the way of wellbeing for older people and those caring for them. The findings are presented around key themes, and include direct quotations from participants. Themes cover: what matters most to older people and their carers for a 'good life'; relationships and bereavement; the factors that help and hinder older people in achieving well-being, which includes discussion of transport, the home environment, neighbourhood, money, information technology, and the specific challenges that face people from black and minority ethnic communities; perceptions and experiences of social services, the NHS and the voluntary sector. The final chapter looks at learning from the report for a whole system approach to prevention. It looks at what prevention and independence means to older people and their carers and what this means for organisations supporting older people. It concludes by identifying five themes that were important to older people and their carers: choice and control; a strong sense of identity and belonging; coping with worry and uncertainty; planning for change and transitions; and feeling socially connected. It makes suggestions for change to help services adapt to and meet people’s changing needs to support their independence and allow them to continue to participate in their communities. (Edited publisher abstract)
Together for Mental Health delivery plan: 2016-19: consultation document
- Author:
- WALES. Welsh Government
- Publisher:
- Wales. Welsh Government
- Publication year:
- 2016
- Pagination:
- 31
- Place of publication:
- Cardiff
A consultation on the delivery plan of the Welsh Government’s strategy to improve mental health and well-being, for the period 2016-19. The strategy consists of five chapters and is underpinned by 18 outcomes which are set out in this document. Strategy outcomes and delivery plan priority areas have been mapped against the goals of the Well-being of Future Generations (Wales) Act (2015). The priority areas identified in the delivery plan are: all children have the best possible start in life, enabled by giving parents / care-givers the support they need; all children and young people are more resilient and better able to tackle poor mental well-being when it occurs; children and young people experiencing mental health problems get better sooner; people at working age are more resilient and better able to tackle poor mental well-being when it occurs; people with mental health problems, their families and carers are treated with dignity and respect; services meet the needs of the diverse population of Wales; people with a mental health problem have access to appropriate, evidence based and timely services; people of all ages experience sustained improvement to their mental health and well-being through access to positive life chances; Wales is a ‘Dementia Friendly Nation’; the quality of life for older people is improved, particularly through addressing loneliness and isolation. The consultation closes on 4 April 2016. (Edited publisher abstract)
The anatomy of resilience: helps and hindrances as we age. A review of the literature
- Authors:
- BLOOD Imogen, COPEMAN Ian, PANNELL Jenny
- Publisher:
- Social Services Improvement Agency
- Publication year:
- 2015
- Pagination:
- 62
- Place of publication:
- Cardiff
Reports on the findings of a literature review to examine the outcomes that matter most to older people in relation to their personal wellbeing, the barriers that prevent older people achieving these outcomes and the role the statutory and voluntary sector, community networks and informal carers play in reducing these barriers. The review looks at the Welsh and wider UK literature and focuses on carers and older people who are not already engaged in services. Findings are discussed in the areas of: relationships, community, finance, health, home, psychological resources, information, and working and learning. The review proposes a model to understand the sorts of crises which bring people into contact with social services or to unplanned long-term care. The model focuses on the crisis triggers of carer breakdown, crime and abuse, falls, and loneliness. The review then discusses approaches and models for ‘prevention’ before highlighting the cross-cutting themes that emerged from the evidence review and their implications for service providers and policy makers. The review highlights the importance of ‘social connectedness’ and of building on the strengths in individuals, families and communities. (Edited publisher abstract)
Adding life to years: Welsh approaches to ageing policy
- Author:
- OSMOND John
- Publisher:
- Institute of Welsh Affairs
- Publication year:
- 2010
- Pagination:
- 52p.
- Place of publication:
- Cardiff
Ageing is one of the most important issues in public policy today. This bilingual report paper explores specifically Welsh response to these demographic changes, particularly the Welsh Government’s policy which has been developing in a number of innovative ways since 2003. That year saw the appointment of a Minister for Older People which was followed by legislation for the appointment of a Commissioner for Older People, thought to be the first its kind in Europe. A major theme of this report is that society needs to re-think its attitude to ageing and see the process in more positive terms than is generally the case. The report considers the following headline concerns for older people: the challenges of living on a fixed income; the complex interface between social services and the NHS; independent living and care home charges; isolation and loneliness, especially in rural areas where lack of public transport is a common problem; age discrimination; dementia; dignity and respect; and ill-health prevention. It also considers the following six suggestions for issues that the Older People’s commissioner might prioritise: ensuring easily accessible sources of information and advice on issues surrounding ageing; changing attitudes towards ageing; housing for older people; enhancing the status of care homes and the care that is delivered in them; promoting learning about how people can cope and adjust to the challenges of ageing; and developing initiatives which promote creativity and engagement in older people.