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Definition and classification of assisted living
- Authors:
- ZIMMERMAN Sheryl, SLOANE Philip D.
- Journal article citation:
- Gerontologist, 47(3), December 2007, pp.33-39.
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
The purpose of this article is to discuss the benefits and limitations of, and considerations in, developing a typology of assisted living (AL). The authors conducted a review and comparison of nine AL typologies drawn from the literature. Typologies addressed matters related to the structure, process, population, and philosophy of AL to varying degrees. A lack of available data and different sampling frames hindered attempts to quantitatively compare the typologies. Typologies are potentially useful for consumers, practitioners, policy makers, and researchers. It is advisable to identify state-based typologies and then empirically determine types that have national representation. Stakeholders should consider the tradeoff between sensitivity and specificity and allow any resulting typology to anticipate ongoing evolution in the field of AL.
'Our real challenge is to deliver more for less'
- Author:
- NACIF Ana Paula
- Journal article citation:
- Local Government Chronicle, 4.10.07, 2007, pp.16-17.
- Publisher:
- Emap Business
Despite its excellent performance ratings, Buckinghamshire County Council had issues with resident dissatisfaction. This article reports on its Transformation project, set up to deliver better and cheaper services, which brought together a group of local over-50S to ask them what they really wanted.
My Home Life: a new vision for care home practice
- Authors:
- OWEN Tom, MEYER Julienne
- Journal article citation:
- Journal of Dementia Care, 15(5), September 2007, pp.28-30.
- Publisher:
- Hawker
The My Home Life programme aims to improve the quality of life for everyone involved in care homes - residents, staff and visitors. This article outlines the vision of My Home Life and discusses the eight best practice themes identified: managing transitions; maintaining identity; creating community; sharing decision-making; improving health and healthcare; supporting good end-of-life care; keeping workforce fit for purpose; and promoting positive culture.
The state of chronic pain in the elderly
- Author:
- MURPHY Katherine
- Journal article citation:
- Working with Older People, 11(2), June 2007, pp.32-34.
- Publisher:
- Emerald
The author looks at the findings of the Patient's Association survey, which sought to examine how care home residents' pain is managed.
Staying active and promoting well-being among the elderly: a study of old age homes in Orissa
- Author:
- MISHRA Anindya Jayanta
- Journal article citation:
- Indian Journal of Social Work, 68(4), October 2007, pp.561-572.
- Publisher:
- Tata Institute of Social Sciences
A convenience sample of 55 residents from six care homes in on district of India were interviewed to examine their quality of life. Residents were asked about the reasons for coming to the home, their current health status and the leisure or work activities they were involved in. Most residents were satisfied with the homes. The fact that homes took care of their basic needs (food, accommodation, shelter and medical care) were cited as the main reason for their satisfaction. However, being in touch with friends were contributory factors.
Determinants and effects of nurse staffing intensity and skill mix in residential care/assisted living settings
- Authors:
- STEARNS Sally C., et al
- Journal article citation:
- Gerontologist, 47(5), October 2007, pp.662-671.
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
Residential care/assisted living facilities have become an alternative to nursing homes for many individuals, yet little information exists about staffing in these settings and the effect of staffing. This study analyzed the intensity and skill mix of nursing staff using data from a four-state study, and their relationship to outcomes. The study used longitudinal data for 1,894 residents of 170 residential care/assisted living facilities participating in the Collaborative Studies of Long-Term Care. Descriptive statistics assessed the levels of direct care staff (registered nurse, licensed practical nurse, personal care aide). Regression analyses evaluated the relationship between two staffing measures (intensity measured as care hours per resident and skill mix measured as the percentage of total care hours by licensed nurses), facility characteristics, and four health outcomes (mortality, nursing home transfer, hospitalization, and incident morbidity). Care hours per resident decreased with facility size (economies of scale) only for very small facilities and increased with dementia prevalence (case-mix effect). Licensed staff accounted for a greater proportion of total hours in nonprofit settings. Health outcomes did not vary by total care hours per resident, but hospitalization rates were significantly lower in facilities with higher proportions of skilled staff hours; this effect was stronger as dementia case mix increased. Current staffing levels for the outcomes analyzed meet most residents' needs. Reduced hospitalization in relation to greater use of licensed staff suggests that increased use of these workers might result in reductions in acute care expenditures.
Helping older people in residential care remain full citizens
- Author:
- SCOURFIELD Peter
- Journal article citation:
- British Journal of Social Work, 37(7), October 2007, pp.1135-1152.
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
This paper examines how the moves to bring older people into deliberative democratic processes have tended to focus on those in their ‘Third Age’. Those in institutional settings, being in the ‘Fourth Age’, occupy a much more marginal position. This effective disenfranchisement is yet another reason why, for many, the move into residential care - a difficult transition for a variety of reasons - becomes regarded as the ‘last refuge’. It contributes to the sense of loss of identity, lowering of self-esteem and a reduced sense of personhood. This article accepts that there should be more effective involvement of care home residents in decision making about their personal care. However, there are dangers in adopting a too narrowly consumerist approach. This can reinforce a reductionist view of care home residents simply as ‘service users’ - a form of ‘othering’ in itself. As citizens and members of a wider community, they should be included in consultations about any community and wider political debates that affect them. Such a proposal implies a widening and deepening of advocacy services available to this group. As most older people in residential care are there following the intervention of a social care professional, then ensuring that they have access to advocacy must surely be a key task. This paper argues that this is frustrated by the lack of suitable services. Without a significant investment by the Government in independent advocacy services, not only is the social work task with one of social care’s core client groups rendered impossible, but the Government cannot deliver on its own agenda of empowerment, active citizenship and inclusion.
Dignity through design - how the architecture can make a difference
- Author:
- SARRE Judy
- Journal article citation:
- Working with Older People, 11(2), June 2007, pp.28-31.
- Publisher:
- Emerald
This article explains the background and thinking behind Archadias's award-winning design for New Larchwood, and extra care housing scheme developed by Hanover Housing Association in partnership with Brighton and Hove City Council, which aims to bring dignity through design to its residents.
Dementia and depression among nursing home residents in Lebanon: a pilot study
- Authors:
- CHAHINE L.M., et al
- Journal article citation:
- International Journal of Geriatric Psychiatry, 22(4), April 2007, pp.283-285.
- Publisher:
- Wiley
The aim of this study was to investigate the prevalence of dementia and depression among a portion of nursing home residents (NHR) in Lebanon and describe the characteristics of NHR afflicted with dementia and depression. Of 200 NHR from three NH in Lebanon, 117 were selected by random sampling. Data on demographics and medical history were collected. An Arabic version of the Mini-Mental Status Examination and Geriatric Depression Scale (GDS) were administered. The final sample consisted of 102 NHR. Sixty-one (59.8%) had dementia of some kind. Seventeen (27.9%) had mild dementia, 14 (22.9%) had moderate dementia, and 30 (49.2%) had severe dementia. Forty-five (57.7%) of the NHR tested had depression as measured by a GDS score of more than 10. Dementia and depression were present in more than half of the NHR in our sample. The results highlight the importance of screening NHR for dementia and depression on admission and at regular time intervals.
The prevalence and recognition of major depression among low-level aged care residents with and without cognitive impairment
- Authors:
- DAVISON T. E., et al
- Journal article citation:
- Aging and Mental Health, 11(1), January 2007, pp.82-88.
- Publisher:
- Taylor and Francis
Previous research has demonstrated a high level of depression in nursing homes. The current study was designed to determine the prevalence of depression, using a structured diagnostic interview, among older people with and without mild-moderate cognitive impairment residing in low-level care facilities. The results demonstrated that, consistent with previous research in nursing homes, 16.9% of older people were diagnosed with major depressive disorder. Less than half of these cases had been detected or treated. Individuals with moderate cognitive impairment were more likely to be depressed, but cognitive impairment did not appear to act as a strong impediment to the detection of depression by general practitioners. A low awareness of their use of antidepressant medications was demonstrated among older people prescribed this treatment, including those with normal cognitive function. Reasons for the poor recognition of depression among older people are discussed.