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Poverty of elderly people in EU25: first report: revised July 2006
- Authors:
- ZAIDI Ashgar, et al
- Publisher:
- European Centre for Social Welfare Policy and Research
- Publication year:
- 2006
- Pagination:
- 63p., tables
- Place of publication:
- Vienna
- Edition:
- Rev. ed.
These findings are that, in the early years of the 21st century, about 13 million elderly people are at risk of poverty in 25 EU member States, amounting to as many as one-in-six of all 74 million elderly people living in EU. Cyprus, Ireland, Spain, Portugal, Greece and the United Kingdom are identified as the countries with the highest poverty risk for the elderly population. The new member States are largely countries with the lowest risk of elderly poverty. In 14 out of all 25 member countries the elderly populations are more often at risk of being poor in comparison to working-age populations. The relative risk of elderly poverty is particularly high in Cyprus, Ireland and Slovenia. Poland, the Czech Republic, Slovakia, Lithuania, Latvia, the Netherlands and Luxembourg are at the other end of the spectrum, where the elderly are better protected against the risk of poverty than the working-age individuals. In the majority of countries, the poverty risk is clearly higher for female elderly - more so in EU15 than in the new member countries. In general, it can be seen that females aged 75 and over show the highest at-risk-of-poverty rates.
Immigration, living arrangement and the poverty risk of older adults in Hong Kong
- Authors:
- CHAN Lih-Shing, CHOU Kee-Lee
- Journal article citation:
- International Journal of Social Welfare, 25(3), 2016, p.247–258.
- Publisher:
- Wiley
Using 2011 census data, this study investigated how living arrangement affects disparities in poverty between older adults (aged 65 and older) who migrated to Hong Kong from Mainland China and those who were born in Hong Kong. The sample consisted of 29,987 immigrants and 9,398 natives, all of whom were ethnic Chinese and living in Hong Kong at the time of the census. The authors found higher poverty rates among older immigrants than among natives, a disparity that persisted even after adjusting for living arrangement, human capital characteristics, assimilation-related variables, household composition and demographic characteristics. The authors also found that living arrangement moderated the impact of immigrant status on the poverty risk among older adults, and that the impact was due mainly to the number of earners in the household. The implications of the results with respect to poverty among older adults and anti-poverty measures are discussed. (Edited publisher abstract)
Fuel poverty and disability
- Authors:
- LAXTON Clare, PARCKAR Guy
- Publisher:
- Leonard Cheshire Disability
- Publication year:
- 2009
- Pagination:
- 37p.
- Place of publication:
- London
In January 2008 Leonard Cheshire Disability published the ‘Disability poverty in the UK’ report. The report examined the continuing links between disability and poverty and set out a broad definition of what disability poverty means, and how it can be tackled. The report found that disabled people are twice as likely to live in relative low-income as nondisabled people. The extent of disability poverty in the UK, combined with the anecdotal evidence from many disabled people that fuel costs are a particular problem, make a powerful case that it is necessary to investigate the links between disability and fuel poverty. Despite some recent reductions in the costs of fuel, the overall trend in recent years has been a substantial increase in fuel costs. This report draws together the evidence of the likelihood of experiencing fuel poverty, making the case as to why fuel poverty is a major issue for disabled people, and proposing some policy recommendations to help address it. It defines fuel poverty and highlights why disabled people in the UK are vulnerable. The study emphasises the link between disability and fuel poverty, and encourages the UK government to formulate an appropriate policy.
Unmet needs and depressive symptoms among low-income older adults
- Authors:
- CHOI Namkee G., McDOUGALL Graham
- Journal article citation:
- Journal of Gerontological Social Work, 52(6), August 2009, pp.567-583.
- Publisher:
- Taylor and Francis
- Place of publication:
- Philadelphia, USA
This study examined whether low-income older adults' perceived unmet need for home- and community-based services for many ageing-associated problems would be independently associated with their depressive symptoms, controlling for known risk and protective factors. A total of 213 community-residing older people were interviewed to assess their depressive symptoms, using the Geriatric Depression Scale (GDS), and unmet needs in the areas of personal assistance, instrumental and environmental support, emotional support and other facilitative/enabling services. Findings were that the number of unmet needs was significantly positively associated with these older adults' depressive symptoms, although it explained only a small proportion of the variance of the GDS scores. Future research and practice implications are discussed.
The Bulgarian pension reform: post-accession issues and challenges
- Authors:
- ASENOVA Darinka, MCKINNON Roddy
- Journal article citation:
- Journal of European Social Policy, 17(4), November 2007, pp.389-396.
- Publisher:
- Sage
Focusing on the social impacts of the 2000—2 pension reform in Bulgaria, the article examines how Bulgarian pensioners cope with income risk in old age. Reporting that old-age pensions are frequently inadequate to household consumption needs, the authors argue for more generous tax-financed social pensions alongside contributory pension provision, to combat old-age poverty. As the poorest country to date to achieve European Union accession, the article concludes by suggesting that Bulgaria's pursuit of fuller integration and development within the EU cannot be divorced from better meeting the social security needs of its ageing population.
Supporting people: key findings from the supporting people baseline user survey
- Author:
- GREAT BRITAIN. Office of the Deputy Prime Minister
- Publisher:
- Great Britain. Office of the Deputy Prime Minister
- Publication year:
- 2005
- Pagination:
- 8p.
- Place of publication:
- London
Summary that outlines the key findings from a survey of people using services that are eligible for funding via the Supporting People programme, conducted before the programme went live. Identifies older people with support needs as the key users of Supporting People (71%), with single homeless people making up 8% of users and homeless families 2% of all users. Examines types of services received by users and types of services they would like to receive.
Pension policy in EU25 and its possible impact on elderly poverty: second report: revised July 2006
- Authors:
- ZAIDID Ashgar, MARIN Bernd, FUCHS Michael
- Publisher:
- European Centre for Social Welfare Policy and Research
- Publication year:
- 2006
- Pagination:
- 109p.
- Place of publication:
- Vienna
- Edition:
- Rev. ed.
This report provides insights into how pension reforms may impact on retirement incomes and risk of poverty among future pensioners. One common trend is that the generosity of pension benefits drawn from the public pension systems is on the decline. Moreover, reforms have changed in most instances the nature of pension provision from defined-benefit type provision to defined-contribution type provision. In general, this type of change shifts more pension risks towards the generation of current working age individuals, and also results in a more restrictive possibilities of redistribution to lower income individuals. In turn, it is likely that more and more pensioners will fall back on the means-tested social assistance benefits (where available) or else experience poverty.
Identifying vulnerable older people: insights from Thailand
- Author:
- LLOYD-SHERLOCK Peter
- Journal article citation:
- Ageing and Society, 26(1), January 2006, pp.81-103.
- Publisher:
- Cambridge University Press
This paper explores the usefulness of the ‘asset vulnerability framework’, as devised by Moser (1998), for assessing the economic wellbeing of older people living in poor rural and urban communities in Thailand. The paper shows the limitations and potential biases of assessments based purely on reported income levels. It then sets out the key principles of the asset vulnerability framework, which seeks to combine information about exposure to different economic risks with the relative capacity to deal with them. Drawing on survey data, the paper maps resilience to economic risk, finding that the very old and those living in rural communities are in the most precarious position, whereas gender differences are less apparent. The asset vulnerability framework is then applied to specific forms of risk: catastrophic health expenditure and the death of a child caused by HIV/AIDS. Patterns of vulnerability revealed by the framework roughly accord with those revealed by reported income, but there are important differences, such as the size of the vulnerability gap between rural and urban populations.
Risk factors for reported elder abuse and neglect: a nine-year observational cohort study
- Authors:
- LACHS Mark S., et al
- Journal article citation:
- Gerontologist, 37(4), August 1997, pp.469-474.
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
Determines longitudinal risk factors for elder abuse and neglect, an established cohort of community-dwelling older adults was linked with elderly protective service records over a 9-year follow-up period. In pooled logistic regression, age, race, poverty, functional disability, and cognitive impairment were identified as risk factors for reported elder mistreatment. Additionally, the onset of new cognitive impairment was also associated with elder abuse and neglect. Concludes that because the mechanism of elder mistreatment case-finding used in this study was a social welfare system, the influence of race and poverty as risk factors is likely to be overestimated due to reporting bias.
A profile of older people in Northern Ireland: annual update (2015)
- Author:
- NORTHERN IRELAND. Statistics and Research Agency
- Publisher:
- Northern Ireland Statistics and Research Agency
- Publication year:
- 2015
- Pagination:
- 126
- Place of publication:
- Belfast
The fourth in a series of annual statistical reports produced to highlight the socio-economic circumstances of older people in Northern Ireland, monitor changes in their circumstances over time and the factors that cause them to be at risk of exclusion. Chapters cover: population estimates and projections; health, residential care, community care and carers; numbers and characteristics of pensioner households; composition of low income pensioner groups; risk of falling into low income pensioner groups; comparison of low income groups in Northern Ireland and the UK; lifestyle, including access to the internet; fuel poverty; and crime. Findings reported include: that number and proportion of older people in the population is steadily increasing and is projected to continue to do so; as age increases so does the likelihood of them suffering a long term condition; and that households headed by older people were much more likely to be living in fuel poverty than other households in 2011. (Edited publisher abstract)