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Disability and dependency in old age: a demographic and social audit
- Author:
- McGLONE Francis
- Publisher:
- Family Policy Studies Centre
- Publication year:
- 1992
- Pagination:
- 44p.,tables,bibliog.
- Place of publication:
- London
Paper exploring disability and dependency in old age. Looks at the social and economic circumstances of disabled older people and assesses the consequences of recent policy changes for their choice of care and support.
The Cambridge handbook of age and ageing
- Editors:
- JOHNSON Malcolm L., (ed.)
- Publisher:
- Cambridge University Press
- Publication year:
- 2005
- Pagination:
- 744p.
- Place of publication:
- Cambridge
This is a guide to the current body of knowledge, theory, policy and practice relevant to age researchers and gerontologists around the world. It contains almost 80 original chapters, commissioned and written by the world's leading gerontologists from 16 countries and 5 continents. The broad focus of the book is on the behavioural and social sciences but it also includes important contributions from the biological and medical sciences. It provides comprehensive, accessible and authoritative accounts of all the key topics in the field ranging from theories of ageing, to demography, physical aspects of ageing, mental processes and ageing, nursing and health care for older people, the social context of ageing, cross cultural perspectives, relationships, quality of life, gender, and financial and policy provision.
Longitudinal changes in the amount of informal care among publicly paid home care recipients
- Author:
- LI Lydia W.
- Journal article citation:
- Gerontologist, 45(4), August 2005, pp.465-473.
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
This study examined how the amount of informal care received by disabled elders changes when they are receiving publicly paid home care, and whether formal service use, disability, caregiving arrangements, and demographic characteristics of older adults predict changes in the amount of informal care. Hierarchical linear models were estimated, using 3-year data (12 repeated observations) collected from 888 elderly participants in Michigan's Home- and Community-Based Medicaid Waiver Program. The amount of informal care declined in the beginning period when publicly paid home care was received, and then it stabilized. Changes in activities and instrumental activities of daily living and caregiver residence predicted changes in the amount. The living arrangement and age of elders predicted different patterns of change over time. Neither formal service amount nor its change significantly predicted the amount of informal care. The study concludes informal caregivers do not relinquish caregiving when publicly paid home care is available. Expanding community-based long-term care is a means of fostering partnerships between formal and informal caregivers.
Baseline experience with Modified Mini Mental State Exam: The Women's Health Initiative Memory Study (WHIMS)
- Authors:
- RAPP S. R., et al
- Journal article citation:
- Aging and Mental Health, 7(3), May 2003, pp.217-223.
- Publisher:
- Taylor and Francis
The Modified Mini Mental State Exam (3MS) is widely used for screening global cognitive functioning, however little is known about its performance in clinical trials. The authors report the distribution of 3MS scores among women enrolled in the Women's Health Initiative Memory Study (WHIMS) and describe differences in these scores associated with age, education, and ethnicity. The 3MS exams were administered to 7,480 women aged 65-80 who had volunteered for and were eligible for a clinical trial on postmenopausal hormone therapy. General linear models were used to describe demographic differences among scores. Factor analysis was used to characterize the correlational structure of exam subscales. The distribution of 3MS scores at baseline was compressed in WHIMS compared to population-based data. Mean 3MS scores (overall 95.1) tended to decrease with age and increase with education, however these associations varied among ethnic groups ( p < 0.0001) even after adjustment for health, physical disability and occupation attainment. Four factors accounted for 37% of the total variance. Each varied with education and ethnicity; the two most prominent factors also varied with age. Despite relatively narrow distributions in WHIMS, baseline 3MS scores retained associations with age and education. These associations varied among ethnic groups, so that care must be taken in comparing data across populations.
Aging, disability, and disabled older people in India
- Author:
- PRAKASH Indira Jai
- Journal article citation:
- Journal of Aging and Social Policy, 15(23), 2003, pp.67-83.
- Publisher:
- Routledge
- Place of publication:
- Philadelphia, USA
India is witnessing a demographic revolution, leading to a considerable increase in the proportion of older people in the population. Similarly, life expectancy of both the mentally and physically disabled has improved considerably. About 5% of Indian older people have problems with physical mobility. Aging has become a gender issue in India not only because more women are surviving into old age; they are also vulnerable and disadvantaged in many ways. In most cases they are the only caregivers available for the old and disabled. Older Indians are considered a high-risk group for multiple morbidity. It is estimated that nearly four million Indians suffer from mental problems. India has around 12 million people designated as “handicapped.” However, little information is available about disabled people who grow older. The National Policy on Older Persons, which has been recently formulated, aims at providing an improved quality of life for millions of older Indians. However, the concerns of older disabled and of the disabled who grow old are still treated separately in both policy and practice.
Linking aging theory and disability models: increasing the potential to explore aging with physical impairment
- Author:
- PUTNAM Michelle
- Journal article citation:
- Gerontologist, 42(6), December 2002, pp.799-806.
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
Most social theories of aging do not directly address aging with physical impairment or the cumulative experience of disability over the life course. Potential exists for social theories of aging to be applied to the experience of aging with physical impairment. To do so, physical impairment and disability must be clearly operationalised. The author suggests using social models of disability as frameworks in this process and provides examples of how this might be done with current social theories of aging.
Mortality of people with intellectual disability in northern Sydney
- Author:
- BAKER Wesley
- Journal article citation:
- Journal of Intellectual and Developmental Disability, 27(4), December 2002, pp.255-264.
- Publisher:
- Taylor and Francis
A population-derived cohort of 693 people with intellectual disability in the Lower North Shore (LNS) area of Sydney, New South Wales, Australia was followed from 1989 to 1999 to determine mortality rates, the demographics of the deceased, and causes of death. The general population of LNS was used for comparison. Age- and sex-adjusted mortality rates were higher than those in the LNS population. The main cause of death was respiratory disease, followed by external causes and cancer. Of those who had died, the greatest proportion were functioning in the severe to profound range of intellectual disability, and half were living in institutional care. Public health resources and services need to be directed to this vulnerable population in order to address the excess mortality.
Mortality of persons with intellectual disability in residential care in Israel 1991-1997
- Author:
- MERRICK Joav
- Journal article citation:
- Journal of Intellectual and Developmental Disability, 27(4), December 2002, pp.265-272.
- Publisher:
- Taylor and Francis
Reports on the number of deaths for the period 1991-1997 in Israeli residential centres. Some 450 deaths were reported, corresponding to a mortality rate of 10.25 deaths per 1000 population per year. The number of deaths compared with those in the general population. Information on the age and sex distribution, level of intellectual disability, ethnic background and cause of death is presented.
Promoting modern technology and internet access for under-represented older populations
- Authors:
- IRIZARRY Carol, DOWNING Andrew, WEST Deborah
- Journal article citation:
- Journal of Technology in Human Services, 19(4), November 2002, pp.13-30.
- Publisher:
- Taylor and Francis
- Place of publication:
- Philadelphia, USA
Reports on an Australian research based programme which was designed to introduce the concepts of modern technology and some Internet skills to people over 55. Target populations included people in rural areas, those with a first language other than English and people who were frail or had a disability. Informal, interactive, hands-on sessions were developed which demonstrated the concepts underpinning modern computer-based devices and their applications in society. Major findings indicated that most participants identified feeling less anxious and more confident about using a new range of computer-based skills.
Profile of disability in elderly people: estimates from a longitudinal population study
- Authors:
- MELZER David, et al
- Journal article citation:
- British Medical Journal, 24.4.99, 1999, pp.1108-1111.
- Publisher:
- British Medical Association
Reports on a study estimating the numbers of cognitively impaired and physically disabled elderly people in England and Wales, subdivided by a range of sociodemographic, dependency, care recipient, and survival variables. Results found that very elderly people and those with cognitive impairment make up a large population of those in need of long term care. A large proportion of disabled elderly still live outside institutions and depend on formal services as well as informal caregivers. The research also found that the disabled elderly also use acute hospitals extensively, underlining the interrelations between acute and long term care.