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Care of older people: a comparison of systems in North America, Europe and Japan
- Authors:
- CARPENTER Iain, et al, (eds)
- Publisher:
- Farrand
- Publication year:
- 1999
- Pagination:
- 225p.
- Place of publication:
- London
Comparative analyses of care systems and policies for older people: in North America, European countries, and Japan. The book centres on assessment needs and outcomes.
Best place of care for older people after acute and during sub-acute illness: report of a national survey
- Authors:
- PARKER Gillian, et al
- Publisher:
- University of Leicester. Nuffield Community Care Studies Unit
- Publication year:
- 1999
- Pagination:
- 200p.
- Place of publication:
- Leicester
Acute hospital care is not necessarily the best way to look after all older people when they are ill. Their illnesses may not require the extensive range of services offered in an acute hospital and the admission and stay in an acute hospital, in itself, can be harmful for some frail people. The results of the systematic review of literature comparing alternative models of care with ‘conventional’ care for older people indicated that stroke units, early discharge schemes and in-patient rehabilitation delivered better outcomes at discharge in terms of mortality, physical function and discharge destination. However, it was unclear whether the improvements are maintained over the longer term or why they were achieved. The most significant finding was the lack of firm evidence about the quality, costs and effectiveness of different places of care. However, there is some evidence that admission avoidance schemes may have potential for reducing costs without worsening outcomes.
Biographical interviews: the link between research and practice
- Editor:
- BORNAT Joanna
- Publisher:
- Centre for Policy on Ageing
- Publication year:
- 1999
- Pagination:
- 40p.,bibliogs.
- Place of publication:
- London
Biographical, life history and reminiscence-based approaches to health and social care work with older people have proved extremely popular over the last fifteen years. Researchers have consistently demonstrated positive outcomes when older people are provided with opportunities to recall and review a past life. Each of the contributors to this study has developed biographical approaches to research and practice in original ways. The aim is to develop an awareness of the direct contribution which familiarity with a life history can make to good quality care practice.
Short-term persistent depression following hip fracture: a risk factor and target to increase resilience in elderly people
- Authors:
- ZIMMERMAN Sheryl Itkin, et al
- Journal article citation:
- Social Work Research, 23(3), September 1999, pp.187-196.
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
Persistent depression is a risk factor for poor recovery following hip fracture in older people. The purpose of this American study is to clarify the relationship between depression and functional recovery at one year and to investigate which characteristics discriminate people who are at greatest risk of poor outcomes. Results suggest that persistent depression as a marker for poor recovery generalizes beyond hip fracture.
Perceived social control as a mediator of the relationships among social support, psychological well-being and perceived health
- Authors:
- BISCONTI Toni L., BERGEMAN C.S.
- Journal article citation:
- Gerontologist, 39(1), February 1999, pp.94-103.
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
The purpose of the present study was to delineate the process by which social support facilitates better health outcomes in older adulthood. In order to best understand the process behind the support-outcome relationship, an aspect of perceived control specific to the social domain was hypothesised to mediate the said relationship. This examination begins to illuminate the process by which social support may facilitate well-being in older adulthood by focusing on the internal structures that may play a crucial role in the utilisation of the social support.
The outcomes of an inpatient treatment program for geriatric patients with dementia and dysfunctional behaviors
- Authors:
- HOLM Alvin, et al
- Journal article citation:
- Gerontologist, 39(6), December 1999, pp.668-676.
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
Evaluates the outcomes of an inpatient programme in the USA, designed to reduce severe agitated behavior in geriatric patients with dementia who could not be successfully treated on an outpatient basis. An individualized treatment plan was created for each patient that involved pharmacological and nonpharmacological interventions with behavioural, environmental, and psychological components. Significant improvements on these assessments were observed. Concludes that the longitudinal, multidisciplinary approach used in this study was effective in significantly reducing intrusive and dangerous behaviours while preserving or enhancing patients' cognitive and functional abilities.
Towards 'holistic' home care
- Author:
- BELL Lesley
- Journal article citation:
- Care Plan, 6(2), December 1999, pp.18-19.
- Publisher:
- Positive Publications/ Anglia Polytechnic University, Faculty of Health and Social Work
Despite its importance, home care has largely been outside the field of regulation. The Joint Initiative for Community Care (JICC) was asked by the Government to develop national standards for regulating providers of domiciliary care. The author, and director of JICC, describes how the standards will operate and the importance of staff development and training.
Cross-cultural differences in demented geropsychiatric inpatients with behavioral disturbances
- Authors:
- AKPAFFIONG Macjohn, et al
- Journal article citation:
- International Journal of Geriatric Psychiatry, 14(10), October 1999, pp.845-850.
- Publisher:
- Wiley
Cross-cultural differences in treatment and diagnosis exist in several psychiatric disorders. This American study examines the phenomenological and treatment differences between Caucasian and African-American patients presenting to a geropsychiatric unit for treatment of behavioural disturbances associated with dementia. Results found both groups of patients responded similarly to like treatment on an inpatient geropsychiatric unit. Concludes that the similarity may be explained by the multi-ethnic make-up of the interdisciplinary treatment team and by the use of standardised scales to measure symptomatology and response.
Seeking residents' views in homes for older people: a user's perspective approach
- Authors:
- WALKERDEN Steve, CAMPBELL Tina
- Journal article citation:
- Managing Community Care, 7(5), October 1999, pp.35-43.
- Publisher:
- Pavilion
This article describes the experiences of a major provider of residential care for older people in Australia, in ascertaining the views of their residents. It discusses resource implications, outlines benefits and recommends the use of a specific approach which provides a practical demonstration of commitment to quality care.
Quality of life for people with dementia: approaches to the challenge measurement
- Author:
- BOND John
- Journal article citation:
- Ageing and Society, 19(5), September 1999, pp.561-579.
- Publisher:
- Cambridge University Press
The different perspectives on dementia within the biomedical, psychological and social models of disability lead to radically different meanings of the concept 'quality of life' and approaches to its assessment. This article examines these different approaches and proposes a broad research agenda which is underpinned by two key principles. First, people with dementia and their informal caregivers should be involved in the development of usable outcome measures relevant to their needs and circumstances. Second, the scientific community in partnership with those directly affected, should develop a pluralistic approach to the assessment of outcome. This should take account of both the meaning of the condition to people with dementia and their informal caregivers and cost utility from a societal perspective.