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Evidence-based interventions with older adults: concluding thoughts
- Authors:
- KROPF Nancy P., CUMMINGS Sherry M.
- Journal article citation:
- Journal of Gerontological Social Work, 50(S1), 2008, pp.345-355.
- Publisher:
- Taylor and Francis
- Place of publication:
- Philadelphia, USA
This paper summarises the findings of the systematic reviews of psychosocial interventions reported in this issue of the journal, identifying effective intervention approaches for physical health problems, mental health problems and particular social roles (end of life care, family carers, grandparent carers, people with developmental disabilities and their carers). Problems with psychosocial intervention research are noted, including the small size and methodological weakness of many studies, a failure to report the details of an intervention and its implementation, and lack of consensus over which outcomes should be measured. Future research studies need to be larger, more robustly designed and with long term follow-up. They also need to cover more diverse populations (e.g. ethnic minority groups) and more diverse topics in addition to the problems of functional decline. (Copies of this article are available from: Haworth Document Delivery Centre, Haworth Press Inc., 10 Alice Street, Binghamton, NY 13904-1580).
Treating older persons with severe mental illness in the community: impact of an interdisciplinary geriatric mental health team
- Author:
- CUMMINGS Sherry M.
- Journal article citation:
- Journal of Gerontological Social Work, 52(1), January 2009, pp.17-31.
- Publisher:
- Taylor and Francis
- Place of publication:
- Philadelphia, USA
This study examines the treatment efficacy of a mental health geriatric interdisciplinary team in Tennessee, which includes social workers, a psychologist, a clinical nurse specialist, a psychiatrist, case managers and a programme manager, all with geriatric training. The sample consisted of 69 community dwelling clients aged 55 or older with severe mental health problems defined as schizophrenia, schizoaffective disorder, bipolar disorder or major recurrent depression. The majority had major recurrent depression. The results show a reduction in depressive symptoms and psychiatric hospital admissions, and an increase in life satisfaction, at six-month follow-up. No changes were found in health status or in medical hospital admissions.
Substance abuse
- Authors:
- CUMMINGS Sherry M., et al
- Journal article citation:
- Journal of Gerontological Social Work, 50(S1), 2008, pp.215-241.
- Publisher:
- Taylor and Francis
- Place of publication:
- Philadelphia, USA
Although the prevalence of alcohol abuse is generally less among older than younger people in the USA, it poses particular risks for increased morbidity and mortality among older people. It is also expected to increase as the population ages. However, little attention has been paid to the development and evaluation of interventions for this population. This systematically conducted review identifies nine outcome studies, finding that promising interventions include those that are age-specific, less confrontational and cognitive-behavioural in approach. The paper concludes with a ‘treatment resource appendix’ directed at American social workers. (Copies of this article are available from: Haworth Document Delivery Centre, Haworth Press Inc., 10 Alice Street, Binghamton, NY 13904-1580).
Alcohol abuse treatment for older adults: a review of recent empirical research
- Authors:
- CUMMINGS Sherry M., BRIDE Brian, RAWLINS-SHAW Ann M.
- Journal article citation:
- Journal of Evidence-Based Social Work, 3(1), 2006, pp.79-99.
- Publisher:
- Taylor and Francis
- Place of publication:
- Philadelphia, USA
The purpose of this article is to enhance social work practitioners and researchers' understanding of the nature of elder alcohol abuse, the needs of elders with alcohol abuse disorders, and the availability of effective treatment strategies by reviewing the epidemiological and outcomes research literatures related to alcohol abuse and the elderly. The few empirical studies that examine outcomes associated with the treatment of elderly substance abusers reveal positive outcomes, especially when “age-specific,” cognitive-behavioural, and less confrontational treatment approaches are employed. The authors highlight the need for further research concerning the nature of alcohol abuse among the elderly and the impact of specific alcohol treatment strategies on older adults. Such research should consider the needs and experiences of specific sub-populations of elders such as women, minorities, and those with late onset disorders. (Copies of this article are available from: Haworth Document Delivery Centre, Haworth Press Inc., 10 Alice Street, Binghamton, NY 13904-1580).
Evidenced-based treatment for older adults
- Authors:
- CUMMINGS Sherry M., et al
- Journal article citation:
- Journal of Evidence-Based Social Work, 1(4), 2004, pp.53-81.
- Publisher:
- Taylor and Francis
- Place of publication:
- Philadelphia, USA
This article reviews the outcomes research literature related to individual and group treatments for older adults and their familial caregivers. Empirically based research studies published between 1985 and the present were examined for this review. Results indicate an emerging evidence base of efficacious psychosocial interventions for older individuals and their families. Most consistent support was found for treatments employing cognitive-behavioral, problem-solving, and reminiscence therapies. Many gaps do exist in the literature, however, and replication studies are needed. Implications are discussed.