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Historical evolution of assisted living in the United States, 1979 to the present
- Author:
- WILSON Keren Brown
- Journal article citation:
- Gerontologist, 47(3), December 2007, pp.8-22.
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
This article provides a historical overview of the emergence of assisted living in the United States over a 25-year period to identify goals and key concepts that underpinned the emerging form of care. The method is historical analysis based on records and my own personal experiences in conceptualizing and implementing assisted living in Oregon and nationwide. The author identified four time periods: (a) 1979 to 1985, when a paradigm shift occurred on both the East and West coasts, motivated by distaste for nursing facilities and idealistic values regarding residential environments, service capacity, and consumer-centered care philosophy; (b) 1986 to 1993, when providers, consumers, and state governments became interested and four identifiable types of assisted living (hybrid, hospitality, housing, and health care) appeared, each of which informed the evolution of assisted living; (c) 1994 to 2000, a period of expansion, Wall Street money, dilution of the ideals, and emerging quality concerns; a crisis of confidence and a crossroads for assisted living; (d) 2000 to the present, a time of regrouping, slow-down in growth, and reexamination of earlier efforts to define and set standards for assisted living. Implications: Well-conceptualized and designed research may provide a mechanism to suggest practice, regulatory, and payment models. The author recommends that researchers conduct studies from the values premises underlying the assisted living approach.
Let's go Dutch
- Author:
- VALIOS Natalie
- Journal article citation:
- Community Care, 10.2.00, 2000, p.26.
- Publisher:
- Reed Business Information
Talks to Meic Phillips, a winner of last year's Isabel Schwarz Travel Fellowship about how colleagues in Europe have developed sheltered housing.
"More than just a few kind words!": reshaping support in sheltered housing: a good practice guide for housing providers and local authorities
- Author:
- NATIONAL HOUSING FEDERATION
- Publisher:
- National Housing Federation
- Publication year:
- 2010
- Pagination:
- 31p.
- Place of publication:
- London
As society is ageing, a better range of choices are needed to enable people to live fuller lives into old age. In addition to developing new buildings and new service models, existing resources must be used effectively. As part of the Ministerial Working Group on Sheltered Housing, the National Housing Federation were commissioned to produce a good practice guide on reshaping support in sheltered housing for housing providers and local authorities. Launched at a meeting of the group in January, this document promotes good practice in the delivery of varied support models for older people and in the implementation of any changes to current services. This document, broken into ten parts includes sections on: drivers for change; recognising the ongoing potential in sheltered housing; managing change; future directions for future housing services; developing the service structure; developing the service content; developing a strategy for remodelling support services in sheltered housing; and re-commissioning sheltered housing services.
Models of very sheltered housing: rethinking housing for older people
- Author:
- KING Nigel
- Journal article citation:
- Housing Care and Support, 4(3), August 2001, pp.22-25.
- Publisher:
- Emerald
This year's Reith lectures focused on older people and questioned the inevitability of the ageing process. One lecture was to an audience of older people living in an 'extra care' scheme focused on activity and health - 'adding life to years'. In a specially commissioned series of articles, the author explains how extra care models and new 'retirement communities' are becoming an alternative to residential care and traditional sheltered housing. The first offers a typology for extra care. The second will be about modelling the care services, and the third on land and building development issues.
Extra care housing: getting the facts straight and improving practice
- Authors:
- RISEBOROUGH Moyra, PORTEUS Jeremy
- Journal article citation:
- Housing Care and Support, 6(4), November 2003, pp.22-28.
- Publisher:
- Emerald
Presents an overview on what extra care housing is (sometimes called very sheltered housing) and makes a few points on what really helps improve commissioning. Also draws on innovative and up-to-date material developed for the Department of Health's Housing Learning and Improvement Network by Moyra Riseborough from CURS at the University of Birmingham and Peter Fletcher of Peter Fletcher Associates.
Residential care and housing: a model for the year 2050
- Author:
- HARBERT W.B
- Publisher:
- Help the Aged
- Publication year:
- 1993
- Pagination:
- 26p.,bibliog.
- Place of publication:
- London
Paper suggesting that long term care systems have been created by political, administrative, financial and staffing arrangements rather than the needs of individual users. Advocates a fundamental policy shift to dispersed or to sheltered housing and away from residential care in order to better meet the housing needs of older people.
Social well-being in extra care housing
- Authors:
- EVANS Simon, VALLELLY Sarah
- Publisher:
- Joseph Rowntree Foundation
- Publication year:
- 2007
- Pagination:
- 81p., bibliog.
- Place of publication:
- York
A look at ways of promoting and facilitating the social well-being of ‘frail’ people living in extra care housing. The well-being of older people is an important issue for policy across health, housing and social care, and local authorities are increasingly considering extra care as a way of replacing older models of residential care provision and addressing low demand for traditional forms of sheltered housing. The researchers interviewed residents and managers from six extra care housing schemes in England to explore their experiences. They conclude that the social well-being of tenants should be a major consideration in the planning, designing and management of extra care housing and they identify a range of factors that need to be taken into account.
Extra care villages: meeting the needs of a new century
- Author:
- PAYNE John
- Journal article citation:
- Housing Care and Support, 5(1), February 2002, pp.15-18.
- Publisher:
- Emerald
Extra care housing, which provides housing and 24-hour support, must be a more positive way to meet older people's needs than traditional residential care. The article explores a village model which provides substantial communal facilities and mixed-tenure possibilities. Consideration is given to current and future developments.
Europe's models of independence
- Author:
- FLETCHER Peter
- Journal article citation:
- Working with Older People, 4(2), April 2000, pp.12-16.
- Publisher:
- Emerald
Drawing on models from across Europe, the author describes how the use of institutional care is being minimised and older people with high care needs are being housed in new and innovative settings. Looks at how changes are being driven by attempts to promote normal living, encourage involvement, provide information, and increase access and high standards.
North Tyneside Living: an integrated housing, health and social care model to deliver preventative and enabling sheltered housing services
- Authors:
- MARSTON Roy, et al
- Publisher:
- Housing Learning and Improvement Network
- Publication year:
- 2014
- Pagination:
- 11
- Place of publication:
- London
Case study reporting on an innovative service partnership in North Tyneside, between housing, health and adult social care, for the delivery of a preventative and enabling sheltered housing service. The case study outlines the process for redesigning the sheltered housing service, provides a description of the service delivery model, and details selected outcomes achieved during the pilot implementation. Areas of the sheltered housing service identified for redevelopment were: prevention, reablement and early intervention; services to support and promote the well-being of tenants (social, community and leisure activities); and workforce development. The service delivery model provides aimed to support for all aspects of a rich and satisfying life, from nurturing and/or maintaining social engagement and activities, to promoting good physical health, or supporting people to manage their chronic conditions and disabilities. Evidence suggests that this new model promotes prevention and brings services to older tenants. As well as being cost effective in monetary terms, tenants also indicate that it improves their quality of life. (Edited publisher abstract)