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Variations in structures, processes and outcomes of community mental health teams for older people: a systematic review of the literature
- Authors:
- ABENDSTERN M., et al
- Journal article citation:
- Aging and Mental Health, 16(7), September 2012, pp.861-873.
- Publisher:
- Taylor and Francis
Specialist community mental health teams (CMHTs) are central to the provision of comprehensive services for older people with mental ill health. Recent guidance documents suggest a core set of attributes that such teams should encompass. This literature review explored existing evidence regarding the structures and processes of CMHTs for older people and to evaluate evidence linking approaches to effectiveness. Searches were limited to the UK for descriptions of organisation and practice. Forty-five studies met inclusion criteria of which seven provided comparative outcome data. Limited evidence was found regarding the effectiveness of many of the core attributes recommended in policy directives although their presence was reported in much of the literature. The contrast between presentation and evaluation of attributes is stark. Whilst some gaps can be filled from related fields, further research is required to evaluate the impact of team design on service user outcomes in order to inform future guidance.
Promising practices useful in the design of an intergenerational program: ten assertions guiding program development
- Authors:
- BISHOP Jeffery D., MOXLEY David P.
- Journal article citation:
- Social Work in Mental Health, 10(3), 2012, pp.183-204.
- Publisher:
- Taylor and Francis
- Place of publication:
- Philadelphia, USA
In the United States, practice in the field of aging is focusing on ‘ageing in place’, which itself incorporates a framework of positive aging, and can involve the community support of elders as ways to increase their quality of life and functioning. Undertaking qualitative developmental research for the purposes of designing a prototype intergenerational programme, this paper offers 10 assertions concerning promising practices. The authors undertook an analysis of 47 Web-based portrayals of intergenerational programmes and used Web-based documents that described those programmes to further illuminate promising practices. Using thematic analysis of program Web content, affinity coding, and dialogic interpretation the authors illuminated the programmes' salient properties and qualities, and formulated and refined their assertions about the distinctiveness of intergenerational programmes.
Does perceived burdensomeness erode meaning in life among older adults?
- Authors:
- ORDEN Kimberly A. van, et al
- Journal article citation:
- Aging and Mental Health, 16(7), September 2012, pp.855-860.
- Publisher:
- Taylor and Francis
This study tested hypotheses that role of perceptions that one is a burden on others is a risk factor for lower meaning in life. It investigated the associations between perceptions of burdensomeness on others and perceived meaning in life among 65 older adults seeking mental health treatment for depression or anxiety at an outpatient geriatric mental health clinic in the United States. Participants completed self-report questionnaires within a month following intake. Follow-up questionnaires were completed over the phone two months later. Results indicated that perceived burdensomeness predicted lack of meaning in life, while also accounting for depression severity. The authors concluded that burdensomeness may contribute to suicide morbidity and mortality in late-life by eroding meaning in life. Empirically supported treatments for late-life depression could be adapted to focus on perceptions of burdensomeness and its connections with meaning in life. Implications for practice are discussed.
Religiosity, authoritarianism, and attitudes toward psychotherapy in later life
- Authors:
- MCGOWAN Joseph C., MIDLARSKY Elizabeth
- Journal article citation:
- Aging and Mental Health, 16(5), July 2012, pp.659-665.
- Publisher:
- Taylor and Francis
This study investigated whether religiosity in older adults was associated with attitudes toward psychotherapy when controlling for authoritarianism. Interviews were conducted with a sample of 307 community-residing older adults (164 Black and 142 White) aged 65-82. Questions explored their intrinsic religiosity, authoritarianism, and mental health help-seeking attitudes. Findings indicated that intrinsic religiosity was associated with stigma tolerance and interpersonal openness after controlling for authoritarianism. Religious older adults preferred to seek help in religious contexts, while the association of authoritarianism to less favourable psychotherapy attitudes toward psychotherapy could be explained by a fear of external perspectives. Overall, the findings reinforced the importance of including religiousness and authoritarianism in models of mental health help-seeking.
Effects of reminiscence interventions on psychosocial outcomes: a meta-analysis
- Authors:
- PINQUART Martin, FORSTMEIER Simon
- Journal article citation:
- Aging and Mental Health, 16(5), July 2012, pp.541-558.
- Publisher:
- Taylor and Francis
Reminiscence is defined as the process of thinking or telling someone about past experiences of personal significance. This review examined results from controlled trials of reminiscence interventions. Analyses were used to compare the results from 128 studies on 9 outcome variables. Findings revealed that, compared to non-specific changes in control-group members, moderate improvements were observed at post-test with regard to ego-integrity and depression. Small effects were found on purpose in life, death preparation, mastery, mental health symptoms, positive well-being, social integration, and cognitive performance. Most effects were maintained at follow-up. Larger improvements of depressive symptoms in depressed individuals was observed, and persons with chronic physical disease than in other individuals, and in those receiving life-review therapy rather than life-review or simple reminiscence. The authors concluded that reminiscence interventions affected a broad range of outcomes, and therapeutic and preventive effects were similar to those observed in other frequently used interventions.
Inequalities in old age: the impact of the recession on older people in Ireland, North and South
- Authors:
- PATSIOS Demi, et al
- Journal article citation:
- Quality in Ageing and Older Adults, 13(1), 2012, pp.27-37.
- Publisher:
- Emerald
This study investigated the consequences of the existing inequalities in older age in both Northern Ireland (NI) and the Republic of Ireland (RoI). Data was drawn from qualitative focus groups and analysis of existing data on social exclusion and poverty in NI and RoI. The analysis on publicly available data in the north and south of Ireland revealed few comparable measures on poverty and social exclusion. The study was, however, able to establish key pre- and intra-recession differences between older people in both areas. The qualitative analysis detailed the similarities and differences in the impact of the recession in north and south. In ending, the paper makes recommendations for improving data collection on measures which would allow policy makers and researchers to examine the current and future impact of the recession on the living standards and well-being of older people in Ireland.
Conceptualizing and assessing spirituality among Chinese elders: towards evidence-based practice
- Author:
- LOU Vivian W.Q.
- Journal article citation:
- Generations Review, 22(1), January 2012, Online only
- Publisher:
- British Society of Gerontology
Briefly reports on the findings of a research study to look at the meaning of spirituality among Chinese elders and identify how spirituality could contribute to wellbeing. Phase one involved conducting focus groups and indepth interviews in Hong Kong and Shanghai to discover the meaning of spirituality from the perspective of Chinese elders and those who had close relationships with them. Phase two was a Delphi study aiming to reach expertise consensus on the meaning of spirituality among Chinese elders. Phase three consisted of quantitative research to validate the Spirituality Scale for Chinese Elders (SSCE). Seven key components of spirituality, including spiritual well-being, meaning of life, transcendence, and relationships with self, family, people other than family members, and environment were identified.
Outcomes and well-being part 1: a comparative longitudinal study of two models of homecare delivery and their impact upon the older person self-reported subjective well-being
- Author:
- GETHIN-JONES Stephen
- Journal article citation:
- Working with Older People, 16(1), 2012, pp.22-30.
- Publisher:
- Emerald
This paper investigated the impact of two models of home care delivery for older people, and how these two models impact on the older persons' self-reported well-being. It examined whether altering the delivery of care to an outcome-focused model would improve the individual participant's subjective well-being and save money for the local authority. An 18 month longitudinal study was conducted on 40 service users aged 65 and over whom all had critical and substantial care needs. Half of the sample of service users was receiving the new form of outcome-focused care and the other half were a comparison group who were receiving care packages according to the traditional form of delivery that could be characterised as a “task-focused” model. Participants identified: quality of life issues; where they were seeking improvement; and change over time in relation to these. Findings revealed an improvement in subjective well-being in the group receiving outcome-focused care. Implications for practice are discussed.
Improving life for older people: helping councils make a difference
- Author:
- WHITTAKER Shelley
- Journal article citation:
- Working with Older People, 16(1), 2012, pp.17-21.
- Publisher:
- Emerald
The Ageing Well programme aims to improve life for older people by working with councils to help them make better places for people to grow old in. This work needs to continue despite the challenge local authorities face with budgets. Support from the Ageing Well programme has helped councils identify innovative ways to look at the ageing agenda. The programme encourages councils and the wider public to see older people in a more positive light. It helps to show older people as an asset to society, whether the economy or through volunteering and life experience, and helps councils embrace the idea of making their area a better place in which to grow old. This article discusses the programme's origins and purpose, the work it has been doing, and the legacy it will leave for councils to work well in the future. The programme has shown how different councils face different issues within the ageing agenda, and therefore need different solution and suggests that councils need to engage with older people to support them fully and to embrace the ageing agenda.
Ageing well: an asset based approach
- Authors:
- JANUA Ayesha, GOSS Sue
- Publisher:
- Local Government Association
- Publication year:
- 2012
- Pagination:
- 56p.
- Place of publication:
- London
This handbook is for those who want to improve life for older people in their community. It introduces and explains an asset-based approach and describes how it has been used in a variety of localities. It also suggests how this approach could be used to create new activities and support for older people in local communities. It is based on the work OPM has done with colleagues from Shared Intelligence and the Local Government Association as part of the Ageing Well programme. The content is drawn from the learning from ten pilot sites across the country and from the practice exchange with professionals and older people across those sites. The handbook may be especially useful for professionals, managers and front-line staff trying to increase the independence and well-being of older people.