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Daughters as caregivers of aging parents: the shattering myth
- Author:
- RON Pnina
- Journal article citation:
- Journal of Gerontological Social Work, 52(2), February 2009, pp.135-153.
- Publisher:
- Taylor and Francis
- Place of publication:
- Philadelphia, USA
This research study examines adult daughters’ measures of copying in their roles as caregivers of ageing parents. It investigates the model devised by Pearlin et al which presents the mental health of caregiver daughters as a function of demographic variables, role burden and stresses resulting from other relationships within the family, as well as personality variables such as mastery and self-esteem. The study examined 224 working women in Israel, and included questionnaires to measure stresses and burdens of being a caregiver and within the nuclear family, mastery over life, self-esteem, gender role orientation, and mental health. The results provided validation of the assumptions in Pearlin’s stress coping model. Two specific findings were that daughters with masculine traits felt a higher level of mental wellbeing, and also that family support provided a higher level of mental well-being for the daughter.
Physical training and well-being in older adults with mild intellectual disability: a residential care study
- Authors:
- CARMELI Eli, et al
- Journal article citation:
- Journal of Applied Research in Intellectual Disabilities, 21(5), September 2008, pp.457-465.
- Publisher:
- Wiley
Exercise is important for health and well-being. The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of physical training on general well-being and self-image in older people with intellectual disability. This study evaluated older adults with intellectual disability in residential care in Israel. The concept of well-being perceived by the participants was measured by direct interview with a questionnaire consisting of 37 structural statements. The physical training programme was conducted three times a week for 10 consecutive months. Statistical analyses suggested a positive relationship between perceived well-being and physical training between the experimental and control group. This positive relation supports the important role of physical training to improve perceived well-being among older adults with intellectual disability.
A community study on emotional distress among Arab and Jewish Israelis over the age of 60
- Authors:
- SHEMESH Annarosa Anat, et al
- Journal article citation:
- International Journal of Geriatric Psychiatry, 21(1), January 2006, pp.67-76.
- Publisher:
- Wiley
This paper reports on the contrasting distribution of the mean emotional distress (ED) scores and rates of suspected clinical cases, and their related risk factors, among the Arab and Jewish community residents over the age of 60 in Israel. Several national agencies conducted a survey on 5,055 elderly individuals to investigate their health status, including ED. The interview included socio-demographic and behavioural health items, as well as a modified 12 item-GHQ as a measure of ED. Total ED scores and prevalence rates for suspected psychopathology were calculated. Their respective risk factors were examined using univariate and multivariate methods. The results found that higher demoralization scores among elderly Arabs are associated with their minority status affiliation, as well as with the rapid social changes that have taken place in their midst. A cultural response style may be entertained as a possible explanation. However, these factors do not impact the risk for suspected psychopathology where no differential risk was noted after adjustments for confounders.
Subjective age and perceived distance-to-death moderate the association between posttraum
- Author:
- PALGI Yuval
- Journal article citation:
- Aging and Mental Health, 20(9), 2016, pp.948-954.
- Publisher:
- Taylor and Francis
Objectives: Little research has addressed the association between posttraumatic stress (PTS) symptoms and posttraumatic growth (PTG) in the second half of life. This study examined whether subjective age and perceived distance-to-death moderate this association. Method: 339 community-dwelling older adults (age range 50–90; M = 65.44, SD = 9.77) were sampled through random dialing to Jewish residents in the south of Israel. Participants completed a phone-questionnaire on PTS symptoms, level of PTG, subjective age, and perceived distance-to-death. Results: Higher levels of PTS symptoms were both linearly and curvilinearly related to higher PTG. Additionally, subjective age and perceived distance-to-death moderated this association in a linear way, so that the association was strongest in participants who reported younger subjective age and further distance-to-death. Discussion: The findings emphasise the moderating effect of two time perspectives, one that focuses on time since birth and another that concerns the time that remains before death. These two perspectives affect the association between posttraumatic stress and posttraumatic growth within older individuals.atic stress symptoms and posttraumatic growth among older adults (Publisher abstract)
Emotional suppression, caregiving burden, mastery, coping strategies and mental health in spousal caregivers
- Authors:
- KHALAILA Rabia, COHEN Miri
- Journal article citation:
- Aging and Mental Health, 20(9), 2016, pp.908-917.
- Publisher:
- Taylor and Francis
Objectives: The main aim was to explore the multiple mediation effects of personal resources (mastery, engagement and disengagement coping strategies) between caregiving burden and depression in spousal caregivers, based on integrated stress process models. A further aim was to examine whether emotional suppression moderates the relationship between perceived burden and depression. Method: Cross-sectional data were collected in 2010–2011 by structured interviews from a sample of 110 spousal caregivers. Coefficients strategy with bootstrapping tested the strength and significance of the conditional indirect effects of simultaneous multiple mediators; and the conditional effect of burden on depression at different emotional suppression values. Results: Caregiving burden was indirectly associated with depression, through mastery and disengagement coping, but not through engagement coping. Mastery was negatively associated with depression, while disengagement coping was positively associated with depression. Emotional suppression and functional disability were positively associated with depressive symptoms. A significant burden-by-emotional suppression interaction was found for predicting depressive symptoms. Conclusion: The study supports the conditional indirect effect in which burden can affect depression by reducing the mastery and increasing the disengagement coping simultaneously. The study provides also initial support for the moderating effect of emotional suppression, which can increase the deleterious effects of burden on depression. Researchers and practitioners should be aware of these issues of family care in spousal caregivers. (Publisher abstract)
Greater age-related decline in markers of physical, mental and cognitive health among Israeli older adults exposed to lifetime cumulative adversity
- Author:
- SHRIRA Amit
- Journal article citation:
- Aging and Mental Health, 18(5), 2014, pp.610-618.
- Publisher:
- Taylor and Francis
Objectives: This longitudinal investigation addressed whether and how lifetime cumulative adversity and depressive symptoms moderated age-related decline in markers of physical, mental, and cognitive health.Method: 1248 older adults (mean age = 62 at Wave 1) who completed the first two waves of the Israeli component of the Survey of Health, Ageing and Retirement in Europe (SHARE-Israel) reported on exposure to potentially traumatic life events, depressive symptoms, and three outcomes – disability, quality of life, and cognitive markers.Results: Age was related to greater functional decline in outcome measures across the two waves (i.e., increase in disability and decrease in quality of life and cognitive functioning). This age-related decline became stronger as lifetime adversity increased. A three-way interaction showed that the greatest age-related functional decline in outcome measures was especially salient among those with high level of lifetime adversity and high level of depressive symptoms.Conclusion: Lifetime cumulative adversity is associated with a more noticeable process of age-related dysfunction across various markers of health. Although the majority of older adults are resilient to lifetime adversity, prevention and intervention programs should be aimed at mitigating the pronounced senescence observed when adversity accumulated to a large degree, and especially when it is accompanied with high level of distress. (Publisher abstract)