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Program development of reminiscence group work for ageing people with intellectual disabilities
- Authors:
- VAN PUYENBROECK Joris, MEAS Bea
- Journal article citation:
- Journal of Intellectual and Developmental Disability, 31(3), September 2006, pp.139-147.
- Publisher:
- Taylor and Francis
The goal of this study was to adapt a narrative reminiscence program for the special needs of ageing people with mild/moderate intellectual disabilities. Research has shown that stimulating reminiscence in the elderly can be a meaningful activity, and holds promise for positive effects on well-being. In the first stage (10 weeks), the program was developed with 1 group. Evaluation and adjustments to the program were made based on video recordings, the researcher's log, and feedback from participants and support workers. Formative evaluation was performed by means of a within group analysis. In the second stage (3 weeks), the program was introduced to 6 other groups. Interviews with professional support workers were subjected to a cross-case analysis. The final program consists of 13 sessions covering different reminiscence themes. The success of reminiscence group work relies on (a) well-prepared and structured sessions, (b) adequate use of visual triggers, and (c) facilitating, coaching and moderating. The program was perceived as a valuable and meaningful activity by all participants. Although reminiscence group work is not therapeutic in nature, it may have therapeutic use for ageing people with intellectual disabilities, and in this sense is worth evaluating.
Personality and behavioural changes do not precede memory problems as possible signs of dementia in ageing people with Down syndrome
- Authors:
- BLOK J.B., SCHEIRS J.G.M., THIJM N.S.
- Journal article citation:
- International Journal of Geriatric Psychiatry, 32(12), 2017, pp.1257-1263.
- Publisher:
- Wiley
Objective: The objective was to find out whether changes in personality and adaptive functioning or memory processes decline first in ageing people with Down syndrome. Methods: The authors measured these variables cross-sectionally in a Dutch sample (22 to 62 years of age) of 68 institutionalised people with Down syndrome. Results: The scores on all the variables except one of the temperament scales were found to decline gradually with increasing age, but deterioration of episodic memory started earlier. Conclusions: The authors argued that a subset of their sample suffered from dementia. Furthermore, the data suggested that immediate memory impairment is one of the earliest signs of the disease in people with Down syndrome, just as it is in the general population. (Edited publisher abstract)
Dementia and memory: a handbook for students and professionals
- Author:
- THOMPSON Simon B.N.
- Publisher:
- Ashgate
- Publication year:
- 2006
- Pagination:
- 235p., bibliog.
- Place of publication:
- Aldershot
Intended for students and trained healthcare and medical professionals, this book focuses on treatment of people suffering from dementia and memory problems. It looks at ageing and ageism, definition of dementia, different types of dementia, memory disorders, learning disability and dementia, and coping with memory problems and dementia. It includes information about how to treat memory problems, advanced memory strategies, assessing dementia, treating and managing dementia, and future directions for people with dementia. Case studies on memory, dementia, and dementia and learning disability, and a memory test are included.
Reminiscence and recall: a practical guide to reminiscence work
- Author:
- GIBSON Faith
- Publisher:
- Age Concern
- Publication year:
- 2006
- Pagination:
- 304p., bibliog.
- Place of publication:
- London
- Edition:
- 3rd
The handbook includes advice on planning and doing successful reminiscence work with people of all ages, individually or in groups, in residential or community settings. It will help readers to develop the attitudes, knowledge, understanding and skills needed to encourage people to value themselves by valuing their pasts. This book also includes new material on intergenerational work, reminiscence with terminally ill and bereaved children and adults, working with minority ethnic elders, building partnerships with libraries, museums and community arts organisations, promoting social inclusion through reminiscence, and staff training. Other topics include: working with people with sensory and learning disabilities, with dementia, and those who are depressed or terminally ill.
Cognitive decline in high-functioning older adults: reserve or ascertainment bias?
- Authors:
- TUOKKO H., et al
- Journal article citation:
- Aging and Mental Health, 7(4), July 2003, pp.259-270.
- Publisher:
- Taylor and Francis
The detection of mild cognitive impairment and dementia in high-functioning older adults can be difficult. It has also been observed that high-functioning persons show a lower prevalence of dementia than low-functioning persons. Three alternative explanations for this observation have been proposed in the literature: brain reserve capacity (BRC), cognitive reserve, and ascertainment bias. With data from a prospective, population-based study of incident dementia, the Canadian Study of Health and Aging (CSHA), we classified participants as being high- (HF) or low-functioning (LF) in three ways: educational and occupational attainment, and estimated premorbid IQ. We observed that fewer HF older adults were diagnosed with dementia after five years, which is in accordance with both the BRC and cognitive reserve models. Contrary to expectations, no difference on rate of memory deterioration was observed between those HF and LF persons who exhibited mild cognitive impairment at CSHA-1. However, HF persons who subsequently were diagnosed with dementia (CSHA-2) showed more rapid decline on five of the six memory measures over time than did LF persons diagnosed with dementia at CSHA-2. When performance on measures of memory functioning at CSHA-1 was examined for highly educated older adults, significantly more of those with dementia at CSHA-2 (n¼59) had scores falling within or below the average range in comparison to normative standards than those who continued to show no cognitive impairment (n¼145). Our findings suggest that the lower incidence of dementia for HF persons may be primarily the result of ascertainment bias, not underlying differences in brain or cognitive reserve.
The detection of mild cognitive impairment in the general practice setting
- Authors:
- ATERO S, RITCHIE K.
- Journal article citation:
- Aging and Mental Health, 7(4), July 2003, pp.251-258.
- Publisher:
- Taylor and Francis
Results from a general practice study of cognitive impairment are used to construct guidelines for the detection of mild cognitive impairment (MCI) in general practice. The role of the general practitioner in the diagnosis of MCI is discussed and the potential feasibility of general practice screening is evaluated with data from a two-year prospective study conducted in the Montpellier region of France. Neuropsychological tests with the highest predictive value for dementia conversion and suitable for use in general practice, were determined by logistic regression modelling. An examination comprising three tests (delayed auditory verbal recall, verbal fluency and visuospatial construction), were found to give a specificity of 99% and sensitivity of 73%. Reports from other research centres suggest that MCI detection should not be limited to cognitive performance alone. It is suggested that proxy observations of behavioural change and information relating to loss of ability to perform activities of daily living should also be used to improve sensitivity and also to provide information needed in patient management. It may be potentially feasible for the family practitioner to verify cognitive complaints and to screen for MCI with a high degree of accuracy using a brief test battery derived from empirical observations in population studies.
Mild cognitive impairment in the oldest old: a comparison of two approaches
- Authors:
- HONG T. B., JOHANSSON B., ZARIT S. H.
- Journal article citation:
- Aging and Mental Health, 7(4), July 2003, pp.271-276.
- Publisher:
- Taylor and Francis
The main purpose of the current investigation was to examine the predictive utility of two sets of criteria for mild cognitive impairment (MCI). A second purpose was to determine the incidence of MCI in a longitudinal, population-based sample of the oldest old in Sweden. The participants were from the larger ‘Origins of Variance in the Old-Old: Octogenarian Twins’ (OCTO-Twin) study, identified through the Swedish Twin Registry. Participants were initially aged 80 or above with a mean age of 83 and were re-examined after two, three, six and eight years. The sample for this study consisted of 263 elders that were randomly selected singletons from twin pairs. Mild cognitive impairment was rated at baseline using both Petersen’s and Ritchie’s criteria. Petersen’s criteria emphasize memory and memory complaint whereas Ritchie’s criteria use a broader set of cognitive indicators. The incidence rate was comparable to that of other studies, however, neither set of criteria predicted subsequent dementia. The failure to confirm subsequent dementia suggests that there may be many sources of MCI in very late life besides incipient dementia. The presence of a key informant, as well as the weighting of performance across domains by an experienced clinician, both of which are hard to quantify, may be the key elements that give predictive values to MCI in prior studies.
The role of volumetric MRI in understanding mild cognitive impairment and similar classifications
- Authors:
- ANSTEY K. J., MALLER J. J.
- Journal article citation:
- Aging and Mental Health, 7(4), July 2003, pp.238-250.
- Publisher:
- Taylor and Francis
The authors review nineteen empirical studies of mild cognitive impairment (MCI), age-associated memory impairment (AAMI) and related classifications reportingvolumetric data on the hippocampus, entorhinal cortex and amygdala. Studies varied considerably in terms of the selection of participants, sample characteristics, the definitions of regions of interest and normalization techniques. Effect sizes for differences in left hippocampal volume and right hippocampal volumes of AAMI, MCI and pre-clinical dementia groups compared with controls ranged from 0.47 to 1.34. Effect sizes for left and right hippocampal volumes for Alzheimer’s disease (AD) versus control were 1.88 and 1.75 respectively. Longitudinal results confirm that initial hippocampal volume is predictive of conversion to AD. Greater standardisation in methodology and the development of normative age-referenced databases of regional brain volumes is required.
Dementia, aging, and intellectual disabilities: a handbook
- Editors:
- JANICKI Matthew, DALTON Arthur
- Publisher:
- Brunner/Mazel
- Publication year:
- 1998
- Pagination:
- 488p.,bibliog.
- Place of publication:
- Philadelphia, PA
Outlines recent research on dementia, Alzheimer Disease, and related disorders as they affect persons with intellectual disabilities. Diagnosis, assessment, treatment, and management and care practices are detailed. The biology and physiology of dementia, as well as the neurological and medical complications associated with it are described. The book also details the best practices available to meet the needs and challenges involved in care and quality of life issues.
Creating successful dementia care settings: volume one; understanding the environment through aging senses
- Authors:
- BRILLER Sherylyn, et al
- Publisher:
- Health Professions Press
- Publication year:
- 2001
- Pagination:
- 63p.,bibliog.
- Place of publication:
- Baltimore, MD
This work examines the critical features of formal care settings that either support people with dementia or create unmanageable barriers to their ability to function successfully. The present volume describes how Alzheimer's disease exaggerates or confounds already compromised sensory perceptions. It also contains practical suggestions to compensate for losses and improve communication, orientation, and enjoyment