Search results for ‘Subject term:"older people"’ Sort:
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Improving attitudes regarding the elderly population: the effects of information and reinforcement for change
- Authors:
- RAGAN Amie M., BOWEN Anne M.
- Journal article citation:
- Gerontologist, 41(4), August 2001, pp.511-515.
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
In the USA altering negative attitudes associated with ageism may be possible by giving people accurate information about older people in conjunction with reinforcement for change. Ninety-nine college students participated in one of three groups: information only, information plus an innocuous discussion group, and information plus a reinforcement-to-change discussion group. The participants' attitudes toward elderly people were measured before, immediately after the intervention, and at a one-month follow-up. Changes in attitudes across groups and time were analysed using analysis of variance (ANOVA) and t tests. Information alone produced initial improvements in attitudes in all groups; however, only the group members who received additional reinforcement for change maintained positive attitude changes at one-month follow-up. This study supports the premise that negative attitudes toward older people are amendable; however, the attitude may be lost without reinforcement for change.
The moderating effect of aggressive problem behaviours in the generation of more positive attitudes toward nursing home residents
- Authors:
- HILLMAN J., et al
- Journal article citation:
- Aging and Mental Health, 5(3), August 2001, pp.282-288.
- Publisher:
- Taylor and Francis
This study examines the ability of a social history intervention to generate more positive attitudes toward nursing home patients, and to increase staff members' perceived rewards of care-giving. In contrast to prior studies, residents' problem behaviours were examined as potential moderators in the relationship. Forty-three staff members participated in an experimental, 3 (informational condition: social history, medical, control) x 2 (time: pre-test, post-test) within-subjects factorial design that employed newly admitted residents as target patients. Findings showed that the social history intervention alone did not generate more positive attitudes toward patients or greater rewards of care-giving. Although a larger proportion of target patients manifested other problem behaviours with greater frequency, only aggressive problem behaviour was associated with more negative attitudes toward patients. A post-hoc analysis revealed that after statistically controlling for the impact of patients' aggressive behaviour, the social history information appeared to allow staff members to maintain more neutral attitudes toward patients. Considerations for the use of social history information in long-term care settings are addressed.
Dementia advice and support: a new service initiative
- Authors:
- MILNE Alisoun, LINGARD Jayne
- Journal article citation:
- Journal of Dementia Care, 9(3), May 2001, pp.28-30.
- Publisher:
- Hawker
Describes the development of the Dementia Advice and Support Service, an important new initiative from the Mental Health Foundation.
Looking back at life and its influence on subjective well-being
- Author:
- PECK Michael D.
- Journal article citation:
- Journal of Gerontological Social Work, 34(2), 2001, pp.3-20.
- Publisher:
- Taylor and Francis
- Place of publication:
- Philadelphia, USA
Lower levels of subjective well-being are associated with increased illness and death. Studies of elder morbidity and mortality increasingly have explored the link between social and psychological aspects of life to subjective well-being, and to health and disease. This article presents a conceptual model of subjective well-being based on the process that people use to appraise their lives and on life task completion. Theories of social cognition inform the life appraisal process and provide a framework for intervention to enhance the subjective well-being of older adults.
Empowerment and decision-making for people with dementia: the use of legal interventions in Scotland
- Author:
- WILKINSON H.
- Journal article citation:
- Aging and Mental Health, 5(4), November 2001, pp.322-328.
- Publisher:
- Taylor and Francis
Dementia is associated with a decline in the ability to reason and make judgements thereby affecting a person's ability to make sound decisions. The growing emphasis on early diagnosis for people with dementia provides an opportunity for people to plan and control decisions about financial management and welfare. This paper coincides with a move to reform outdated Scottish Law with the Adults with Incapacity (Scotland) Act 2000. This legislation proposes a more integrated and flexible approach to the legal management of the affairs of people with reduced decision-making capability. This article reviews of the recent literature on the use of legal interventions for people with dementia and their families, and discusses the empowering or disempowering nature of the interventions.
Healthy ageing - adults with intellectual disabilities: biobehavioural issues
- Authors:
- THORPE L., DAVIDSON P., JANICKI M.
- Journal article citation:
- Journal of Applied Research in Intellectual Disabilities, 14(3), 2001, pp.218-228.
- Publisher:
- Wiley
This report has been prepared by the Ageing Special Interest Research Group of the International Association for the Scientific Study of Intellectual Disabilities (IASSID) in collaboration with the Department of Mental of Health and Substance Dependence and the Programme on Ageing and Health, World Health Organisation (WHO), Geneva, Switzerland.
Seeking effective approaches to elder abuse in institutional settings
- Author:
- PARKER Jonathan
- Journal article citation:
- Journal of Adult Protection, 3(3), August 2001, pp.21-29.
- Publisher:
- Emerald
Although in recent years elder abuse has attracted considerable social and professional attention, it is still in the opinion of many a taboo subject. Examines why this is the case and considers what has been learnt. In doing so the article considers causation and predisposing factors and the modes predisposing factors and the modes of intervention available.
Secondary prevention of depressive symptoms in elderly inhabitants of residential homes
- Authors:
- CUIJPERS Pim, van LAMMEREN Paula
- Journal article citation:
- International Journal of Geriatric Psychiatry, 16(7), July 2001, pp.702-708.
- Publisher:
- Wiley
The effects of a multifaceted secondary prevention intervention in residential homes in the Netherlands were examined, using a quasi-experimental design. In five experimental residential homes, the caregivers received three training sessions on detecting depression and on supporting depressed residents. Furthermore, an information session was organised for all personnel, a further session was organised for residents and their relatives, and several group interventions were offered. 213 residents participated in the study. The results suggest that general approaches aimed at a residential home are capable of influencing depressive symptoms in inhabitants.
Combating loneliness: a friendship enrichment programme for older women
- Author:
- STEVENS Nan
- Journal article citation:
- Ageing and Society, 21(2), March 2001, pp.183-202.
- Publisher:
- Cambridge University Press
In order to promote wellbeing and reduce loneliness, an educational programme on friendship enrichment for older women has been developed and implemented in the Netherlands. The friendship programme's main goal is empowerment; it aims to help women clarify their needs in friendship, analyse their current social network, set goals in friendship and develop strategies to achieve goals. Reduction of loneliness, when present, is also an important goal of the programme. A study that followed participants during the year after the programme found that a majority succeeded in developing new, or improving existing, friendships and in significantly reducing their loneliness. They also reported changes related to the self and social behaviour.
A randomised controlled trail of the effects of multi-sensory stimulation (MSS) for older people with dementia
- Authors:
- BAKER Roger, et al
- Journal article citation:
- British Journal of Clinical Psychology, 40(1), March 2001, pp.81-96.
- Publisher:
- Wiley
Article investigates short-term effects of Multi-Sensory Stimulation (MSS) on behaviour, mood and cognition of older adults with dementia. Through a randomised controlled trial comparing MSS with a credible control of one-to-one activities. Fifty patients with diagnoses of moderate to severe dementia were randomised to either MSS or Activity groups. Immediately after MSS and Activity sessions patients talked more spontaneously, related better to others, did more from their own initiative, were less bored/inactive, and were more happy, active or alert. Both groups were more attentive to their environment than before, with a significantly greater improvement from the MSS group. At a day hospital, patients in the Activity group improved on their 'speech skills' where as the MSS group remained unchanged during the trial. The MSS group showed a significant improvement in mood and behaviour at home compared to the Activity group behaviour deteriorated. No longer-term benefits were shown; , behaviour declined sharply during the month follow-up period. Concludes that both MSS and Activity sessions appear to be effective and appropriate therapies for people with dementia.