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The socio-economic determinants of older people's health in Brazil: the importance of marital status and income
- Authors:
- BOS Antonio, BOS Angelo J.
- Journal article citation:
- Ageing and Society, 27(3), May 2007, pp.385-405.
- Publisher:
- Cambridge University Press
Studies in various countries have reported that older people who are married have better health than older widows. This paper reports a replication of these analyses with Brazilian data. The main objective was to explore the relationships between marital status, individual and household income, and the health of men and women using ordered logistic regression with self-assessed health as the dependent variable. The explanatory variables of interest were gender, marital status, and individual and family income. The data are from a survey of 7,920 non-institutionalised older people resident in the southern state of Rio Grande do Sul in 1995. The survey used a structured, multi-disciplinary questionnaire, which collected information on demographic attributes, household composition, social relations, occupation, income and health status. The results show that widows were 20 per cent more likely to report better health than married women. The women without individual income had worse health than those who did, even after controlling for family income. For men, there were no significant differences in health by marital status. The main recommendation is that the health status and economic circumstances of married elderly women should be given more attention in both research and policy, certainly in Brazil and probably in other Latin American countries. Programmes of income support to the poorest households should include specific transfers to these elderly women. Brazil's Family Health and Older People's Health public programmes should place more emphasis on the health of elderly home-makers.
Living and caring?: an investigation of the experiences of older carers
- Authors:
- ROSS Andy, et al
- Publisher:
- International Longevity Centre UK
- Publication year:
- 2008
- Pagination:
- 61p.
- Place of publication:
- London
This research has been undertaken in collaboration with NatCen, and funded by the Nuffield Foundation. The research uses the 'English Longitudinal Study of Ageing' to explore the lives of different groups of older carers in relation to multiple factors such as health, income and quality of life. The key findings of the research include: Older carers providing 'heavy' care show a markedly lower quality of life compared to equivalent non-carers. More than any other characteristic, including general health and experience of pain, it is the memory functioning of individuals receiving care that has the biggest influence on the quality of life of older carers. To accompany the research, the ILC-UK has simultaneously published a discussion paper, 'Living and Caring for All', which relates the finding of the research to strategic questions for public policy around the demand and supply of social care in society.
Life satisfaction and leisure activities during men's retirement: a Turkish sample
- Authors:
- SENER A., TERZIOGLU R. G., KARABULUT E.
- Journal article citation:
- Aging and Mental Health, 11(1), January 2007, pp.30-36.
- Publisher:
- Taylor and Francis
This study was planned and carried out as a pilot study to determine the life satisfaction of men from the Official Social Security Institutions in Turkey (n=231). The Life Satisfaction Index was used as the measure. Among this group of retired men, the most popular leisure activities were audio-visual and reading. The strongest predictor of life satisfaction was the frequency of participation in leisure activities, followed by the level of satisfaction with health, income, and planning of leisure activities.
A comparative appraisal of the relationship of education, income and housing tenure with less than good health among the elderly in Europe
- Authors:
- DALSTRA J. A. A., KUNST A. E., MACKENBACH J. P.
- Journal article citation:
- Social Science and Medicine, 62(8), April 2006, pp.2046-2060.
- Publisher:
- Elsevier
The objective of this study was to determine the strength of various socio-economic indicators for predicting less than good health among elderly people aged 60–79 years. Data were obtained from national health surveys from 10 European countries. Education, income and housing tenure were examined in relation to less than good health using standardised prevalence rates and (multiple) logistic regression analyses. The results illustrated that there are substantial health differences among the elderly according to education and income in each country. Both education and income (with men) showed a strong independent relationship with health status. Health differences according to housing tenure were generally somewhat smaller. However, in Great Britain and the Netherlands housing tenure demonstrated large health differences, even after adjustment for education and income. It is recommended that more refined socio-economic measures are developed and that in the meantime both education and income are used when studying socio-economic health differences among the elderly. In some countries, like Great Britain and the Netherlands, however, housing tenure has an additional value.
Focus on older people
- Editors:
- SOULE A., et al, (eds.)
- Publisher:
- Palgrave Macmillan
- Publication year:
- 2005
- Pagination:
- 92p., tables
- Place of publication:
- Basingstoke
This report includes information on their characteristics, lifestyles and experiences, placing particular emphasis on changes with age. Older people make up an increasing proportion of our population. The blurring of the various stages in our lifecycle mean that older people are as varied as any other group in our society. Many older people lead active and healthy lives for many years over the age of 50. Employment rates for people in their fifties have risen in the past decade, and it is this age group who are most likely to be providing unpaid care. However, for those at older ages, there may be barriers which prevent them from participating in a wide variety of activities. These may be financial, or related to health or lack of transport.
Caring in a crisis: what to do and who to turn to
- Author:
- LEWYCKA Marina
- Publisher:
- Age Concern
- Publication year:
- 1993
- Pagination:
- 128p.,list of orgs.
- Place of publication:
- London
Practical text written to help people through the first few days after being informed that an elderly parent has been taken ill. Topics covered include: the immediate steps; arranging care; who's who among professionals; long-term options; and money matters. Contains emergency checklists and useful addresses. Includes a chapter on what to do if the person you are looking after dies.
The state of ageing in 2019: adding life to our years
- Author:
- CENTRE FOR AGEING BETTER
- Publisher:
- Centre for Ageing Better
- Publication year:
- 2019
- Pagination:
- 42
- Place of publication:
- London
Using publicly available data, this report provides an overview of what life is like for people aged 65 and older today. It also investigates the prospects for people currently in their 50s and 60s, looking across four crucial areas: work and finances, housing, health and communities. The analysis highlights the differences in how people experience ageing depending on factors such as where they live, how much money they have or what sex or ethnicity they are. As more people live longer, greater focus is needed on tackling the causes of preventable ill health and disability including poor diet and low levels of physical activity. The report highlights that society is not ready to cope with and to capitalise on people's longer lives and outlines the changes that are needed. These include greater focus on tackling the causes of preventable ill health and disability, for all new homes to be accessible and adaptable, and for employers to support people to keep working in fulfilling jobs. (Edited publisher abstract)
Measuring resources in later life: a review of the data
- Authors:
- MIDDLETON Sue, et al
- Publisher:
- Joseph Rowntree Foundation
- Publication year:
- 2007
- Pagination:
- 33p., bibliog.
- Place of publication:
- York
This report explores the needs of people in later life, including expenditure, health, social networks, services, housing and neighbourhood, as well as income.
Evidence submitted to the older people's inquiry into 'that bit of help'
- Editors:
- RAYNES Norma, CLARK Heather, BEECHAM Jennifer, (eds)
- Publisher:
- Joseph Rowntree Foundation
- Publication year:
- 2006
- Pagination:
- 116p.
- Place of publication:
- York
Going beyond the narrow boundaries of health and social care, this report brings together information on policy development and resources relevant to the lives of older people, and an overview of research. The report takes as its starting point seven key areas central to the lives of older people as independent citizens. These are: comfortable and secure homes, adequate income, safe neighbourhoods, getting out and about, friendships and opportunities for learning and leisure keeping active and healthy and access to good, relevant information. The report maps onto each of these seven areas the research evidence, the development of policy since 1989 and the funding streams available to local government officers to assist older people to live independent lives. It sets all this information in the context of current demographic issues and information about health and social care usage by older people.
The futures of old age
- Editors:
- VINCENT John A., PHILLIPSON Chris R., DOWNS Murna, (eds.)
- Publisher:
- Sage
- Publication year:
- 2006
- Pagination:
- 255p., bibliog.
- Place of publication:
- London
What is the future of old age? How will families, services, and economies adapt to an older population? Such questions often provoke extreme and opposing answers: some see ageing populations as having the potential to undermine economic growth and prosperity; others see new and exciting ways of living in old age. The text places these questions in the context of social and political change, and assesses what the various futures of old age might be. Prepared by the British Society of Gerontology, the book brings together a team of leading international gerontologists from the United Kingdom and United States, drawing on their expertise and research. The book's seven sections deal with key contemporary themes including: population ageing; households and families; health; wealth; pensions; migration; inequalities; gender and self; and identity in later life.