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A family approach to delirium: a review of the literature
- Author:
- HALLOWAY Shannon
- Journal article citation:
- Aging and Mental Health, 18(2), 2014, pp.129-139.
- Publisher:
- Taylor and Francis
This literature review had the following objectives: (1) evaluate the current state of research into delirium management (prevention, identification, or treatment of delirium) with family approaches or involvement, (2) identify gaps and areas that require investigation, and (3) determine a future course of research. A comprehensive search of original research was conducted in six major databases using seven keywords in 2012. The literature search yielded a total of 2160 articles. Criteria for eligibility were met by a total of 11 articles. The articles were evaluated in regards to purpose, sample, research design, level of evidence, variables, and results. The literature review revealed that this topic is emergent and requires substantial additional research. The aspects of delirium care that researchers investigated were diverse and included bedside interventions (n = 3), screening strategies (n = 4), family education (n = 2), and care that employed multiple components (n = 2). Delirium outcomes improved significantly in two high-quality studies: one multi-component intervention and one bedside intervention program. Other noteworthy findings of lower quality studies warrant further examination. The review of the articles did not determine if the involvement of families in delirium management improves patient outcomes; however, the review revealed potential for program development and future courses of research.
The effectiveness of dyadic interventions for people with dementia and their caregivers
- Authors:
- MOON Heehyul, ADAMS Kathryn Betts
- Journal article citation:
- Dementia: the International Journal of Social Research and Practice, 12(6), 2013, pp.821-839.
- Publisher:
- Sage
To review the effects of dyadic interventions on caregivers and care recipients in the early stages of dementia searches were carried out on four databases (AgeLine, Medline, EBSCO, and PyscINFO) and relevant literature from 2000 onwards reviewed. The twelve studies identified used a variety of intervention approaches including support group, counseling, cognitive stimulation, skill training, and notebook-keeping. This review suggests that intervention programs for early-stage dementia caregiving dyads were feasible and well accepted by participants. The reviewed studies provided rich evidence of the significance of mutual understanding and communication to partners’ well-being and relationship quality within the caregiving process. The findings suggest that these intervention approaches improved cognitive function of the care recipients, social relations, and the relationship between the primary caregivers and the care recipients, although evidence of long-term effectiveness is lacking. (Edited publisher abstract)
The baby boomers’ intergenerational relationships
- Authors:
- FINGERMAN Karen L., et al
- Journal article citation:
- Gerontologist, 52(2), April 2012, pp.199-209.
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
The Baby Boom generation are now entering late life. Increases in life expectancy over the past century have precipitated changes in family ties, and Baby Boomers may be torn between helping young adult children and ageing parents. This review article considers both these aspects of intergenerational relationships of Baby Boomers in the context of changing marital dynamics. Three major studies are described: the Within Family Differences Study (WFDS) of mothers aged 65–75 and their multiple grown children (primarily Baby Boomers) ongoing since 2001; the Family Exchanges Study (FES) of Baby Boomers aged 42–60, their spouses, parents, and multiple grown children ongoing since 2008; and the Longitudinal Study of Generations (LSoG) of 351 3-generation families started when the Baby Boomers were teenagers in 1971. These studies show that the Baby Boomers in midlife navigate complex intergenerational patterns. The WFDS finds ageing parents differentiate among Baby Boomer children in midlife, favouring some more than others. The FES shows that the Baby Boomers are typically more involved with their children than with their aging parents. The LSoG documents how divorce and remarriage dampen intergenerational obligations in some families. These studies provide insights into the nature of intergenerational ties and caregiving in the future.
Family caregiving today: what we have learned from 35 years of research and where do we go from here?
- Author:
- ZARIT Steven H.
- Journal article citation:
- Generations Review, 17(1), January 2007, Online only
- Publisher:
- British Society of Gerontology
The author draws on research to discuss: the social context of caregiving; the stress process in caregiving; and promising strategies for intervention research.
The positive effects of caring for family carers of older adults: a scoping review
- Authors:
- PYSKLYWEC Alex, et al
- Journal article citation:
- International Journal of Care and Caring, 4(3), 2020, pp.349-375.
- Publisher:
- Policy Press
The negative effects of caring are well documented; however, positive effects have received less attention. A scoping review of 22 studies published between 2000 and 2018 was conducted regarding the positive effects of family caring for older adults. Our analysis revealed that positive effects are embedded in relationships, summarised in three themes: in relationship with one’s self (the carer), for example, personal growth; in relationship with the care recipient, for example, a deepened dyadic relationship; and in relationship with others, for example, new care-related relationships. Seeing the positive effects of caring relationally may shape environmental factors, such as assistive device, social policy or health services development. (Publisher abstract)
Experiences of vulnerability due to loss of support by aged parents of emigrated children: a hermeneutic literature review
- Authors:
- VENTER Irene C., WYK Neltjie C.
- Journal article citation:
- Community Work and Family, 22(3), 2019, pp.255-266.
- Publisher:
- Taylor and Francis
In disrupted families due to migration individual members support each other through transnational care. The care is often reciprocal as the members who are left behind support the members who emigrated and in return receive care from the emigrated family members. Aged parents who get left behind, however, often become vulnerable. The hermeneutic literature review shows that social, psychological or emotional and economic vulnerability are experienced. They have to deal with cultural challenges as their children form part of a new culture in their receiving country. Strong feelings of loss, helplessness and loneliness are experienced. The emigration of their children may also contribute to the financial vulnerability of the elderly. (Edited publisher abstract)
Family support in late life: a review of the literature on aging, disability, and family caregiving
- Authors:
- GROSSMAN Brian R., WEBB Catherine E.
- Journal article citation:
- Journal of Family Social Work, 19(4), 2016, pp.348-395.
- Publisher:
- Taylor and Francis
- Place of publication:
- Philadelphia, USA
For older adults and people with disabilities in the United States, family caregiving is an important part of remaining at home and in the community. As care recipients and caregivers age, family dynamics change, and the health, social, and financial impacts of this work have implications for individuals, families, and social policy. This review maps the literature across multiple fields related to disability and ageing to understand caregiving in late life, what it means to be an older caregiver and/or to care for older people. The authors summarise the findings of 97 articles to address the care, services, and supports family caregivers provide for older adults; negative and positive impacts for caregivers serving in this role; supports that family members use or need; and societal impact of family caregiving. Much of the literature describes the work family caregivers provide and negative impacts of caregiving. Less attention is devoted to caregiving benefits, supports used by family caregivers, and societal impacts. The authors conclude with an agenda for future research that attends to the need for research that includes: more diverse samples, new types of caregivers, longitudinal data, qualitative data and analysis, and comparative research. (Edited publisher abstract)
Ageing and people with learning disabilities: in search of evidence
- Author:
- WALKER Carol
- Journal article citation:
- British Journal of Learning Disabilities, 43(4), 2015, pp.246-253.
- Publisher:
- Wiley
Background: Growing numbers of people with learning disabilities are now living into older age. This study aims to examine the state of knowledge about their lives and the challenges that ageing has for both family carers and policymakers and practitioners. Materials and Methods: The article synthesises existing research in the fields of learning disability, ageing and family and social care with a view to learning lessons from these separate fields, identifying possibilities for collaboration and identifying gaps in knowledge. Results: The article concludes that existing research in the fields of ageing and family and social care can add significantly to an understanding of the impact of ageing on people with learning disabilities and their carers but, to date, there has been little collaboration or sharing of knowledge between the three areas. Conclusion: The article concludes that further research is required to fully understand the impact of ageing on the quality of life of people with learning disabilities and their family carers and to inform the design and delivery of services. A useful and productive way forward would be learn from and to work with researchers in cogniscent fields, notably, but not only, in the fields of social gerontology and family and social care. (Publisher abstract)
Changing family structures and their impact on the care of older people
- Author:
- CENTRE FOR POLICY ON AGEING
- Publisher:
- Centre for Policy on Ageing
- Publication year:
- 2014
- Pagination:
- 63
- Place of publication:
- London
This brief review of the literature looks at how changing family structures will influence the supply and demand for formal and informal care by older people. Key findings include: most informal care for older people is provided by partners and adult children and changes in family structure may have an effect on the availability of care; the change factors often work against each other or appear to be having less effect than might be thought - while reduced family size reduces the number of children available to be carers, increasing male longevity, getting closer to that for women, increases the availability of spouses as carers; increased divorce rates, particularly among the over 60s, may help to increase the number of older people living alone and weaken relationships between parents and children, but a 2008 study found that, overall, partnership dissolution did not show the expected detrimental relationship with later life support. (Edited publisher abstract)
A scoping review: characteristics and outcomes of residents who experience involuntary relocation
- Authors:
- WEAVER Raven H., ROBERTO Karen A., BROSSOIE Nancy
- Journal article citation:
- Gerontologist, 60(1), 2020, pp.e20-e37.
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
Background and Objectives: Relocation to a residential care facility has been described as the most significant relocation affecting older adults, yet subsequent relocations, like in the case of a facility closure, have received minimal attention in the scholarly research literature. This paper reviews the published literature on involuntary relocation, focusing on the experiences of residents, families, and staff and the effects of involuntary relocation on nursing home residents’ health. Research Design and Methods: A scoping review was conducted to identify peer-reviewed studies reporting on involuntary relocation of nursing home residents. A total of 28 quantitative, qualitative, and mixed-method articles met inclusion criteria. Results: Researchers mostly relied on longitudinal designs and quantitative indicators of functional health, cognitive status, psychological and emotional well-being, environment, and relocation context to examine residents’ mortality risk and health outcomes associated with involuntary relocation. Inclusion of qualitative and mixed-method approaches was infrequent, as were indicators of social engagement and perceptions of relocation. Residents’ awareness of and preparation for involuntary relocation positively influenced their health and well-being. Family involvement was frequently hindered by communication challenges with facilities. Staff expressed concern about residents, experienced increased workload demands, and acknowledged challenges with planning and communication. Discussion and Implications: Based on the collective findings, the authors propose a conceptual model of critical factors at play during relocation for consideration for guiding future research and developing provisions to current policies guiding relocation processes. Facilities and policymakers need to consider procedures that enhance planning efforts and decision-making among this vulnerable population and their families. (Edited publisher abstract)