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Abuse is in the eyes of the beholder: using multiple perspectives to evaluate elder mistreatment under round-the-clock foreign home carers in Israel
- Author:
- AYALON Liat
- Journal article citation:
- Ageing and Society, 31(3), April 2011, pp.499-520.
- Publisher:
- Cambridge University Press
This study investigated the differences in the perceived occurrence of abuse and neglect between older care recipients, their family carers, and foreign home-care workers in Israel. Participants included 148 family members and foreign home-care workers and 75 care recipients, who completed a survey of abuse and neglect. Findings revealed significant discrepancies in their reports of neglect, with 66% of foreign home-care workers more likely to identify neglect, 28% of the older adults, or 30% of their family members. The different participants assigned the responsibility for the abuse to different perpetrators. Overall, the results suggest that even with round-the-clock home care, the basic needs of many older adults are not met, and that many experience substantial abuse. In conclusion, better education regarding elder abuse and neglect may lead to more accurate and consistent reports, and using data from all three sources may improve the early identification of abuse and neglect.
Workplace violence and worker injury in elderly care settings: reflective of a setting vulnerable to elder abuse
- Authors:
- PAYNE Brian K., APPEL Jonathan K.
- Journal article citation:
- Journal of Aggression Maltreatment and Trauma, 14(4), 2007, pp.43-56.
- Publisher:
- Taylor and Francis
Many incidents of injury, assault, and abuse occur in health care settings. To better examine the situational context of the workplace, this paper examines whether workers providing care to elderly persons experience injuries that are consistent with the "for-profit" and "interpersonal conflict" explanations of elder abuse or neglect. Using data from the United States Bureau of Labor Statistics results indicate that nursing home workers and home health care workers have higher rates of workplace injuries resulting from assaults and overexertion than do other workers. The data suggest that there are unique structural and situational factors present in the nursing home, which create a work setting vulnerable to conflict, violence, and elder abuse. (Copies of this article are available from: Haworth Document Delivery Centre, Haworth Press Inc., 10 Alice Street, Binghamton, NY 13904-1580).
Sexual abuse of elderly people: would we rather not know the details?
- Author:
- JEARY Katharine
- Journal article citation:
- Journal of Adult Protection, 6(2), September 2004, pp.21-30.
- Publisher:
- Emerald
Considers the wide-ranging situations and circumstances in which sexual abuse of elderly people occurs and suggests that the complexities inherent in the issue mean that policy-makers and practitioners face real challenges in minimising future instances of victimisation. The paper is drawn from a research project, directed at the University of Nottingham by Professor Olive Stevenson and funded by the Nuffield Foundation.
Mistreated older adults with dementia in the home: practitioner experience and unattainable professional agency
- Authors:
- LINDENBACH Jeannette, et al
- Journal article citation:
- Journal of Elder Abuse and Neglect, 31(4-5), 2019, pp.373-401.
- Publisher:
- Taylor and Francis
- Place of publication:
- Philadelphia, USA
The experience of practitioners who encounter mistreatment of an older adult with dementia by a caregiver in the home has received little attention in the literature. A critical research methodology aimed to understand the experience of professional agency, the ability to control outcomes and act in a meaningful way, of health and social service practitioners when encountering these cases in the home. Fifty-one practitioners from urban, rural and Northeastern communities in Ontario participated in semi-structured interviews, reflective journals, as well as focus group discussions. Theoretical thematic analysis of data led to the discovery of five themes: weathering the storm to realisation; cognitive uncertainty; emotional upheaval; one’s inability to resolve the mistreatment; and the double-edge sword of self-reflection. Understanding this experience is an essential step toward improving practice and policy, and achieving positive outcomes for the mistreated older adult with dementia and their caregiver within the home. (Edited publisher abstract)
What can elder mistreatment researchers learn about primary prevention from family violence intervention models?
- Authors:
- MEYER Kylie, et al
- Journal article citation:
- Gerontologist, 59(4), 2019, pp.601-609.
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
Elder mistreatment (EM) is a public health problem that harms millions of older Americans each year. Despite growing recognition of its occurrence, there are no evidence-based primary prevention programs. Although EM is distinct from other areas of family violence, including child maltreatment and intimate partner violence, common risk factors and theoretical underpinnings point to opportunities for prevention strategies. Drawing on evidence-based best practices found in other fields of family violence, this study identifies approaches that could be tested to prevent EM at the hands of family caregivers, who are among the most likely to commit mistreatment. Specifically, this study examines home visiting approaches primarily used in the child maltreatment field and identify components that have potential to inform EM interventions, including prevention. This study concludes that there is enough information to begin testing a prevention intervention for EM that targets caregivers. (Edited publisher abstract)
How older persons explain why they became victims of abuse
- Authors:
- MYSYUK Yuliya, et al
- Journal article citation:
- Age and Ageing, 45(5), 2016, pp.96-702.
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
Background: Elder abuse greatly impacts the quality of life of older individuals. Prevalence rates range from 3 to 30% depending on the definition used. Only about a dozen studies have explored how older victims themselves experience and explain abuse. It is essential that healthcare professionals understand the perceptions of older victims as they are among the most important groups to handle and report abuse. Design: A qualitative study on the perceptions and experiences of victims of elder abuse was conducted using in-depth semi-structured interviews. Setting: Abused individuals living independently, in residential care facilities and nursing homes. Subjects: six males and 11 females aged 63–90 years. Results: The main causes of abuse identified by older victims themselves were mutual dependency between victim and perpetrator, power and control imbalances, loneliness and a marginalised social position of older persons. Effects of abuse included negative feelings, physical and psychological distress, a change of personal norms and values, changed perspectives on money and low self-efficacy. These differential effects depended upon the types of abuse experienced and the relationship with the perpetrator. Coping strategies mentioned by victims were seeking informal or professional help and using self-help strategies. Conclusion: Older victims perceive abuse differently depending on the expected acceptability of the type(s) of abuse experienced and the anticipated stigma associated with the perpetrator involved. The effects and chosen coping strategies are influenced by these considerations and therewith also influence their help-seeking behaviour. Healthcare professionals are encouraged to use these findings in practice to prevent, detect and intervene in elder abuse. (Publisher abstract)
A triadic perspective on elder neglect within the home care arrangement
- Author:
- AYALON Liat
- Journal article citation:
- Ageing and Society, 36(4), 2016, pp.811-836.
- Publisher:
- Cambridge University Press
The present study evaluates a conceptual model of elder neglect within the home care arrangement that takes into consideration the older adult, his or her family members, and the home care worker. Data from 223 complete care-giving units, which consist of an older adult, a family member and a home care worker, were analysed using structural equation modelling. Overall, 31.5 per cent of the older adults, 18 per cent of the care workers and 32.3 per cent of the family members reported at least one type of elder neglect. The proposed model showed a reasonable fit to the data. There was an inverse effect from type of home care to family member's burden and elder neglect, with live-in (around the clock) care being associated with lower levels of family member burden and elder neglect compared with live-out Israeli home care (provided for several hours per week). The amount of informal assistance provided by family members was inversely related to the amount of burden reported by home care workers, with greater informal assistance being associated with lower levels of worker burden. The findings call for the important role of formal home care by demonstrating a potentially protective effect for live-in migrant home care. The study also emphasises the shared burden between formal and informal sources of care. (Publisher abstract)
Longitudinal prevalence and correlates of elder mistreatment among older adults receiving home visiting nursing
- Authors:
- FRIEDMAN Bruce D., et al
- Journal article citation:
- Journal of Elder Abuse and Neglect, 27(1), 2015, pp.34-36.
- Publisher:
- Taylor and Francis
- Place of publication:
- Philadelphia, USA
The objectives of this study were to identify elder mistreatment (EM) prevalence among a cohort of older adults receiving visiting nurse care in their homes, determine EM subtypes, and identify factors associated with EM. EM data were collected by nurses during monthly home visits for up to 24 months. It took the nurses a mean of 10.5 visits to discern EM. Fifty-four (7.4%) of 724 patients were identified as mistreated, of which 33 had enough information to subtype the EM. Of these 33, 27 were victims of neglect, 16 of psychological abuse, and 10 of financial exploitation, and 17 suffered more than one type. Among the entire sample, 11 variables were positively correlated with EM presence. Nurses visiting older adults in their homes should be aware that their patients are, as a group, vulnerable to EM, and that the factors identified here may be specific markers of greater risk. (Publisher abstract)
The impact of power differentials on the care experiences of older people
- Author:
- DOYLE Susanna
- Journal article citation:
- Journal of Elder Abuse and Neglect, 26(3), 2014, pp.319-332.
- Publisher:
- Taylor and Francis
- Place of publication:
- Philadelphia, USA
This study explored the lived experience of a small group of older people living in South East Queensland receiving community-based care while living in their own homes. In-depth unstructured interviews were used in this interpretive hermeneutic phenomenological study to encourage participants to raise experiences that held meaning for them as individuals. Many reported a range of experiences demonstrating active power differentials between themselves as recipients of care and their carers, and impacting on their sense of independence and autonomy. The experiences described provide guidance on how care services might better address the needs of older people, from their own perspective. (Publisher abstract)
The perspectives of older care recipients, their family members, and their round-the-clock foreign home care workers regarding elder mistreatment
- Author:
- AYALON Liat
- Journal article citation:
- Aging and Mental Health, 14(4), May 2010, pp.411-415.
- Publisher:
- Taylor and Francis
Older adults with neuropsychiatric symptoms in dementia are more likely to experience abuse and neglect. One of the most popular long-term care alternatives is round-the-clock care by foreign home care workers. The goal of this study was to identify attitudes towards the management of neuropsychiatric symptoms in Alzheimer’s disease and to evaluate perspectives as to what constitutes elder mistreatment from the perspective of 3 stakeholders: older care recipients; their foreign home care workers; and their family members. Since the foreign home care workers come from different cultural backgrounds, it was hypothesised that their attitudes would deviate from the other stakeholders. Overall, 88 older care recipients, 142 family members, and 127 foreign home care workers responded to a hypothetical case vignette querying about the appropriate care of an older woman who suffers from neuropsychiatric symptoms in dementia. The results showed that foreign home care workers tended to be more lenient toward elder mistreatment relative to older adults and their family members and to view as effective techniques that would non-equivocally be considered abusive and ineffective by current standards. The article concludes that interventions should inform these stakeholders about what constitutes elder mistreatment and should be particularly geared toward addressing cultural differences in the perception of elder mistreatment.