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Moderating effect of communication difficulty on the relationship between depression and pain: a study on community-dwelling older adults in Hong Kong
- Authors:
- CHAN Wallace Chi Ho, KWAN Chi Wai, CHI Iris
- Journal article citation:
- Aging and Mental Health, 19(9), 2015, pp.829-834.
- Publisher:
- Taylor and Francis
Objectives: This study examined the relationship between depression and pain, and the moderating effect of communication difficulty on this relationship, among community-dwelling older adults in Hong Kong. Method: Logistic regression was used to analyse secondary data regarding 12,402 Chinese older adults applying for long-term care service in Hong Kong in 2012. Results: Approximately 30% of participants were depressed and 37% experienced communication difficulty. Depression was associated with increased pain. Communication difficulty was found to moderate the relationship between depression and pain. Pain scores increased more when individuals who experienced communication difficulty reported being depressed, compared to those who did not experience communication difficulty. Conclusion: The moderating effect of communication difficulty may be explained by the interaction between depression and communication difficulty. Participants who were depressed and concurrently experienced communication difficulty may be more likely to catastrophise their pain and may tend to report or experience more pain. Health care professionals need to be aware of the different effects of communication difficulty on the pain experiences of older adults. Psychosocial intervention may be provided to minimize older adults’ communication barriers to pain management. (Edited publisher abstract)
Verbal mistreatment of the elderly
- Authors:
- FULMER Terry, RODGERS Rachel F., PELGER Allison
- Journal article citation:
- Journal of Elder Abuse and Neglect, 26(4), 2014, pp.351-364.
- Publisher:
- Taylor and Francis
- Place of publication:
- Philadelphia, USA
Elder mistreatment is expected to rise with the aging of the American population. To date, the association between specific forms of mistreatment and decreased quality of life is poorly understood. The aim of the present study was to explore the association between verbal mistreatment among elderly individuals and depression and quality of life. A sample of 142 older adults (40% male) aged 65 or over was enrolled from a large medical practice and academic dental practice, mean (SD) age = 74.88 (6.98) years. Thirty-eight percent of the sample reported verbal mistreatment. Controlling for sociodemographic characteristics and depression, verbal mistreatment was a significant predictor of social functioning (r = –.28, p < .001), mental health (r = –.25, p < .001), and role limitations OR = 3.02, 95% CI [1.34–6.77]. The present findings highlight the prevalence of verbal mistreatment of elderly individuals. (Publisher abstract)
Initial development of a new culture-specific screen for emotional distress in older Caribbean people
- Authors:
- ABAS Melanie, et al
- Journal article citation:
- International Journal of Geriatric Psychiatry, 11(12), December 1996, pp.1097-1103.
- Publisher:
- Wiley
Previous research and the authors' own observations suggested that older Caribbean people might use terms for emotional distress that differed from those found in standard screening instruments. Using a combination of qualitative approaches derived from the 'new cross-cultural psychiatry', the authors have developed a new 13 item culture-specific screen containing items which both overlap and differ from those found in, for example, the Geriatric Depression Scale. Explains how the authors' emotional distress scale was drawn up, its uses and limitations.
Depression and communication process in later life marriages
- Authors:
- HARPER James M., SANDBERG Jonathan G.
- Journal article citation:
- Aging and Mental Health, 13(4), July 2009, pp.546-556.
- Publisher:
- Taylor and Francis
About six hundred and fourteen elderly people married to each other, average ages 66 and 63 respectively, in long term, mature marriages, lasting on the average 36 years, completed the Marital Satisfaction Inventory, Revised-MSIr (Snyder, D.K. 1999) and the short version of the Center for Epidemiological Studies Depression Scale (Kohout, F.J., Berkman, L.F., Evans, D.A., & Cornoni-Huntley, J. (1993). The purpose of this study was to determine whether depression in one or both spouses and poor affective and problem solving communication occur together. Husbands and wives were divided into nine groups based on their levels of depression. Analysis of Variance was used to examine the difference in couple affective communication and problem solving scores from the MSIr (1999). The findings indicated that when husbands or wives are more depressed, both affective communication and problem solving processes are impaired for the couple. When both are depressed, affective communication and problem solving are worse than when only one is depressed, and both husband and wife communication scores are worse when one or both partners is depressed than when neither husband nor wife is depressed. While these findings do not point to cause, implications for providing mental health services (including marital therapy) or couple based education groups as supports to the depressed elderly and their spouses are recommended.
Oral versus written administration of the Geriatric Depression Scale
- Authors:
- CANNON B. J., THALER T., ROOS S.
- Journal article citation:
- Aging and Mental Health, 6(4), November 2002, pp.418-422.
- Publisher:
- Taylor and Francis
Forty-four female nursing home residents completed the Geriatric Depression Scale (GDS) twice, using both oral and written administration formats. Test-retest reliability analysis revealed a significant correlation between oral and written administrations for higher cognitive functioning participants, but no correlation for impaired participants. Therefore, the use of the GDS in a cognitively impaired elderly population is questioned.
Ethnic enclave resources and predictors of depression among Arizona's Korean immigrant elders
- Authors:
- KANG Suk-Young, DOMANSKI Margaret Dietz, MOON Sung Seek
- Journal article citation:
- Journal of Gerontological Social Work, 52(5), July 2009, pp.489-502.
- Publisher:
- Taylor and Francis
- Place of publication:
- Philadelphia, USA
This is the first study examining factors influencing depression among Arizona's Korean immigrant older people not resident in ethnic enclaves. A snowball sample of 120 older people, aged 64 and over, completed the study interview. The proportion of respondents reporting depression was 38.1%, higher than the incidence reported among their counterparts in New York City's immigrant ethnic neighbourhoods. Multiple regression analyses (R2 = .44) indicate that English language proficiency had the most powerful effect on explaining depression. Discussion focuses on why initiatives to reduce language barriers among socially isolated older immigrants need to be a first priority in service provision.
Literacy and comprehension of Beck Depression Inventory Response alternatives
- Authors:
- SENTELL Tetine L., RATCLIFF-BAIRD Brenda
- Journal article citation:
- Community Mental Health Journal, 39(4), August 2003, pp.323-331.
- Publisher:
- Springer
This study explored the relationship of literacy level to comprehension of response alternatives from the Beck Depression Inventory (BDI). Twenty-nine adult basic education students, 14 senior citizens, and 20 oncology patients were given a brief literacy assessment and a comprehension test of selected BDI response alternatives. Three raters with clinical experience assessed comprehension. Lower literacy was significantly associated with less comprehension, even when other factors were controlled, yet comprehension problems were still found among higher literacy groups. The percent of participants who correctly paraphrased the selected BDI response alternatives ranged from 0 to 60%. These preliminary results suggest that poor comprehension of mental health measures is not only prevalent, but also cannot be estimated from patients' education or assessed reading levels.
The communication and psychosocial perceptions of older adults with sensory loss: a qualitative study
- Authors:
- HEINE Chryssie, BROWNING Colette J.
- Journal article citation:
- Ageing and Society, 24(1), January 2004, pp.113-130.
- Publisher:
- Cambridge University Press
Sensory loss (visual and/or hearing loss) is prevalent in older adults. Decreased vision and/or hearing acuity often result in poor communication and psychosocial functioning. This qualitative study explores the communication and psychosocial perceptions of a group of older adults with single or dual sensory loss. The aims were to identify the communication difficulties and conversational strategies used by the subjects, and to explore their perceptions of their social adjustment, quality of life and physical and mental well-being. The participants were all older adults with sensory loss who attended the Vision Australia Foundation. In-depth interviews revealed that the participants experienced frequent communication difficulties. They identified the personal, situational and environmental triggers responsible for communication breakdown, and they described the compensation and avoidance strategies that they used. The participants acknowledged that frequent communication breakdown resulted in decreased socialisation. The problems of adjusting to sensory loss, depression, anxiety, lethargy and social dissatisfaction were cited as factors that affected their physical and mental well-being, while being optimistic, coping with their sensory loss, and maintaining social contact contributed to an improved quality of life. All participants expressed interest in being involved in further communication intervention programmes.
Promoting the mental health and well-being of older people: trainer manual to support the level 3 certificate and the level 3 introductory award
- Authors:
- CLARE Alison, CUTHBERT Sharon Lee
- Publisher:
- Pavilion
- Publication year:
- 2008
- Pagination:
- 333p., CD ROM
- Place of publication:
- Brighton
This training manual provides the resources and materials to deliver training to those involved in improving the mental health and well-being of older people, including paid staff, volunteers and informal carers. It includes guidance for trainers, activities and timings, and suggests learning materials and resources. The manual has been developed to support the Level 3 introductory City and Guilds Award, but can also be used to delivery non-accredited learning programmes. The contents are split into eleven units, which include: communication and relationships; working with carers, families and significant others; supporting participation; supporting older people with dementia; supporting older people with depression and anxiety; and assessment, care, support planning and risk management.
Rey verbal learning test is a useful tool for differential diagnosis in the preclinical phase of Alzheimer's disease: comparison with mild cognitive impairment and normal aging
- Authors:
- ESTEVEZ-GONZALEZ Armardo, et al
- Journal article citation:
- International Journal of Geriatric Psychiatry, 18(11), November 2003, pp.1021-1028.
- Publisher:
- Wiley
The purpose o this research was to confirm that performance in verbal learning and memory test (Rey's Auditory Verbal Learning Test-RAVLT) is a helpful early neuropsychological marker of dementia of Alzheimer's type (DAT). RAVLT was administered as part of a more extensive neuropsychological battery at baseline evaluation in 116 unselected patients referred by subjective memory complaints (SMC). Patients were followed longitudinally for 2 years (average interval of 27.7±4 months). Seventy patients were included in the study: 27 developed probable DAT; 17 were diagnosed as cognitively normal persons and 26 were diagnosed with Mild Cognitive Impairment (MCI). Remaining patients abandoned or they did not meet the criteria for DAT, MCI or control. Performance on RAVLT at the baseline evaluation was compared between groups. Patients diagnosed two years later with probable DAT showed lower results, more frequently performed a score of zero at the delayed recall test (Trial 6) and had a percentage of forgetting (difference between Trials 5 and 6) higher than 75%. Score at delayed recall test and percentage of forgetting correlated with functional scales such as MMSE, Geriatric Depression Screening, Informant Questionnaire and Blessed's Dementia Rating. RAVLT could help to identify those patients with SMC who would progress to DAT over a few years, and also to differentiate between the preclinical phase of Alzheimer's disease, mild cognitive impairment and normal aging. A score of zero at the delayed recall test or a percentage of forgetting 75% in patients with SMC is suggestive of probable DAT in the future.