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Reframing language, disrupting aging: a corpus-assisted multimodal critical discourse study
- Authors:
- MAGLIE Rosita Belinda, CENTONZE Laura
- Journal article citation:
- Working with Older People, 25(3), 2021, pp.253-264.
- Publisher:
- Emerald
Purpose: The purpose of this paper is to explore two channels of communication (i.e. texts and images) from a non-governmental organization website called #DisruptAging with the aim of finding how multimodal knowledge dissemination contributes to dismantling misconceptions about the aging process. Design/methodology/approach: This analysis is based on an integrated approach that combines corpus-assisted discourse analysis (cf. Semino and Short, 2004; Baker et al., 2008, Baker, 2010) and multimodal critical discourse analysis (Machin and Mayr, 2012) via the American Medical Association format (2007) and the suite of FrameWorks tools (2015, 2017), which are applied to the collection of texts and images taken from #DisruptAging. Findings: A total of 69 stories corresponding with 218 images of older adults have shown to be powerful textual and semiotic resources, designed both for educational and awareness-raising purposes, to promote the so-called “aging well discourse” (cf. Loos et al., 2017). Social implications: This discursive approach to the textual and visual material found in #DisruptAging hopes to influence the governing institutions that we construct, and the people who are given power to run them, with the goal of fostering fair treatment of older people within society. Originality/value: There is a lack of studies investigating counter-discourse forms available online, which use textual and visual language to change the way society conceives the idea of aging. (Edited publisher abstract)
Challenging ageism: a guide to talking about ageing and older age
- Author:
- CENTRE FOR AGEING BETTER
- Publisher:
- Centre for Ageing Better
- Publication year:
- 2021
- Pagination:
- 16
- Place of publication:
- London
This guide is designed as a practical tool to support organisations in communicating about ageing and older age. The way people currently talk about ageing and older age is largely negative. To change this conversation we need to stop reinforcing these beliefs – and tell a new story. Small changes to the ways that we speak and write about ageing and older age, if applied consistently, could have a big impact. The guide sets out five age-friendly communications principles, which are: shift associations with frailty, vulnerability and dependency – being older doesn’t necessarily mean you are frail, vulnerable or dependent; use preferred terminology – the term older adult(s) or older person/people is respectful and should be the standard if there is a clear need to reference the age of someone or group; avoid ‘othering’ and compassionate ageism – avoid using terms and language that evokes undue pity and makes older people sound like another group that’s separate from the rest of society; don’t stoke conflict between generations – while views vary across age groups, the majority of the public don’t agree that older people benefit at the expense of younger people; think carefully about imagery – it is important to show diverse, realistic and positive representations of older people. (Edited publisher abstract)
The enigma of Japanese ageing-in-place practice in the information age: does digital gadget help the (good) practice for inter-generation care?
- Author:
- LAI On-Kwok
- Journal article citation:
- Ageing International, 32(3), September 2008, pp.236-255.
- Publisher:
- Springer
- Place of publication:
- New York
Against the background of Japanese demographic transition towards a very aged one, the socio-familial reluctance for ageing-in-institutions, and the limited (already the inadequacy of) institutional care, ageing-in-place is both the socio-familial desirable and the policy solution. This paper examines the coping strategies of Japanese society, in the shortage of caring services, with socio-techno innovations derived from information and communication technologies (ICT), towards ageing-in-place. It examines and discusses the socio-familial-spatial (social networking, location and place) relevance of mobile communication, emphasizing the use of ICT and mobile communication by/with/for ageing population, for realizing the benefits of ageing-in-place. It especially considers elderly and their families, in the need for socially and geo-spatially fixed anchors (the essence of ageing-in-place), despite (or perhaps because of) the ‘mobility’ through ICT.
Ageism and ageist language across the life span: intimate relationships and non-intimate interactions
- Authors:
- NUSSBAUM Jon F., et al
- Journal article citation:
- Journal of Social Issues, 61(2), June 2005, pp.287-305.
- Publisher:
- Wiley
The possible effects of ageist language and ageism on the structure and function of intimate and non-intimate relationships have received significant attention from social scientists. Recent research grounded in communication accommodation theory , the communication predicament model of ageing , the communication enhancement model of ageing, and ageing and stereotype research byHummert (1994)and colleagues point toward the numerous consequences of both negative and positive attitudes toward ageing. Focusing specifically on health care settings, this article reviews recent theoretical positions and empirical findings that link ageist language and ageism to these positive and negative social consequences, and offers pragmatic suggestions and directions for future research.
Knowingly not wanting to know: discourses of people diagnosed with mild cognitive impairment
- Author:
- PEARCE Sian
- Journal article citation:
- Dementia: the International Journal of Social Research and Practice, 15(5), 2016, pp.1246-1259.
- Publisher:
- Sage
Mild cognitive impairment is a heterogeneous clinical state whereby assessed cognitive changes over time may progress to dementia, remain stable or revert to back to normal. This study aimed to identify, through discourse analysis, how people with a diagnosis of mild cognitive impairment used language in order to reveal the societal views and shared meanings of the diagnosis, and the positions taken by people. Seven people with mild cognitive impairment were interviewed, and three discourses emerged during analysis. One of the discourses revealed was ‘Not Knowing’ about mild cognitive impairment. Furthermore, in the absence of a coherent discourse related to mild cognitive impairment, participants went on to position themselves between two more familiar discourse; ‘Knowing’ about ageing and dying and ‘Not Wanting to Know’ about dementia. Clinicians must consider how information is presented to people about mild cognitive impairment, including where mild cognitive impairment is positioned in respect to normal ageing and dementia. (Publisher abstract)
We need to talk about caring: dealing with difficult conversations
- Author:
- INDEPENDENT AGE
- Publisher:
- Independent Age
- Publication year:
- 2016
- Pagination:
- 41
- Place of publication:
- London
Drawing on the findings from an online poll of 2,066 people and a series of focus groups and interviews, this report looks at how and why families avoid talking about challenges they may face in older age. The findings cover the types of conversations taking place, the family members that are hardest to talk to, the topics that are the most difficult to talk about, and the barriers to talking about ageing. Respondents identified future care and housing needs such as end of life care preferences, who will care for them when they were older, and where they would live if they could no longer live at home as the most difficult topics to talk about. The research found that over 60% of people aged 65 and over had never had a conversation with their family about these three issues. Key barriers to conversations identified included lack of knowledge and confidence to begin a conversation, avoiding facing undesirable possibilities, such as residential care, and lack of time for discussion. The report makes recommendations to help remove these barriers, including for agencies make their care information more accessible, for care homes need to increase their outreach to show more people what living in a care home is like; and for conversations about care in later life to become more natural, with health and care professionals encouraging families they work with to think about key conversations relating to ageing and care. (Edited publisher abstract)
Oral versus written administration of the Geriatric Depression Scale
- Authors:
- CANNON B. J., THALER T., ROOS S.
- Journal article citation:
- Aging and Mental Health, 6(4), November 2002, pp.418-422.
- Publisher:
- Taylor and Francis
Forty-four female nursing home residents completed the Geriatric Depression Scale (GDS) twice, using both oral and written administration formats. Test-retest reliability analysis revealed a significant correlation between oral and written administrations for higher cognitive functioning participants, but no correlation for impaired participants. Therefore, the use of the GDS in a cognitively impaired elderly population is questioned.
Growing older: an ESRC research programme
- Author:
- WALKER Alan
- Journal article citation:
- Quality in Ageing, 3(1), March 2002, pp.4-12.
- Publisher:
- Pier Professional
- Place of publication:
- Brighton
This article introduces the ESRC's Growing Older Programme and outlines some of the challenges it faces. The article opens with a introduction about the demographic pressures that overarch this programme and which were influential in its conception.
Overcoming elderspeak: a qualitative study of three alternatives
- Author:
- CORWIN Anna I.
- Journal article citation:
- Gerontologist, 58(4), 2018, pp.724-729.
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
Purpose: This study identifies genres of communication that avoid the features of elderspeak and successfully engage cognitively or physically affected older adults in rich communicative interaction. Design and Methods: The study examined 100 hr of audio- and video-recorded interaction between older Catholic nuns and their caregivers. The data were collected as part of a 7-year study on the linguistic and communicative factors that contribute to successful ageing in a Catholic convent infirmary. Data analysed in this article were selected from the corpus based on 2 criteria: (a) the interaction was absent of elderspeak and (b) the interaction was between a communicatively or cognitively impaired older adult and a caregiver. Results: Linguistic analysis of the interactions revealed 3 alternatives to elderspeak that maintain lexically and grammatically rich communication while maintaining minimal opportunity for communicative failure or breakdown. These include: (a) offered and requested blessings, (b) jokes, and (c) narratives. Implications: These 3 communicative strategies offer examples of lexically and grammatically complex ways to communicate with older adults who have little other opportunity for similarly complex interaction and may reduce resistiveness to care, and linguistic isolation, which has been linked to cognitive decline. (Edited publisher abstract)
Pain assessment in the older population: what the literature says
- Authors:
- SCHOFIELD Pat, ABDULLA Aza
- Journal article citation:
- Age and Ageing, 47(3), 2018, p.324–327.
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
Assessment of pain in the older adult presents a number of challenges, especially related to communication. This commentary summarises the revised evidence-based Guidelines on the Assessment of Pain in Older Adults which have been developed by the British Pain Society and British Geriatrics Society. The guideline summarises the pain assessment tools that have been developed and validated for use in the older population. Recommendations are made for use of specific tools in older people and in those with dementia. The need for education and training of health care professionals is emphasised. Gaps in the evidence are identified as subjects for future research. It is hoped that the guideline will improve recognition of pain in older people, and help to drive the future research agenda. (Edited publisher abstract)