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Are memory complaints predictive for dementia: a review of clinical and population-based studies
- Authors:
- JONKER Cees, et al
- Journal article citation:
- International Journal of Geriatric Psychiatry, 15(11), November 2000, pp.983-991.
- Publisher:
- Wiley
This article reviews studies that have reported on the prevalence of memory complaints and the relationship between memory complaints and impairment or decline (dementia) in elderly individuals. The prevalence of memory complaints, defined as everyday memory problems, shows a large variation of approximately 25 - 50%. A high age, female gender and a low level of education are generally associated with a high prevalence of memory complaints. Memory complaints in elderly people should no longer be considered merely as an innocent age-related phenomenon or a symptom of depression. Instead, these complaints deserve to be taken seriously, at least as a possible early sign of dementia.
Decline across different domains of cognitive function in normal ageing: results of a longitudinal population based study using CAMCOG
- Authors:
- CULLUM Sarah, et al
- Journal article citation:
- International Journal of Geriatric Psychiatry, 15(9), September 2000, pp.853-862.
- Publisher:
- Wiley
Dementia is an important cause of disability in the elderly. There is evidence that cognitive impairment in dementia is on a continuum with cognitive impairment in the non-demented elderly. Describes the change in different domains of cognitive function over 4 years in a population based sample of non-demented elderly people, and to investigate the effect of sociodemographic variables and baseline cognitive function on change in each of the cognitive domains. Respondents from two group general practice lists were interviewed using the Cambridge Cognitive Examination (CAMCOG).
Validating screening instruments for cognitive impairment in older South Asians in the United Kingdom
- Authors:
- RAIT Greta, et al
- Journal article citation:
- International Journal of Geriatric Psychiatry, 15(1), January 2000, pp.54-62.
- Publisher:
- Wiley
This study aims to determine the sensitivity and specificity of modified versions of two screening instruments for cognitive impairment in a community-based population. Subjects were approached via their general practitioners and interviewed at home. Results found that culturally modified versions of the Mini-Mental State Examination and Abbreviated Mental Test are acceptable and may have a high degree of sensitivity. Results found they may also assist with the recognition of cognitive impairment, if an appropriate cutoff is used.
What is the prevalence of environmental hazards in the homes of dementia sufferers and are they associated with falls
- Authors:
- LOWERY K., et al
- Journal article citation:
- International Journal of Geriatric Psychiatry, 15(10), October 2000, pp.883-886.
- Publisher:
- Wiley
Falls in the elderly are a leading cause of disability, distress, admissions to supervised care and death. The current study examined environmental hazards in the home environments of cognitively impaired elderly people. The authors hypothesized that a substantial number of hazards would be identified and that they would be significantly associated with the number of falls.
Cognitive status and relocation stress: a test of the vulnerability hypothesis
- Authors:
- MIROTZNIK Jerrold, KAMP Lenore Los
- Journal article citation:
- Gerontologist, 40(5), October 2000, pp.531-539.
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
This American study investigates whether cognitively impaired nursing home residents are at particular risk of experiencing harmful effects during a mass, intra-institutional, interbuilding relocation. The findings suggest cognitively impaired residents are not at unusual risk of harmful effects as a consequence of mass, interbuilding transfer. Given the significant relocation main effects, though, caution must be taken in moving cognitively impaired residents, as it should be in moving any residents.
Depression and risk of cognitive decline and Alzheimer's disease. Results of two prospective community-based studies in the Netherlands
- Authors:
- GEERLINGS M.I., et al
- Journal article citation:
- British Journal of Psychiatry, 176, June 2000, pp.568-575.
- Publisher:
- Cambridge University Press
Investigates whether depressed elderly people with normal cognition are at increased risk of cognitive decline and Alzheimer's disease. Results found that in the two independent samples of older people used, depression was associated with an increased risk of Alzheimer's disease and cognitive decline, but only in subjects with higher levels of education
Relationship of behavioral and psychological symptoms to cognitive impairment and functional status in Alzheimer's disease
- Authors:
- HARWOOD Dylan G., et al
- Journal article citation:
- International Journal of Geriatric Psychiatry, 15(5), May 2000, pp.393-400.
- Publisher:
- Wiley
This cross-sectional study examined the relationship of behavioural and psychological symptoms to cognitive and functional impairment in Alzheimer's disease (AD). The results suggest that some non-cognitive symptoms may be related to the neurobiologic mechanisms underlying the increased cognitive dysfunction in AD. Specific symptoms of behavioural pathology may also impact a patient's ability to perform important self-maintenance behaviours.
Psychiatric symptomatology in elderly people admitted to nursing and residential homes
- Authors:
- MOZLEY C. Godlove, et al
- Journal article citation:
- Aging and Mental Health, 4(2), May 2000, pp.136-141.
- Publisher:
- Taylor and Francis
Reports the prevalence of psychiatric morbidity in a cohort of elderly new admissions to nursing and residential homes. Almost two-thirds of the cohort, and 61 percent of those in residential, as opposed to nursing, homes showed clinically significant cognitive impairment. Just under 45 percent were identified as depression 'cases'. More respondents in the lower of two social class categories were found in both cognitively impaired and depressed groups. The high level of psychiatric morbidity in this new admission cohort raises questions about the availability of specialist expertise for this population, for both treatment and pre-admission assessment.
Appropriateness in acquiring a family caregiver interview from older adults with suspected cognitive impairment
- Authors:
- CHUMBLER N.R., HARTMANN D., BECK C.K.
- Journal article citation:
- Aging and Mental Health, 4(2), May 2000, pp.158-165.
- Publisher:
- Taylor and Francis
This study attempted to identify the factors associated with the completion of a family caregiver interview among a sample of older adults with suspected cognitive impairment. Multivariate analysis found that a complete caregiver interview was associated with being male, engaging in more face-to-face contact with family members other than the family caregiver, having more visits to the physician (excluding a psychiatrist) and having more difficulties performing instrumental activities of daily living. Discusses the implications of using telephone interviews to collect and evaluate data on the health status and health service needs of older adults with suspected cognitive impairment.
Accessing and interviewing the oldest old in care homes
- Authors:
- FISK Malcolm, WIGLEY Veronica
- Journal article citation:
- Quality in Ageing, 1(1), September 2000, pp.27-33.
- Publisher:
- Pier Professional
- Place of publication:
- Brighton
Accessing and interviewing older people in residential and nursing homes (care homes) presents a number of methodological challenges. Such challenges were encountered and, in many respects, overcome in a recent survey of more than 900 residents undertaken for the Office of Fair Trading (OFT). This survey helped underpin a broader review of care homes that reflected the OFT's concerns about the 'potential for detriment' in the position of residents as consumers of services. Notable ate the ways in which an attempt was made to maximise the inclusion of people with cognitive impairments through the devising of what was regarded as an appropriate screening test that reflected the demand of the planned interviews. A discussion of the potential for using proxies (for those failing the screening test) points to their inability to fairly represent the views of cognitively impaired residents. Also explored is the way in which access was obtained to residents and issues concerning the gate-keeping role of home owners and managers. Questions relating to the associated rights of residents and third party interests are touched upon.