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COVID 19 and dementia: experience from six European countries
- Authors:
- BURNS Alistair, et al
- Journal article citation:
- International Journal of Geriatric Psychiatry, early cite 18 January 2021,
- Publisher:
- Wiley
The effects of Covid‐19 have been well documented across the world with an appreciation that older people and in particular those with dementia have been disproportionately and negatively affected by the pandemic. This is both in terms of their health outcomes (mortality and morbidity), care decisions made by health systems and the longer‐term effects such as neurological damage. The International Dementia Alliance (IDEAL) is a group of dementia specialists from six European countries and this paper is a summary of our experience of the effects of COVID‐19 on our populations. Experience from England, France, Germany, the Netherlands, Spain and Switzerland highlight the differential response from health and social care systems and the measures taken to maximise support for older people and those with dementia. The common themes include recognition of the atypical presentation of COVID‐19 in older people (and those with dementia) the need to pay particular attention to the care of people with dementia in care homes; the recognition of the toll that isolation can bring on older people and the complexity of the response by health and social services to minimise the negative impact of the pandemic. Potential new ways of working identified during the pandemic could serve as a positive legacy from the crisis. (Edited publisher abstract)
Neglect, abuse and the taking of life in old people's homes
- Author:
- DIESSENBACHER Hardy
- Journal article citation:
- Ageing and Society, 9(1), March 1989, pp.61-71.
- Publisher:
- Cambridge University Press
The German context of violence in residential establishments for the elderly is documented, and a thesis put forward that it is not a lack of humanity but lack of professional routine which is the main cause.
Concepts of quality in residential care and nursing homes: UK and German perspectives
- Authors:
- KLEIN Barbara, COOK Albert
- Journal article citation:
- Health Care in Later Life, 3(1), 1998, pp.47-59.
Care reforms in the UK and Germany continue to emphasise the need for providers to improve the quality of their services. There is, however, some debate about how quality is defined, and what are the benefits of quality assurance systems. Describes the scope of a research project into concepts of quality in the UK and Germany. Explores the interest of the different stake-holders in residential care and the difficulties in achieving an operational definition of quality, and describes the experiences of two quality assurance systems that have been implemented in residential care establishments in the UK and evidence of the benefits to be gained.
The graying of the world: who will care for the frail elderly?
- Editor:
- OLSON Laura Katz
- Publisher:
- Haworth Press
- Publication year:
- 1994
- Pagination:
- 345p.,tables,bibliogs.
- Place of publication:
- Binghamton, NY
Comparative study of policies for older people in 11 countries. Countries covered include Canada, China, Finland, Germany, Israel, Japan, Sweden, United Kingdom, United States and Yugoslavia.
COVID-19 and policies for care homes in the first wave of the pandemic in European welfare states: Too little, too late?
- Authors:
- DALY Mary, et al
- Journal article citation:
- Journal of European Social Policy, 32(1), 2022, pp.48-59.
- Publisher:
- Sage
This article examines COVID-19 and residential care for older people during the first wave of the pandemic in 2020, comparing a range of countries – Denmark, England, Germany, Italy and Spain – to identify the policy approaches taken to the virus in care homes and set these in institutional and policy context. Pandemic policies towards care homes are compared in terms of lockdown, testing and the supply of personal protective equipment. The comparative analysis shows a clear cross-national clustering: Denmark and Germany group together by virtue of the proactive approach adopted, whereas England, Italy and Spain had major weaknesses resulting in delayed and generally inadequate responses. The article goes on to show that these outcomes and country clustering are embedded in particular long-term care (LTC) policy systems. The factors that we highlight as especially important in differentiating the countries are the resourcing of the sector, the regulation of LTC and care homes, and the degree of vertical (and to a lesser extent horizontal) coordination in the sector and between it and the health sector. (Edited publisher abstract)
Physical environments for long-term care: ideas worth sharing
- Editors:
- ARMSTRONG Pat, BRAEDLEY Susan
- Publisher:
- Canadian Centre for Policy Alternatives
- Publication year:
- 2016
- Pagination:
- 114
- Place of publication:
- Montreal
This report provides examples of promising practice which show how planning physical environments in long term care homes can contribute to quality of life and care of residents. The examples demonstrate how environments can shape how care and life in nursing homes are understood, and how they can have a positive impact on residents. It draws on evidence gathered from international ethnographic research carried out in 27 different sites in the six countries of Norway, Germany, the UK, the US, and Canada. Chapters cover a range of issues, including: location of a care home; space; staff - environments for staff to carry out their work and interact with residents; food and residents connections with where food is prepared; locks and doors; clothing and laundry - its role in dignity and identity; and cleaning - the need for both a clean and attractive environment; and environments that meet the needs of those at the end of life. Each chapter includes key questions for consideration to help care homes to improve their practice. The final chapter identifies key lessons from the examples and reflects some of the tensions identified when designing physical environments for long-term residential care. (Edited publisher abstract)
European healthcare: care homes report 2014
- Author:
- KNIGHT FRANK
- Publisher:
- Knight Frank
- Publication year:
- 2014
- Pagination:
- 12
- Place of publication:
- London
This report explores the market composition, structure and context of continental Europe’s four largest care home markets: France, Germany, Spain and Italy. Demand for elderly care is expected to rise significantly, as decreasing fertility rates, coupled with increasing overall life expectancy, are driving up the share of elderly in the population. The growing number of elderly will impact on future demand for long-term care (LTC) services. However, while all types of LTC services are set to increase, they will not do so uniformly. Homecare, the preferred service line for most European countries in recent years, will prove to be inefficient given the rising share of patients with specialised medical needs. Additionally, societal changes, including declining family size, increasing childlessness and rising non-traditional living arrangements, mean that care homes will play a crucial role in caring for the increasing elderly population. The report shows that the somewhat restrictive domestic care home market has driven French-based operators towards further expansion abroad and a greater diversification of services. In Germany, while there remains an acute shortage of beds, the market has experienced an increased level of consolidation in recent years, as well as a string of acquisitions by foreign operators and private equity firms. The recent economic revitalisation has brought greater investor interest in Spain while the Italian care home market remains ripe for new development and investment. The relatively small size of the Italian industry, coupled with the considerable level of market fragmentation, means there is substantial room for new entrants and potentially greater consolidation of private and non-profit homes. (Edited publisher abstract)
Diversification of old-age care services for older people: trade-offs between coverage, diversification and targeting in European countries
- Authors:
- SUNDSTRÖM Gerdt, et al
- Journal article citation:
- Journal of Care Services Management, 5(1), January 2011, pp.35-42.
- Publisher:
- Taylor and Francis
The two major public services for older people are institutional care and home care. In addition to these, a number of other low-level support services have also developed including transportation, meals-on-wheels, alarm systems, and day care. Using secondary analysis of a number of earlier surveys, this paper provides information on the way in which all of these types of support are allocated and who uses them in six different countries: Denmark, Norway, Sweden, Germany, England, Spain, and Israel. It also provides a closer scrutiny of Swedish service profiles. When all types of support are considered, service coverage in these countries is approximately 50% to 100% higher than for the two major types alone. The results suggest that countries with higher service levels target all their services more strictly by needs than countries with lower service levels. In countries with lower user rates, users may get what is available with little differentiation between their needs. The article suggests that a range of services, major and minor, may suit the varying needs of older people, and that minor services may also be used as an inexpensive substitute for full support.
Overseas influence
- Author:
- GEORGE Mike
- Journal article citation:
- Care and Health Magazine, 39, 2.7.03, 2003, pp.34-35.
- Publisher:
- Care and Health
Looks at a new study from the Centre for Research on Ageing and Gender (CRAG) at the University of Surrey which is comparing the organisation and delivery of the residential care system for older people in England and Germany. The study focuses particularly on staff training and qualifications.
The fading prospect of dignity security and independence
- Author:
- WALKER Alan
- Journal article citation:
- Working with Older People, 4(4), October 2000, pp.10-14.
- Publisher:
- Emerald
The author analyses the Government response to the report of the Royal Commission on Long Term Care. He points out that the Royal Nursing College has called the proposals on nursing unworkable and supports a campaign to get the Government to change its mind on free personal care. Also looks at the situation in Australia, Denmark, Germany and New Zealand.