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Black and minority ethnic elderly: perspectives on long-term care
- Author:
- PATEL Nina
- Publisher:
- Policy Research Institute on Ageing and Ethnicity
- Publication year:
- 2010
- Pagination:
- 48p.
- Place of publication:
- Bolton
Based on a series of seminars held in Leeds, London and Edinburgh in 1998, this paper presents the perspectives of black and minority ethnic elders, carers and managers of minority ethnic elders' organisations about long-term care for the elderly. The paper introduces the general context of care for black and minority ethnic older people, including an overview of demographic, socio-economic and health aspects. It considers the views and experiences of the seminar delegates and makes recommendations for the Royal Commission on Long-Term Care for the Elderly. The recommendations cover appropriateness of current models of care, accessing services, planning and paying for long-term care, reducing dependency and alternative models of care, and the future model of care.
Care implications of an ageing ethnic population
- Author:
- MANTHORPE Jill
- Journal article citation:
- Community Care, 4.11.10, 2010, pp.32-33.
- Publisher:
- Reed Business Information
The findings from a report which describes the likely changes in the age structure of the black and minority groups in England and Wales are summarised and reviewed. The report 'The future ageing of the ethnic minority population of England and Wales', published by the Centre for Policy on Ageing and Runnymede, uses data on fertility, mortality and migration to make projections of the number and profile of older people from ethnic minorities. Although it is difficult to make accurate predictions, the report is recommended for planners to think about the types and amount of support that may be needed in the future.
The future ageing of the ethnic minority population in England and Wales
- Author:
- LIEVESLEY Nat
- Publisher:
- Runnymede Trust
- Publication year:
- 2010
- Pagination:
- 81p., bibliog.
- Place of publication:
- London
This report gives a detailed estimate of the ethnic make-up of the older population of England and Wales over the next 40 years. It uses, as its classification of ethnicity, the 16 ethnic groups chosen for the 2001 census. While the present population of older black and minority ethnic (BME) people is relatively small and mainly born overseas, over time it will become much larger, more ethnically diverse and will include more people born in the UK . The study used the 16 ethnic group classifications used by the 2001 census. Using 2001 census data as a starting point, the study projects population figures at 5 year time points to 2051 using Cohort Component projections. The report finds that by 2051 the BME (including white ethnic minority groups) population of England and Wales will have reached 25 million, making up 36% of the total. By 2051, in England and Wales , there will be 3.8 million BME older people aged 65 and over and 2.8 million aged 70 and over. This changing population will have implications for public service planners at a local and national level and financial institutions.
The importance of cultural competence in caring for and working in a diverse America
- Author:
- PARKER Victoria A.
- Journal article citation:
- Generations, 34(4), Winter 2010, pp.97-102. Published online only.
- Publisher:
- American Society on Aging
The implications of the increasingly diverse populations of both older people and eldercare providers are discussed in relation to cultural competence. It is argued that interventions to enhance cultural competence can and should be embedded in broader efforts to enhance communication skills both within the workforce and with older service users. The article is written from an American perspective.
Lessons learned from implementing a psycho-educational intervention for African American dementia caregivers
- Authors:
- MORANO Carmen L., KING M. Denise
- Journal article citation:
- Dementia: the International Journal of Social Research and Practice, 9(4), November 2010, pp.558-568.
- Publisher:
- Sage
The process of developing and implementing a psycho-educational intervention for African American caregivers in the United States is described. The process which was informed by a review of the caregiving and intervention literature, and stress, appraisal, and coping theory. The intervention included 12 modules that lasted approximately 90 minutes each. Twelve participants were recruited from the local Alzheimer’s Association, local area churches and social clubs, and primary care physicians. The article discusses issues that came up during the pilot test and highlights the importance of participant input, in the design, implementation, and evaluation of intervention programmes. The dilemmas created due to the competing needs for good research with those of the participants are highlighted.
Black and minority ethnic older people and mental well-being: possibilities for practice
- Authors:
- MANTHORPE Jill, MORIARTY Jo, STEVENS Martin, HUSSEIN Shereen, SHARIF Nadira
- Journal article citation:
- Working with Older People, 14(4), December 2010, pp.32-37.
- Publisher:
- Emerald
Drawing on findings from a practice enquiry, the authors discuss examples of arrangements and practice approaches which focus on mental well being of black and minority ethnic (BME) older people. The practice enquiry interviews over 80 practitioners, managers, older people and carers from four parts of the UK over 2009-2010. Practice from a range of different social care settings (including voluntary and community groups, sheltered housing, day care and care management) were covered. Respondents described and reflected on the support for older people from BME backgrounds, particularly focusing on how they might promote mental well-being. Practitioners emphasised the importance of talking to BME older people to determine what they wanted and what they might choose to support their mental well-being. They generally felt training was welcome but that it needed to recognise the local context and the reality of social care practice. Practitioners often lacked confidence in working with BME older people if they were not in areas where they are regular service users. Many of the practitioners were working in isolation without access to skilled support. Implications for practice are briefly discussed.
Financial exploitation and psychological mistreatment among older adults: differences between African Americans and non-African Americans in a population-based survey
- Authors:
- BEACH Scott R., et al
- Journal article citation:
- Gerontologist, 50(6), December 2010, pp.744-757.
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
This study investigated racial differences in the prevalence of financial exploitation and psychological mistreatment of older adults since turning 60 and in the past 6 months, and also in the experience of psychological mistreatment (perpetrator, frequency, and degree of upset) in the past 6 months. The study involved random digit dial telephone recruitment and a population-based survey in which half of the interviews were conducted by telephone and half in-person. The participants were 693 non-African American and 210 African American adults aged 60 years and older in Allegheny County (Pittsburgh), Pennsylvania. The results indicated that the prevalence rates were significantly higher for African Americans than for non-African Americans for financial exploitation since turning 60 (23.0% versus 8.4%) and in the past 6 months (12.9% versus 2.4%) and for psychological mistreatment since turning 60 (24.4% versus 13.2%) and in the past 6 months (16.1% versus 7.2%). There were also racial differences in the experience of psychological mistreatment in the past 6 months. Risk for clinical depression was also a consistent predictor of financial exploitation and psychological mistreatment.
Caregiving, residence, race, and depressive symptoms
- Authors:
- SIEGLER Ilene C., et al
- Journal article citation:
- Aging and Mental Health, 14(7), September 2010, pp.771-778.
- Publisher:
- Taylor and Francis
The literature on the impact of caregiving has found that black caregivers tend to report fewer depressive symptoms. The objective of this study was to evaluate the psychological responses to caregiving between black and white dementia caregivers with different residential arrangements, measured by self-reports of depressive symptoms evaluating the impact of sub-components of the Center for Epidemiologic Studies Depression Scale (CES-D). The method included 87 intergenerational family caregivers enrolled in the Duke Caregiver Study (50 white and 37 black). Three models were examined. The first model tested race, living arrangements, and their interaction. The second model adjusted for age, gender, education, income, health status, cultural justification for caregiving, crime concerns, systolic blood pressure, diastolic blood pressure, and glycosylated haemoglobin. A third model added adjustment for caregiver burden. The results showed that there was a significant race by residence interaction for CES-D, somatic symptoms and depressive affect such that when the dyads are living apart (with the care recipient in their own home or in an institutional setting) whites reported more depressive symptoms than blacks. When the dyads lived together, this was reversed, and blacks reported higher depressive symptoms than whites. To conclude, all the parameters such as race, living arrangements, and the components of depression need to be taken into account to understand the impact of caregiving on the emotional health of caregivers.
African-American urban clergy's literacy of Alzheimer's disease
- Authors:
- STANSBURY Kim L., HARLEY Debra A., BROWN-HUGHES Travonia
- Journal article citation:
- Social Work in Mental Health, 8(3), May 2010, pp.254-266.
- Publisher:
- Taylor and Francis
- Place of publication:
- Philadelphia, USA
This study aimed to determine urban African-American clergy's awareness of Alzheimer's disease, and their willingness to provide support to elders and their family/caregivers. Interviews were conducted with 9 African-American clergy who presided over churches in central Kentucky. Findings showed that all clergy had previous experience providing pastoral care to adults with Alzheimer's disease and were literate regarding its treatment. The clergy were all able to identify risk factors associated with Alzheimer's disease, such as age, diet, genetics, lifestyle choices, diabetes and hypertension. The clergy also acknowledged that Alzheimer's was an incurable degenerative disease. Endorsement of professional help was unanimous, because they felt they could offer no more than emotional support. A majority of participants were knowledgeable about various health and mental health agencies, but were unfamiliar with the process of navigating them. In conclusion, the authors suggest that collaboration between government, educational, and faith based programmes could foster interventions that are effective in meeting the needs of diverse populations of Alzheimer's sufferers.
Bringing dementia out of the shadows for BME elders: a report on the Ethnic Minority Dementia Advocacy Project (EMDAP)
- Author:
- ADVOCACY PLUS
- Journal article citation:
- Working with Older People, 14(1), March 2010, pp.12-15.
- Publisher:
- Emerald
In this article, Advocacy Plus (formerly Westminster Advocacy Service for Senior Residents) presents the findings and recommendations of the 2009 report Bringing Dementia Out Of the Shadows for BME Elders: A Report on the Ethnic Minority Dementia Advocacy Project, which examined the impact of dementia on black and minority ethnic communities, their attitudes towards the disease, the cultural barriers that prevent effective help, support and advocacy, and the gaps in current service provision. The article summarises the findings of the research, including that very little is known about the numbers or experience of BME people with dementia and that many BME community organisations know little of the prevalence of dementia in their communities, the nature of dementia or the services available to support them, discusses working with advocacy providers and BME community organisations, and sets out some of the barriers to access the service for BME elders and good practice guidance on delivering services that are accessible to BME elders.