Search results for ‘Subject term:"older people"’ Sort:
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The effects of race and ethnicity on use of health services by older Americans
- Authors:
- LUM Yat-Sang, CHANG Hong Jer, OZAWA Martha N.
- Journal article citation:
- Journal of Social Service Research, 25(4), 1999, pp.15-42.
- Publisher:
- Taylor and Francis
- Place of publication:
- Philadelphia, USA
This study examines racial and ethnic differences in use of health services by white, African American and Hispanic elderly people. Results of the sample found that African American and Hispanic elderly were more likely to make physician visits, Hispanic elderly made more visits than white elderly. Results also found the effects of factors affecting use of health services varied by race and ethnicity.
Re-examining ethnic differences in concerns, knowledge, and beliefs about Alzheimer's disease: results from a national sample
- Author:
- AYALON Liat
- Journal article citation:
- International Journal of Geriatric Psychiatry, 28(12), 2013, pp.1288-1295.
- Publisher:
- Wiley
The 2010 US Health and Retirement Study was used to evaluate the differences in concerns, knowledge, and beliefs about Alzheimer's disease (AD) in three ethnic groups of older adults (White, Latino, and Black). Data from 939 White, 120 Latino, and 171 Black respondents who completed a special module about AD concerns, knowledge, and beliefs were analysed for the study. Significant ethnic differences were found on 7 of 13 items. However, after the adjustment for education, gender, age, having a family member with AD, depressive symptoms, and medical comorbidity, only four items showed significant ethnic group differences; relative to White respondents, Black respondents were less likely to report that having a parent or a sibling with AD increases the chance of developing AD and that genetics was an important risk for AD. In addition, relative to White respondents, both Black and Latino respondents were more likely to perceive stress as a potential risk for AD. Latino respondents were less likely to perceive mental activity as a protective factor. The study found limited ethnic group differences, with most items showing a similar pattern across groups. Nevertheless, the nature of the ethnic group differences found might be associated with a differential pattern of health service use. (Edited publisher abstract)
Anxious depression among Puerto Rican and African-American older adults
- Authors:
- DIEFENBACH Gretchen J., et al
- Journal article citation:
- Aging and Mental Health, 13(1), January 2009, pp.118-126.
- Publisher:
- Taylor and Francis
Interviews were conducted with 218 Puerto Rican and 206 African American older (age ≥60) urban senior housing residents. Data were collected on diagnostic status, depression severity and psychosocial functioning. Results indicated a higher prevalence of major depressive disorder (MDD) and anxious depression among Puerto Rican participants. Anxious depression was associated with more severe ratings of distress and suicidality compared with MDD alone, and the impact of depression and anxiety was most pronounced for the Puerto Rican participants. Puerto Rican participants also reported poorer subjective health and more substantial disability; however, these effects were independent of depression or anxiety status. Anxious depression is common among older ethnic minority adults and the impact of these symptoms differs by race/ethnicity. These results highlight the importance of conducting culturally sensitive assessments of depression and anxiety among older adults.
Recruitment and retention of Latino dementia family caregivers in intervention research: issues to Face, lessons to learn
- Authors:
- GALLAGHER-THOMSON Dolores, et al
- Journal article citation:
- Gerontologist, 43(1), February 2003, pp.45-51.
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
This article reviews and critiques several issues of importance to those whose goal is to make intervention research with Latino caregivers more "user-friendly." Issues range from current demographic trends showing the ever-increasing number of Latino caregivers to discussion of cultural values that influence their help-seeking behaviour. Clinical researchers need to increase their sensitivity to such issues as cultural values and language preference and develop effective collaborations with the Latino community so that intervention research programs can be designed and implemented successfully with Latinos caring for cognitively impaired elderly family members at home.
Care-receivers' perception of their role in the care process
- Authors:
- COX Enid Opal, DOOLEY Alberta Coy
- Journal article citation:
- Journal of Gerontological Social Work, 26(1/2), 1996, pp.133-152.
- Publisher:
- Taylor and Francis
- Place of publication:
- Philadelphia, USA
Elderly black, Hispanic and white care-receivers in the United States of America were interviewed in-depth regarding their role and their perceptions of the caregiving/care-receiving process. In-depth structured interviews were also conducted with caregivers. Respondents identified a number of common strategies used to assist their caregivers and/or provide self-care. The importance of education, mutual support between caregiver and care receiver, assumption of responsibility for acceptance of disabilities, and learning new ways of coping were identified as key factors in the care process. Describes the critical importance of care-receivers' roles in maintaining mental health, positive attitudes, and learning new patterns of behaviour in the care process and the importance of further exploration of care-receiver issues to social work practice is suggested.
The race paradox in subjective wellbeing among older Americans
- Authors:
- TANG Fengyan, et al
- Journal article citation:
- Ageing and Society, 39(3), 2019, pp.568-589.
- Publisher:
- Cambridge University Press
This study aims to assess racial differences in subjective wellbeing (SWB) and to examine whether the pathways of social support and social engagement to SWB vary by racial groups in the United States of America. Using a local sample (N = 1,035) and a nationally representative sample of the Health and Retirement Study (N = 7,718), the authors compared life satisfaction and happiness between non-Hispanic Whites and Blacks aged 55 and over. They evaluated the extent to which race, other socio-demographic characteristics, health, social engagement and social support explained the variances in SWB and examined the moderation effects of race on the relationships of SWB with age, social support and social engagement. Multiple regression analyses showed that non-Hispanic Blacks were at least as satisfied as, and even happier than White peers, after equalising social resources and health variables. Social support was significantly related to SWB, and it seemed that positive support was more important to Whites than to Blacks in predicting life satisfaction. In addition, the racial crossover effect existed, that is, the old-old (80+) Blacks were happier than their White peers. Findings indicate a national trend of the race paradox in SWB and underscore the importance of social support in promoting older adults’ wellbeing. Future research is recommended to investigate other potential mechanisms among Black older Americans to explain their relatively better SWB. (Edited publisher abstract)
Socioecological factors and positive aspects of caregiving: findings from the REACH II intervention
- Authors:
- CHO Jimmyoung, ORY Marcia G., STEVENS Alan B.
- Journal article citation:
- Aging and Mental Health, 20(11), 2016, pp.1190-1201.
- Publisher:
- Taylor and Francis
Objective: Taking a socioecological perspective, this study assessed the relationship of intrapersonal, interpersonal, and organisational factors to positive aspects of caregiving (PAC) for 642 dementia caregivers by racial/ethnic group from the baseline data of the multisite Resources for Enhancing Alzheimer's Caregiver Health II (REACH II) intervention. Methods: Nine intrapersonal indicators, 4 interpersonal indicators, and 12 organisational indicators were used. Blocked-multiple regression analyses by three racial/ethnic groups were computed to examine significant factors related to PAC among caregivers after controlling for memory and behavioural problems. Results: Data showed a significant difference in PAC and significantly different indicators of PAC by racial/ethnic group. Hispanic caregivers reported the highest level of PAC while White participants showed the lowest scores on the measure of PAC. Education, marital status, and using formal transportation services were significant predictors for PAC among Hispanic caregivers; age, education, caregiving duration, and received social support were significant for PAC among African American caregivers; and sex, education, being a spousal caregiver, satisfaction with social support, using help from homemaker and visiting nurse services, and participating in support groups were significant among White caregivers. Conclusion: Findings indicate that PAC varies significantly across the three studied racial/ethnic groups of family caregivers and that intrapersonal, interpersonal, and organizational factors relate uniquely to PAC. Additional investigations of PAC could serve an important role in the development of family caregiving supports and services. (Edited publisher abstract)
Sociodemographic characteristics and health status of Asian, Hispanic, and Non-Hispanic White family caregivers of older adults across generations
- Author:
- MIYAWAKI Christina E.
- Journal article citation:
- Journal of Ethnic and Cultural Diversity in Social Work, 24(4), 2015, pp.257-279.
- Publisher:
- Taylor and Francis
- Place of publication:
- Philadelphia, USA
Using the 2009 California Health Interview Survey, this study examines and compares the sociodemographic characteristics and health conditions of Asian (N = 591), Hispanic (N = 989), and White (N = 6,537) American caregivers of older adults by race/ethnicity and three successive immigrant generations. Second-generation Asian and Hispanic caregivers were the youngest while White counterparts were the oldest. The later the Asian and Hispanic generation, the better their educational attainment, but the poorer their health status. Findings suggest the importance of awareness of generational differences so that social workers can provide culturally and generationally appropriate services to racially/ethnically diverse caregiver populations more effectively. (Publisher abstract)
Race/ethnicity and socio-economic class as correlates of disability in old age
- Authors:
- OZAWA Martha N., YEO Yeong Hun
- Journal article citation:
- Journal of Gerontological Social Work, 51(3-4), 2008, pp.337-365.
- Publisher:
- Taylor and Francis
- Place of publication:
- Philadelphia, USA
Previous research indicates that although the incidence of severe disability seems higher among Black and Hispanic social security beneficiaries, the effect of race/ethnicity on disability diminishes in old age, and it may possibly reverse the situation, with the odds of older Black and Hispanic people having disabilities being smaller than those of white older people. This article describes a study undertaken to test these ideas by analysing the 2000 Health and Retirement Study Wave 5, as reconfigured by the Rand Corporation. The analysis concluded that it was socio-economic factors more than race/ethnicity which correlated with disability in old age, but in reality because elderly Black and Hispanic people were more disadvantaged socio-economically they were more likely to become disabled.
Older women’s perceptions of elder maltreatment and ethical dilemmas in adult protective services: a cross-cultural exploratory study
- Authors:
- DAKIN Emily, PEARLMUTTER Sue
- Journal article citation:
- Journal of Elder Abuse and Neglect, 20(1), January 2009, pp.15-57.
- Publisher:
- Taylor and Francis
- Place of publication:
- Philadelphia, USA
This study is based on the themes revealed by eight focus groups conducted with 88 African American, Latina and Caucasian women aged 60 and over from varying socioeconomic backgrounds. It explored their perceptions of elder abuse and of three ethical dilemmas associated with intervention: mandatory reporting of abuse; the use of involuntary protection; and the criminalisation of elder abuse. The participants demonstrated a broad and inclusive view of elder abuse: though generally excluding self-neglect, which is responsible for most referrals to adult protective services, they extended the definition to cover societal maltreatment such as abandonment in nursing homes. In response to case vignettes, they showed strong support for protection over the wishes of clearly vulnerable adults by favouring mandatory reporting, involuntary protection and criminalisation of elder abuse. Throughout, differences in responses by ethnic and socioeconomic status are highlighted.