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A MDS/RAI assessment tool in action: staff views from five care homes
- Authors:
- PATSIOS Demi, GALLAGHER June, COOPER Marilyn
- Journal article citation:
- Care Plan, 7(2), December 2000, pp.11-15.
- Publisher:
- Positive Publications/ Anglia Polytechnic University, Faculty of Health and Social Work
Tools used for assessing the needs of older people have been widely criticised. Researchers from the University of Bristol recently piloted a comprehensive assessment tool designed to provide a holistic assessment of health and social care needs. Pioneered in the United States, it is now used in many other countries and could provide the basis for a national standardised system for the UK. Discusses the results of the pilot.
Mode of administration effects on disability measures in a sample of frail beneficiaries
- Authors:
- WALSH Edith G., KHATUTSKY Galina
- Journal article citation:
- Gerontologist, 47(6), December 2007, pp.838-844.
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
This American study aimed to compare disability rates resulting from several modes of survey administration in a single sample of frail elders. Using the same battery of six ADL questions resulting level of disability were compared across several modes of administration: mail survey with telephone follow-up, in person interview, and evaluation by a registered nurse, further comparing self and proxy responses where both were available. A crosswalk between these measures and clinical evaluations was also created by rehabilitation therapists, allowing another point of comparison. Disability rates varied substantially by mode of survey administration and all survey modes yielded lower rates of disability than those we derived from clinical assessments. Implications: Relying on self-report in evaluating functional status may underestimate disability in clinical evaluations, level of care determinations and service planning. Researchers and policymakers should also take mode of administration effects into account when estimating or comparing disability rates.
Screening for problem drinking in older people referred to a mental health service: a comparison of CAGE and AUDIT
- Authors:
- PHILIPOT M., et al
- Journal article citation:
- Aging and Mental Health, 7(3), May 2003, pp.171-175.
- Publisher:
- Taylor and Francis
The aim of the study was to evaluate the validity of the Alcohol Use Disorders Identification Test (AUDIT), the five-item version (AUDIT-5) and the CAGE as screening tests for problem drinking in mentally ill older people. The study was of prospective cross-sectional design with Questionnaire survey and interview and included all consecutive referrals to an old age psychiatry service fulfilling inclusion criteria. Sensitivity, specificity and positive predictive values and areas under the receiver operating characteristic curves (AUROC) for the AUDIT, AUDIT-5, and CAGE were the primary outcome measures. Using clinical criteria as the gold standard, the AUDIT, AUDIT-5 and CAGE had AUROCs of 0.961, 0.964, and 0.780 respectively. The AUDIT-5 performed best of the three scales with a sensitivity of 75.0%, specificity of 97.2% and positive predictive value of 83.3% when using a 4/5 cut-point. The AUDIT-5 performed as well as the AUDIT and better than the CAGE in identifying problem drinking in this sample. The AUDIT-5 may be a useful addition to the specialist mental health assessment of older people.
The Challenging Behaviour Scale (CBS): development of a scale for staff caring for older people in residential and nursing homes
- Authors:
- MONIZ-COOK Esme, et al
- Journal article citation:
- British Journal of Clinical Psychology, 40(3), September 2001, pp.309-322.
- Publisher:
- Wiley
A review of behaviourial rating scales identified the need for a measure of resident behaviours that staff in care for older people find difficult to manage. A 25-item, broad-based rating scale, the Challenging Behaviour Scale (CBS), was developed to meet this need and its psychometric properties were examined. Results found the scale was able to record staff reports of the incidence, frequency and 'management difficulty' of resident behaviour and also identify 'challenging residents through a computed score. Concludes that the CBS is quick to complete and may have potential for evaluation of psychosocial interventions in care settings. Suggestions for improvements in criterion and content validity are outlined.
Are there differences in standard of care for the elderly? A comparative study of assistance decisions in Stockholm
- Authors:
- LAGERGREN M., JOHANSSON P-A.
- Journal article citation:
- Scandinavian Journal of Social Welfare, 7(4), October 1998, pp.340-349.
- Publisher:
- Munksgaard/ Blackwell
Discusses how according to Swedish law, an elderly dependent person is entitled to public services in the form of home help in ordinary housing or a place in special housing - i.e. sheltered housing, a residential home or a nursing home. Describes a study of ten districts in Stockholm in order to determine whether there were systematic differences between districts with regard to provision of services to the elderly.
PSSRU survey of residential and nursing home care
- Author:
- DARTON Robin
- Journal article citation:
- Mental Health Research Review, 5, May 1998, pp.26-30.
- Publisher:
- Personal Social Services Research Unit
Outlines how, from 1st April 1993, new arrangements were introduced for the assessment of applicants for public funding for residential and nursing home care. There is considerable interest in the effects of the changes introduced on the characteristics of individuals admitted to home. Describes a study of residential and nursing home care for elderly people which provides profiles of both new admissions to homes and existing residents. In addition, the surveys were designed to enable comparisons to be made with previous surveys of residential and nursing home care.
The SF-36: reliable and valid for the institutionalised elderly?
- Authors:
- MURRAY M., LEFORT S., RIBERIO V.
- Journal article citation:
- Aging and Mental Health, 2(1), February 1998, pp.24-27.
- Publisher:
- Taylor and Francis
Describes a survey of the Medical Outcomes Study Short Form-36 Health Status Questionnaire (SF-36) which was administered to a sample of older people in the community and in residential care in the USA. The scale displayed a high degree of internal consistency except on the social functioning sub-scale. There was also evidence for the validity of the measure in that there was a gradient in scores from high in the community to low among those in the institution for seniors requiring higher levels of care. Inspection of the content of the Physical and Social Functioning, and the Role Limitation sub-scales raises questions about their appropriateness for residents of a long-term care institution.
A study to examine the relationship of the Assessment of Motor and Process Skills (AMPS) to other tests of cognition and function
- Authors:
- ROBINSON Susanna E., FISHER Anne G.
- Journal article citation:
- British Journal of Occupational Therapy, 59(6), June 1996, pp.260-263.
- Publisher:
- Sage
In this study, the Assessment of Motor and Process Skills AMPS, observational assessment of functional ability, was compared with other tests of function and cognition, namely the Functional Independence Measure FIM, the CAMCOG (the cognitive component of the CAMDEX Cambridge Examination for Mental Status in the Elderly) and the Mini-Mental State Examination MMSE. The subjects were people with diagnosed dementia or mild memory impairment. The results were as expected, revealing significant relationships between AMPS process ability and the CAMCOG, the MMSE and the FIM social/cognition scale, and between AMPS motor ability and the FIM physical scale. This supported the validity of the AMPS as an evaluation of the interaction between cognitive impairments and disability in complex activities of daily living.
Recognising and dealing with the abuse of older people
- Authors:
- PENHALE Bridget, KINGSTON Paul
- Journal article citation:
- Nursing Times, 18.10.95, 1995, pp.27-28.
- Publisher:
- Nursing Times
The phenomenon of elder abuse and neglect is not new; indeed, there is evidence that suggests the issues have been present within society for a considerable period of time. Despite the efforts of health and social care professionals to draw attention to the topic since the issue was first raised in the late 1970s, it is only since 1988 that the issues related to elder abuse and neglect have begun to be addressed. Health and social care professionals have not viewed work with older people very positively.
Needs assessment experience among area agencies on aging
- Author:
- CHEUNG Kam-Fong Monit
- Journal article citation:
- Journal of Gerontological Social Work, 19(3/4), 1993, pp.77-93.
- Publisher:
- Taylor and Francis
- Place of publication:
- Philadelphia, USA
The Older Americans Act requires that Area Agencies on Aging (AAAs) must 'assess the kinds and levels of services needed by older persons in the planning and service area, and the effectiveness of the use of resources in meeting these needs'. Since methods of needs assessment can vary from a complex and quantitative policy analysis to a local public hearing, it is important to establish a needs assessment framework for AAAs' reference. Discusses needs assessment experiences among AAAs, and based on these experiences to develop a framework for connecting needs assessment ideas to the national ageing network.