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Complexity in cognitive assessment of elderly British minority ethnic groups: cultural perspective
- Authors:
- KHAN Farooq, TADROS George
- Journal article citation:
- Dementia: the International Journal of Social Research and Practice, 13(4), 2014, pp.467-482.
- Publisher:
- Sage
Aim: To study the influence of cultural beliefs on the acceptance and accessibility of dementia services by patients from British Minority Ethnic (BME) groups. Results: It is noted that non-White ethnic populations rely more on cultural and religious concepts as coping mechanisms to overcome carer stress. In British Punjabi families, ageing was seen as an accepted reason for withdrawal and isolation, and cognitive impairment was rarely identified. Illiteracy added another complexity, only 35% of older Asians in a UK city could speak English, 21% could read and write English, while 73% could read and write in their first language. False positive results using Mini Mental State Examination was found to be 6% of non-impaired white people and 42% of non-impaired black people. Cognitive assessment tests under-estimate the abilities in BME groups. Wide range of variations among white and non-White population were found, contributors are education, language, literacy and culture-specific references. (Publisher abstract)
DSM-5 research: assessing the mental health needs of older adults from diverse ethnic backgrounds
- Authors:
- ROSE Alexis Lee, CHEUNG Monit
- Journal article citation:
- Journal of Ethnic and Cultural Diversity in Social Work, 21(2), April 2012, pp.144-167.
- Publisher:
- Taylor and Francis
- Place of publication:
- Philadelphia, USA
The Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM) is being updated and expanded by the American Psychiatric Association, based on scientific criteria for developing comprehensive assessments and culturally appropriate interventions to meet the psychological and behavioural needs of individuals. As a clinical manual, it identifies appropriate care through diagnoses and classifications of mental and behavioural health needs. This article analyses current trends and limitations in the design of the DSM, focusing particularly on its application to older adults from diverse ethnic backgrounds. It is based on a literature review which identified 54 articles published between 2001 and 2011 discussing DSM and its applicability to assessing ethnically diverse older adults' mental health. 5 themes emerged from qualitative analysis of the material: assessment issues related to acculturation, limitations with culture elements, health disparities, evidence-based practice with dementia, and prevalence of anxiety and depression. The article discusses incorporation of additional considerations into the DSM in the light of the literature review findings.
BME carers: challenging the myth;"they look after their own"; a good practice guide
- Author:
- WALES. National Assembly
- Publisher:
- Wales. National Assembly
- Publication year:
- 2003
- Pagination:
- 32p.
- Place of publication:
- Cardiff
This examination of the extent to which carers services in Wales are accessible to Black and Minority Ethnic (BME) carers is located within the overall 'Caring about Carers - a Strategy for Carers In Wales (Implementation Plan)', a project initiated by the Welsh Assembly Government. Supported also by the Welsh Assembly Government, and carried out within the auspices of AWEMA (All Wales Ethnic Minority Association) as a BME Carers project, this study sets out to explore the needs of BME carers in Wales and the extent to which they felt that their needs were being recognised and addressed by mainstream services. (Edited publisher abstract)
Racial bias in the assessment of cognitive functioning of older adults
- Author:
- JONES R. N.
- Journal article citation:
- Aging and Mental Health, 7(2), March 2003, pp.83-102.
- Publisher:
- Taylor and Francis
This study was undertaken to determine if the difference in assessed cognition between Black/African-American and White older adults was due differential item functioning (DIF) and/or differences in the effect of background variables. Participants were 15,257 adults aged 50 and older surveyed in the Study of Asset and Health Dynamics of the Oldest Old (AHEAD) and Health and Retirement Study (HRS). The cognitive measure was a modified telephone interview for cognitive status. The analytic strategy was a multiple group structural equation model grounded in item response theory. Results suggest that most (89%) of the group difference could be attributed to measurement or structural differences, the remainder being not significantly different from zero (p=0.193). Most items displayed racial DIF, accounting for most of the group difference. After controlling for DIF, the group difference that remained could be attributed to heterogeneity in the effect of background variables. For example, low education was more deleterious for Black/African-Americans, and high income conferred an advantage only for Whites. These findings underscore the importance of efforts to generate culture-fair measurement devices. However, culture-fair assessments may attenuate, but not eliminate, group differences in assessed cognition due to the incommensurate action of background variables.
Race equality
- Author:
- BUTT Jabeer
- Journal article citation:
- Research Matters, October 2001, pp.48-50.
- Publisher:
- Community Care
Reports on research which uses the 1991 to 1996 General Household Surveys to explore the health status of ethnic minority older people. The article looks at the findings on self-reported health status and how they compare with previous studies before looking at the explanations for the situation.
Bridging the divide of culture and language
- Author:
- JENKINS Catherine
- Journal article citation:
- Journal of Dementia Care, 6(6), November 1998, pp.22-24.
- Publisher:
- Hawker
Good communication is an essential feature of successful work with people with dementia and their carers. Discusses how to enhance skills in communication with people from different cultures.
Caregiving and employment: the impact of workplace characteristics on role strain
- Authors:
- FREDRIKSEN Karen I., SCHARLACH Andrew E.
- Journal article citation:
- Journal of Gerontological Social Work, 28(4), 1997, pp.3-22.
- Publisher:
- Taylor and Francis
- Place of publication:
- Philadelphia, USA
Examines job classification and other workplace characteristics as potential mediators of role strain among university employees with adult care responsibilities. After controlling for background caregiver characteristics and the intensity of care giving demands, it was found that job classification, hours worked, work demands, workplace support, and job flexibility contributed significantly to role strain. Caregivers in staff positions provided higher levels of caregiving assistance and experienced less flexibility, control, and support at the workplace than did academics and administrators. These findings have implications for the development of workplace policies and procedures that are responsive to the unique needs of diverse employee groups.
Ethnic minority senior citizens: the question of policy
- Author:
- VIGILANCE Georgina
- Publisher:
- Standing Conference of Ethnic Minority Senior Citizens
- Publication year:
- 1987
- Pagination:
- 76p., tables.
- Place of publication:
- London
Looks at the policies of London SSDs, and the service and developments that ethnic elderly receive.
Assessing the mental health needs of older people
- Author:
- SOCIAL CARE INSTITUTE FOR EXCELLENCE
- Publisher:
- Social Care Institute for Excellence
- Publication year:
- 2006
- Place of publication:
- London
- Edition:
- Rev. ed.
This web-based resource provides an overview of information and current practice to all those involved in assessing the social care needs of older people with mental health needs. It is aimed primarily at practitioners undertaking assessments, in particular, those front-line staff who may be the first professional in contact with an older person or their family and friends. The Guide provides access to the information and skills that inform sound judgements in the support of service users and carers. Its coverage includes: messages from research; current policy and guidance; service users and carers; the social workers role in assessment; assessing need; black and minority ethnic older people; implications of the Mental Health Act 1983; and interagency working. Also incorporated in the contents are practice and service examples, useful further reading and links to additional information on the web and to full text of official guidance and standards. (Previously published as SCIE Practice Guide no. 2).
Assessment of metabolic syndrome risk factors among rural-dwelling older adults requires innovation: partnerships and a mobile unit can help
- Authors:
- CROWTHER Martha R., et al
- Journal article citation:
- Quality in Ageing and Older Adults, 19(4), 2018, pp.251-260.
- Publisher:
- Emerald
Purpose: Older adults are at risk for developing metabolic syndrome (MSX). Given the growing rural older adult population and the unknown prevalence rate of MSX in rural communities, the purpose of this paper is to assess the risk factors for MSX among rural elders. Design/methodology/approach: Individuals aged 55+ from four West Alabama rural communities were assessed by an interdisciplinary healthcare team via a mobile unit (n=216). Descriptive analyses and analysis of variances (ANOVA) were conducted to assess the effect of gender, race and community on the number of risk factors of MSX among rural elders. Findings: Results of a three-way ANOVA revealed a significant interaction between gender, age and community on the number of MSX risk factors [F (16,193)= 2.41, p <0.01]. Rural communities with lower social economic status (SES) and predominantly African American residents were at higher risk for developing MSX compared to communities with higher SES [F(3, 68) = 7.42, p<0.05]. Practical implications: Findings suggest low SES rural communities are at risk of developing MSX. Innovative approaches such as mobile healthcare delivery are crucial to providing quality healthcare and preventive health screens to underserved rural older adult communities. Originality/value: Limited research is available on assessing rural midlife and older adults at risk for metabolic syndrome largely due to lack of communication or transportation infrastructure and their history of negative experiences with public institutions. This research demonstrates that how these barriers can be addressed. (Publisher abstract)