Search results for ‘Subject term:"older people"’ Sort:
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African-American urban clergy's literacy of Alzheimer's disease
- Authors:
- STANSBURY Kim L., HARLEY Debra A., BROWN-HUGHES Travonia
- Journal article citation:
- Social Work in Mental Health, 8(3), May 2010, pp.254-266.
- Publisher:
- Taylor and Francis
- Place of publication:
- Philadelphia, USA
This study aimed to determine urban African-American clergy's awareness of Alzheimer's disease, and their willingness to provide support to elders and their family/caregivers. Interviews were conducted with 9 African-American clergy who presided over churches in central Kentucky. Findings showed that all clergy had previous experience providing pastoral care to adults with Alzheimer's disease and were literate regarding its treatment. The clergy were all able to identify risk factors associated with Alzheimer's disease, such as age, diet, genetics, lifestyle choices, diabetes and hypertension. The clergy also acknowledged that Alzheimer's was an incurable degenerative disease. Endorsement of professional help was unanimous, because they felt they could offer no more than emotional support. A majority of participants were knowledgeable about various health and mental health agencies, but were unfamiliar with the process of navigating them. In conclusion, the authors suggest that collaboration between government, educational, and faith based programmes could foster interventions that are effective in meeting the needs of diverse populations of Alzheimer's sufferers.
Work-related physical activity and the risk of dementia and Alzheimer's disease
- Authors:
- ROVIO Suvi, et al
- Journal article citation:
- International Journal of Geriatric Psychiatry, 22(9), September 2007, pp.874-882.
- Publisher:
- Wiley
Leisure-time physical activity has been related with a reduced risk of dementia and Alzheimer's disease (AD). The effects of occupational and commuting physical activity (physical activity at work and on the way to work) on cognitive health are still unclear. This study aimed to clarify the association between work-related physical activity and dementia/AD. Participants of the Cardiovascular Risk Factors, Aging, and Dementia (CAIDE) study were derived from random, population-based samples previously studied in a survey carried out in 1972, 1977, 1982, or 1987. After an average follow-up of 21 years, 1449 individuals (73%) aged 65 to 79 years participated in the re-examination in 1998. Neither occupational [Odds Ratio (OR) 1.45; 95% Confidence Intervals (CI) 0.66-3.17] nor commuting physical activity (OR 0.46; 95% CI 0.10-2.17) were associated with the risk of dementia or AD after adjustments for age, sex, education, follow-up time, locomotor symptoms, main occupation during life, income at midlife, leisure-time physical activity, other subtype of work-related physical activity, ApoE genotype, vascular disorders and the smoking status. There were also no interactions between work-related physical activity and the ApoE 4 genotype, leisure-time physical activity or sex. In this study, work-related physical activity was not found to be sufficient to protect against dementia and AD later in life. The lack of effect might be partly due to a residual confounding. Nevertheless, physical activity during leisure-time may be beneficial even for people who are physically active at work or when commuting.
Testing times
- Author:
- PEARCE Jonathan
- Journal article citation:
- Community Care, 9.8.01, 2001, p.27.
- Publisher:
- Reed Business Information
Discusses how genetic science offers a brave new world of human improvement, but if people with dementia in the family are penalised by insurance companies the future will look less bright.
Rights and duties
- Author:
- GEORGE Mike
- Journal article citation:
- Community Care, 1.6.00, 2000, pp.28-29.
- Publisher:
- Reed Business Information
An older person with Alzheimer's disease is proving a danger to herself and others but refuses to leave her neglected home to go into residential care. The author talks to a social worker about the case and the difficulty of striking the right balance between clients' rights and her duty of care.
Predictors of institutionalization for people with dementia living at home with a carer
- Authors:
- HOPE Tony, et al
- Journal article citation:
- International Journal of Geriatric Psychiatry, 13(10), October 1998, pp.682-690.
- Publisher:
- Wiley
This article examines the relationships between behaviour, psychological functioning, the caring environment and subsequent institutionalisation in patients with dementia living at home with a carer. It uses a longitudinal study of behaviour in dementia, with a nested case-control study to investigate predictors of institutionalisation of subjects with dementia living at home with a carer. Concludes that both behaviour and psychological functioning and the caring environment can help in predicting which patients with dementia currently living at home will enter an institution one year later.
The neuropsychological assessment of age related cognitive deficits in adults with Down's Syndrome
- Authors:
- CRAYTON Lissa, et al
- Journal article citation:
- Journal of Applied Research in Intellectual Disabilities, 11(3), 1998, pp.255-272.
- Publisher:
- Wiley
There is substantial evidence that older adults who have Down's Syndrome are at risk for developing Alzheimer's disease. In this study, adults with Down's Syndrome were assessed using a battery of neuropsychological tests, some of which had been used to assess dementia arising from Alzheimer's Disease in the general population. The results of a pre-existing global cognitive comparison, showed no difference between age groups on neuropsychological deficits which may indicate advanced dementia. However, the older age groups showed significantly impaired performance on memory tests in comparison to the younger age group. It is concluded that the more subtle cognitive impairments which associate to Alzheimer's Disease can be identified in the presence of a global cognitive impairment with sufficiently sensitive tests.
Beyond risk: protection and Alzheimer's Disease
- Authors:
- FLAHERTY Gerard, RAIA Paul
- Journal article citation:
- Journal of Elder Abuse and Neglect, 6(2), 1994, pp.75-93.
- Publisher:
- Taylor and Francis
- Place of publication:
- Philadelphia, USA
Describes briefly, within the context of adult protective services, the nature and scope of Alzheimer's Disease, case examples, conventional interventions, recommendations for policy and program changes, and behavioural indicators that prevent at-risk Alzheimer clients from accepting assistance.
Hospital readmission in persons with dementia: a systematic review
- Authors:
- MA Chenjuan, et al
- Journal article citation:
- International Journal of Geriatric Psychiatry, 34(8), 2019, pp.1170-1184.
- Publisher:
- Wiley
Objective: Hospital readmission in persons with dementia is becoming a critical safety and cost issue. The purpose of this review is to systematically assess published evidence on hospital readmissions in persons with dementia, including rate, clinical reasons, risk factors, and prevention programs. Methods: A systematic review of relevant literature was conducted. Literature were searched in PubMed, CINAHL, PsycINFO, and Embase as well as hand searching. Quality of reviewed studies were assessed independently by reviewers using quality assessment checklists. Results: Nineteen studies met the inclusion criteria and were reviewed. In persons with dementia, all‐cause 30‐day readmission rate was most frequently reported and ranged from 7% to 35%. Compared with those without dementia, persons with dementia had significantly higher rate of readmission. Reported risk factors of readmission varied across studies from patient sociodemographic and clinical status, history of health care utilization, to family caregivers. Reasons for readmission were rarely documented. Programs of home‐based individualized care and interdisciplinary team care were used for preventing readmissions. Findings from some of the studies were limited by small sample sizes, single data source, and other methodologic flaws. Conclusions: Persons with dementia are at high risk for hospital readmission, but many of the readmissions are potentially preventable. Multiple strategies such like identifying high‐risk individuals and the clinical reasons for index admission and readmission and implementing home‐based individualized care by interdisciplinary team can reduce preventable hospital readmissions. Future studies should use multiple national data sources and advanced methodology to identify risk factors and clinical reasons of hospital readmissions. (Edited publisher abstract)
Psychosocial risk factors and Alzheimer's disease: the associative effect of depression, sleep disturbance, and anxiety
- Authors:
- BURKE Shanna L., et al
- Journal article citation:
- Aging and Mental Health, 22(12), 2018, pp.1577-1584.
- Publisher:
- Taylor and Francis
Objectives: Alzheimer's disease (AD) dementia is a neurodegenerative condition, which leads to impairments in memory. This study predicted that sleep disturbance, depression, and anxiety increase the hazard of AD, independently and as comorbid conditions. Methods: Data from the National Alzheimer's Coordinating Center was used to analyze evaluations of 12,083 cognitively asymptomatic participants. Survival analysis was used to explore the longitudinal effect of depression, sleep disturbance, and anxiety as predictors of AD. The comorbid risk posed by depression in the last two years coupled with sleep disturbance, lifetime depression and sleep disturbance, clinician-verified depression and sleep disturbance, sleep disturbance and anxiety, depression in the last two years and anxiety, lifetime depression and anxiety, and clinician-verified depression and anxiety were also analyzed as predictors of AD through main effects and additive models. Results: Main effects models demonstrated a strong hazard of AD development for those reporting depression, sleep disturbance, and anxiety as independent symptoms. The additive effect remained significant among comorbid presentations. Conclusion: Findings suggest that sleep disturbance, depression, and anxiety are associated with AD development among cognitively asymptomatic participants. Decreasing the threat posed by psychological symptoms may be one avenue for possibly delaying onset of AD. (Publisher abstract)
Does targeted cognitive training reduce educational disparities in cognitive function among cognitively normal older adults?
- Authors:
- CLARK Daniel O., et al
- Journal article citation:
- International Journal of Geriatric Psychiatry, 31(7), 2016, pp.809-817.
- Publisher:
- Wiley
Objective: The aim of this study was to investigate educational differences in treatment responses to memory, reasoning, and speed of processing cognitive training relative to no-contact control. Methods: Secondary analyses of the Advanced Cognitive Training for Independent and Vital Elderly trial were conducted. Two thousand eight hundred older adults were randomized to memory, reasoning, or speed of processing training or no-contact control. A repeated-measures mixed-effects model was used to investigate immediate post-training and 1-year outcomes with sensitivity analyses out to 10 years. Outcomes were as follows: (1) memory composite of Hopkins Verbal Learning Test, Rey Auditory Verbal Learning Test, and Rivermead Behavioral Memory Test; (2) reasoning composite of letter series, letter sets, and word series; and (3) speed of processing measured using three trials of useful field of view and the digit symbol substitution test. Results: The effects of reasoning and memory training did not differ by educational attainment. The effect of speed of processing training did. Those with fewer than 12 years of education experienced a 50% greater effect on the useful field of view test compared with those with 16 or more years of education. The training advantage for those with fewer than 12 years of education was maintained to 3 years post-training. Conclusion: Older adults with less than a secondary education are at elevated risk of dementia, including Alzheimer's disease. The analyses here indicate that speed of processing training is effective in older adults with low educational attainment. (Publisher abstract)