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Rights at risk: older people and human rights
- Author:
- HARDING Tessa
- Publisher:
- Help the Aged
- Publication year:
- 2005
- Pagination:
- 25p., bibliog.
- Place of publication:
- London
The human rights now enshrined in legislation should affirm the 'equal dignity and worth' to which we are all universally entitled. But the human rights of one sector of society are daily and routinely violated. This penetrating review reveals how deeply embedded age discrimination casually deprives the older generation of rights that the rest of us take for granted.
Encyclopedia of ageism
- Authors:
- PALMORE Erdman, et al, (eds)
- Publisher:
- Haworth
- Publication year:
- 2005
- Pagination:
- 347p.
- Place of publication:
- New York
A review of over 125 aspects of ageism. Written by 60 experts, the book examines topics such as anti-aging, stereotypes, and the media, with numerous references for further information. The resource contains an alphabetical list of the entries, a detailed index, and a list of the entries categorized by subject. This resource aims to increase awareness about the many facets of ageism and to provide a wealth of concepts, theories, and facts about ageism.
Attitudes toward younger and older adults: an updated meta-analytic review
- Author:
- KITE Mary E.
- Journal article citation:
- Journal of Social Issues, 61(2), June 2005, pp.241-266.
- Publisher:
- Wiley
This meta-analytic review of 232 effect sizes showed that, across five categories, attitudes were more negative toward older than younger adults. Perceived age differences were largest for age stereotypes and smallest for evaluations. As predicted by social role theory effect sizes were reduced when detailed information was provided about the person being rated. The double standard of aging emerged for evaluations and behavior/behavioral intentions, but was reversed for the competence category. Perceptions depended on respondent age also. Results demonstrated both the multi-dimensionality and the complexity of attitudes toward older adults.
Ageism: prejudice against our feared future self
- Author:
- NELSON Todd D.
- Journal article citation:
- Journal of Social Issues, 61(2), June 2005, pp.207-221.
- Publisher:
- Wiley
For decades, researchers have discovered much about how humans automatically categorize others in social perception. Some categorizations - race, gender, and age - are so automatic that they are termed "primitive categories." As we categorize, we often develop stereotypes about the categories. Researchers know much about racism and sexism, but comparatively little about prejudicing and stereotyping based on age. The articles in this issue highlight the current empirical and theoretical work by researchers in gerontology, psychology, communication, and related fields on understanding the origins and consequences of stereotyping and prejudicing against older adults. With the aging baby boomer demographic, it is especially timely for researchers to work to understand how society can shed its institutionalized ageism and promote respect for elders.
Models of the aging self
- Authors:
- SNEED Joel R., WHITBOURNE Susan Krauss
- Journal article citation:
- Journal of Social Issues, 61(2), June 2005, pp.375-388.
- Publisher:
- Wiley
Older adults are faced with numerous physical, psychological, and social role changes that challenge their sense of self and capacity to live happily. In addition, they are inundated by our youth-oriented culture with negative ageist stereotypes. Nevertheless, most older adults live happy, fulfilling lives. In this article, we review theories of the aging individual that address this apparent paradox. These theories can be largely divided into those that emphasize control and goal attainment, and those that emphasize the self's organizational capacity. Of the self-oriented theories, the authorsl highlightWhitbourne's identity process perspective, which is specific to the aging process and attempts to explain the self's unique capacity to remain stable yet change over time.
Ageism and ageist language across the life span: intimate relationships and non-intimate interactions
- Authors:
- NUSSBAUM Jon F., et al
- Journal article citation:
- Journal of Social Issues, 61(2), June 2005, pp.287-305.
- Publisher:
- Wiley
The possible effects of ageist language and ageism on the structure and function of intimate and non-intimate relationships have received significant attention from social scientists. Recent research grounded in communication accommodation theory , the communication predicament model of ageing , the communication enhancement model of ageing, and ageing and stereotype research byHummert (1994)and colleagues point toward the numerous consequences of both negative and positive attitudes toward ageing. Focusing specifically on health care settings, this article reviews recent theoretical positions and empirical findings that link ageist language and ageism to these positive and negative social consequences, and offers pragmatic suggestions and directions for future research.
This old stereotype: the pervasiveness and persistence of the elderly stereotype
- Authors:
- CUDDY Amy J. C., NORTON Michael I., FISKE Susan T.
- Journal article citation:
- Journal of Social Issues, 61(2), June 2005, pp.267-285.
- Publisher:
- Wiley
Americans stereotype elderly people as warm and incompetent, following from perceptions of them as noncompetitive and low status, respectively. This article extends existing research regarding stereotyping of older people in two ways. First, the authors discuss whether the mixed elderly stereotype is unique to American culture. Data from six non-U.S. countries, including three collectivist cultures, demonstrate elderly stereotypes are consistent across varied cultures. Second, the authors investigate the persistence of the evaluatively-mixed nature of the elderly stereotype. In an experiment, 55 college students rated less competent elderly targets (stereotype-consistent) as warmer than more competent (stereotype-inconsistent) and control elderly targets. The authors also discuss the type of discrimination social exclusion that elderly people often endure.
Ageism and age categorization
- Author:
- BYTHEWAY Bill
- Journal article citation:
- Journal of Social Issues, 61(2), June 2005, pp.361-374.
- Publisher:
- Wiley
Two approaches to defining ageism are discussed. The significance of chronological age, both for bureaucratic procedures and for research, is considered. This demonstrates how birthdays are associated not just with changing status regarding employment and retirement, but also cultural transformations. The relevance of research based on age categories is critically discussed. It is argued that, while such research provides essential evidence of ageism, it inevitably tends to homogenize, particularly when open-ended "oldest" categories are used. The article concludes with a discussion of four alternative frameworks.
Attributes of age-identity
- Authors:
- BOWLING Ann, et al
- Journal article citation:
- Ageing and Society, 25(4), July 2005, pp.479-500.
- Publisher:
- Cambridge University Press
Chronological age can be an unsatisfactory method of discriminating between older people. The lay concept of how old people actually feel may be more useful. The aim of the analyses reported in this paper was to investigate indicators of age-identity (or subjective age) among a national random sample of people aged 65 or more years living at home in Britain. Information was initially collected by home interview and a follow-up postal questionnaire 12–18 months later. The age that respondents felt was a more sensitive indicator than chronological age of many indicators of the respondents’ health, psychological and social characteristics. Multiple regression analysis showed that baseline health and functional status, and reported changes in these at follow-up, explained 20.4 per cent of the variance in self-perceived age. Adding baseline mental health (anxiety/depression), feelings and fears about ageing at follow-up explained a further 0.8 per cent of the variance, making the total variance explained 21.2 per cent. It is concluded that measures of physical health and functional status and their interactions influenced age-identity. Mental health status and psychological perceptions made a small but significant additional contribution.
Acting their age
- Author:
- HOPKINS Graham
- Journal article citation:
- Community Care, 24.03.05, 2005, pp.42-43.
- Publisher:
- Reed Business Information
Looks at how Bolton primary care trust has been using older people to provide training and raise awareness about age discrimination issues.