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Intrinsic and extrinsic barriers to mental health care among community-dwelling younger and older adults
- Authors:
- PEPIN Renee, SEGAL Daniel L., COOLIDGE Frederick L.
- Journal article citation:
- Aging and Mental Health, 13(5), September 2009, pp.769-777.
- Publisher:
- Taylor and Francis
This American study examined intrinsic and extrinsic barriers to mental health care among younger (n = 76; M age = 23 years) and older adults (n = 88; M age = 71 years) using a new 56 item self-report measure, Barriers to Mental Health Services Scale (BMHSS). The BMHSS was developed to examine 10 barriers to the utilization of mental health services: help-seeking attitudes, stigma, knowledge and fear of psychotherapy, belief about inability to find a psychotherapist, belief that depressive symptoms are normal, insurance and payment concerns, ageism, concerns about psychotherapist's qualifications, physician referral, and transportation concerns. Results indicated that younger adults perceived fear of psychotherapy, belief about inability to find a psychotherapist, and insurance concerns to be greater barriers than older adults. Men perceived stigma to be a greater barrier than women whereas women perceived finding a psychotherapist to be a greater barrier than men. The rank order of the BMHSS subscales was strongly similar for younger and older adults. These results also provide further evidence that stigma about receiving mental health services is not a primary barrier among younger or older adults.
Time since birth and time left to live: opposing forces in constructing psychological wellbeing
- Authors:
- DEMIRAY Burcu, BLUCK Susan
- Journal article citation:
- Ageing and Society, 34(7), 2014, pp.1193-1218.
- Publisher:
- Cambridge University Press
Ageing, by definition, involves moving across lived time. Grounded in developmental psychology, particularly lifespan developmental theory, this study examines two time-related factors that may affect psychological wellbeing in adulthood. Particularly, chronological age and perceived time left to live (i.e. future time perspective) are predicted to act as opposing forces in the construction of psychological wellbeing. Young (N = 285, 19–29 years) and middle-aged adults (N = 135, 47–64 years) self-reported their current psychological wellbeing (across six dimensions) and their sense of future time perspective. As predicted, mediation analyses show that higher levels of chronological age (being in midlife), and having a more open-ended, positive future time perspective are both related to higher psychological wellbeing. Note, however, that being in midlife is related to a more limited and negative future time perspective. As such, confirming our conceptual argument, while both age and future perspective are measures of time in a general sense, analyses show that they act as unique, opposing forces in the construction of psychological wellbeing. The current research suggests that individuals can optimise psychological wellbeing to the extent that they maintain an open-ended and positive sense of the future. (Publisher abstract)
Individual and community attitudes toward financial elder abuse
- Authors:
- MIHALJCIC Tijana, LOWNDES Georgia
- Journal article citation:
- Journal of Elder Abuse and Neglect, 25(2), 2013, pp.183-203.
- Publisher:
- Taylor and Francis
- Place of publication:
- Philadelphia, USA
This study investigated attitudes toward financial elder abuse by sections of the Australian community using three focus groups, including aged care workers (aged 40-59), older adults (aged 55-76), and younger adults (aged 8-26). Participants were provided discussion cues prior to their focus group (i.e., What is financially abusive behavior? Why does it occur? How can it be prevented?). Two researchers authenticated the transcripts and identified micro- and macro-level themes within and across the groups. The study revealed a range of similar, different, and individual attitudes expressed across the groups, which could be used to develop a survey for a broader investigation of the role of individual attitudes and social/cultural norms in financial elder abuse. (Edited publisher abstract)
Boomers' prospective needs for senior centers and related services: a survey of persons 50–59
- Authors:
- MALONEBEACH Eileen E., LANGELAND Karen L.
- Journal article citation:
- Journal of Gerontological Social Work, 54(1), January 2011, pp.116-130.
- Publisher:
- Taylor and Francis
- Place of publication:
- Philadelphia, USA
Despite an increasing number of people over 60, participation in senior centers is decreasing. Ageing services may need revision to meet the needs of baby boomers as they age. This study aimed to examine boomers’ visions of their retirement and to identify what ageing services they intend to use. Surveys were mailed to 800 residents of an upper Midwestern county, aged 50-59 years, randomly selected from the voter registration list. The survey addressed: perceptions of aging services; familiarity with services provided; and visions of work and retirement, family, civic engagement, health, caregiving, and leisure. A total of 225 completed surveys were returned. The findings showed that 53% of the respondents intended to work and increase civic engagement. They expected more time for hobbies and friends, and to travel more. Family will continue to be their highest priority. The implications of the findings for providing senior services that are attractive to boomers are discussed.
Attitudes toward mental health services: age-group differences in Korean American adults
- Authors:
- JANG Yuri, CHIRIBOGA David A., OKAZAKI Sumie
- Journal article citation:
- Aging and Mental Health, 13(1), January 2009, pp.127-134.
- Publisher:
- Taylor and Francis
The present study examined the attitudes toward mental health services held by younger (aged 20-45, n = 209) and older (aged 60 and older, n = 462) groups of Korean Americans. Predisposing (age, gender, marital status and education), need (anxiety and depressive symptoms) and enabling (acculturation, health insurance coverage and personal experience and beliefs) variables were considered. In the mean-level assessment, younger and older adults were found to hold a similar level of positive attitudes toward mental health services. In the multivariate analysis, culture-influenced beliefs were shown to have a substantial contribution to the model of attitudes toward mental health services in both age groups. The belief that depression is a medical condition was found to be a common predictor of positive attitudes across the groups. In the older adult sample, more negative attitudes were observed among those who believed that depression is a sign of personal weakness and that having a mentally ill family member brings shame to the whole family. The findings show that older adults are not only more subject to cultural misconceptions and stigma related to mental disorders, but also their attitudes toward service use are negatively influenced by the cultural stigma. The findings provide important implications for interventions targeted to improve access to mental health care among minority populations. Based on the similarities and differences found between young and old, both general and age-specific strategies need to be developed in order to increase effectiveness of these programs.
The consortium for social work training in aging: schools of social work in partnership with county departments of adult and aging services
- Authors:
- SCHARLACH Andrew E., ROBINSON Barrie K.
- Journal article citation:
- Journal of Social Work Education, 41(3), 2005, pp.427-440.
- Publisher:
- Council on Social Work Education
This article describes the Consortium of Social Work Training in Aging (CSWTA), a unique partnership among 3 schools of social work and 6 county departments of adult and aging services in the United States. Using an innovative collaborative training model that included structured rotations and curricular support, CSWTA contributed to increased student interest in aging services, and enhanced training capacity of county departments of adult and aging services. This model represents a promising approach for increasing the number of professional social workers trained to provide effective service and leadership to the public sector in the field of aging.
Sooner rather than later: younger and middle-aged adults preparing for retirement
- Authors:
- ANDERSON Michael, et al
- Journal article citation:
- Ageing and Society, 20(4), July 2000, pp.445-466.
- Publisher:
- Cambridge University Press
During the 1990s, the British population has been urged by government and financial institutions to make more personal preparation for retirement and to begin doing so while they are still relatively young. This article, set within a wider analysis of people's long-term planning behaviour, investigates the extent to which a sample of the general planning behaviour, investigates the extent to which a sample of the general population of Kirkcaldy in Scotland, mostly aged between 30 and 49, has given thought to the question of retirement, feels they have made financial preparation for it, and also how comfortable they expect retirement to be. The study concludes planning for retirement must be seen as part of planning as a whole, and that the propensity to plan is the outcome of a complex web or material, social, cultural and psychological factors.
Independence, well-being and choice: our vision for the future of social care for adults in England: consultation response
- Author:
- SOCIAL CARE INSTITUTE FOR EXCELLENCE
- Publisher:
- Social Care Institute for Excellence
- Publication year:
- 2005
- Pagination:
- 28p.
- Place of publication:
- London
The Social Care Institute for Excellence (SCIE) welcomes the green paper’s emphasis on independence and choice, and also wishes to encourage careful thinking about the issues of interdependence and control. SCIE supports the proposal to have an inclusive debate about risk. Structural change may be necessary, but is certainly not sufficient. The green paper recognises this, particularly through the emphasis on cultural change. Drawing on what is known about the implementation of changes designed to promote user- and carer-centred working, SCIE argues for an incremental approach and for forthcoming legislation to be framed in a way that allows for learning and experimentation by all concerned, including the users of services and their carers and supporters. The green paper’s seven outcomes for social care cannot be delivered by social care alone. Effective, outcome-focused partnership working across the human services and spanning from central government to the frontline must therefore be resourced and developed.
Funding and planning for social care in later life: a deliberative focus group study
- Authors:
- DIXON Josie, et al
- Journal article citation:
- Health and Social Care in the Community, 27(5), 2019, pp.e687-e696.
- Publisher:
- Wiley
This study examined people's perceptions and behaviours in relation to planning for their social care needs, and their values and priorities concerning how social care should be funded. Eight deliberative focus groups were conducted in May 2018 with 53 participants, aged 25–82 years, in London, Manchester and rural locations near York and Sheffield. Multiple uncertainties created barriers to planning for social care needs including not knowing how much to save, not thinking it possible for an average person to save enough to meet significant needs, reluctance to plan for something potentially unnecessary, lack of suitable and secure ways of saving, and a perception of social care policy as unsettled. Participants also had significant concerns that they would not be able to obtain good‐quality care, regardless of resources. In addition, it was commonly thought unrealistic to expect families to provide more than low‐intensity, supplementary care, while use of housing assets to pay for care was considered unfair, both for home‐owners who could lose their assets and non‐home‐owners who were left reliant on the state although it was more acceptable where people were childless or had substantial assets. Participants thought any new arrangements should be inclusive, personally affordable, sustainable, transparent, good‐quality and honest. They preferred to contribute regularly rather than find considerable sums of money at times of crisis, and preferred to risk‐pool, with everyone obliged or heavily encouraged to contribute. Transparency was valued so those better at ‘working the system’ were not able to benefit unfairly and participants wanted to know that, if they contributed, they would be assured of good‐quality care. Trust in Government and other institutions, however, was low. New funding arrangements should incorporate measures to increase transparency and trust, be clear about the responsibilities of individuals and the state, provide meaningful options to save, and place significant focus on improving actual and perceived care quality. For acceptability, proposals should be framed to emphasise their affective dimensions and positive values. (Publisher abstract)
Secure, accessible, friendly, equal (SAFE) housing: the housing experiences, concerns and preferences of older LGBT people
- Authors:
- KING Andrew, STONEMAN Paul
- Publisher:
- University of Surrey. Centre for Research on Age and Gender
- Publication year:
- 2017
- Pagination:
- 10
- Place of publication:
- Guildford
A short report of key findings from the SAFE Housing study, which used focus groups and a survey to investigate the current housing provision and housing options available to lesbian, gay, bisexual and trans (LGBT) people as they get older. A total of 201 people, living in London or Shropshire and aged 50-86, participated in the research. The findings cover the themes of: safety, comfort and trust; community and connections; and imagining the future. The study found that safety in the home was dependent upon the amount of control the person felt they had over their home environment. Social isolation from friends, partners, and/or other LGBT people was a big concern. Although over 58 per cent of survey respondents had concerns about housing later in life, only 72 per cent had not made any plans for their future housing. The report makes four recommendations in relation to future housing options for LGBT people. (Edited publisher abstract)